Killing Tree of Heaven: Why, How & When

Summary

This video focuses on the invasive tree of heaven (Ailanthus altissima), a key host for the spotted lanternfly in Albemarle County. Experts discuss identifying the tree, its spread, and its environmental impact. Control methods are highlighted, particularly chemical options like glyphosate and triclopir, as well as mechanical techniques like cut stump and basal bark spraying. Viewers learn how to effectively manage and remove tree of heaven from their property to slow the spread of pests. The video also covers the timing of herbicide application and necessary personal protective equipment (PPE) for safe handling.

Takeaways

• 😀 The Spotted Lanternfly is a non-native pest found in Albemarle County, Virginia, and its primary host is the Tree of Heaven (Ailanthus altissima).
• 😀 The Tree of Heaven is an invasive species introduced to North America in 1784 and is a preferred host for various pests, including the Spotted Lanternfly and Brown Marmorated Stink Bug.
• 😀 Tree of Heaven can be identified by its distinctive compound leaves with tooth-like structures at the base of each leaflet and a strong, unpleasant odor, earning it nicknames like 'stink tree.'
• 😀 Ailanthus trees typically have gray bark, tight and smooth when young, which becomes more textured as the tree matures.
• 😀 The Tree of Heaven can be distinguished between male and female plants, with female trees producing seed heads that can spread the tree's invasive nature.
• 😀 Mechanical control methods like cutting the tree may not be effective because the tree will sprout back from its roots. Seedlings, however, can be removed by pulling them from the soil.
• 😀 Biological control is on the horizon with research into a naturally occurring fungal disease, Verticillium wilt, which can kill Ailanthus trees by clogging their vessels. However, it's not yet commercially available.
• 😀 Chemical control, particularly the use of herbicides like glyphosate and triclopr, is currently the most effective way to manage Tree of Heaven populations.
• 😀 The best time to apply herbicides is in mid to late summer when the tree is actively growing, allowing the chemicals to be carried down into the root system.
• 😀 Personal protective equipment (PPE) such as gloves, long sleeves, and boots is required when applying herbicides to ensure safety. The label on herbicide containers provides crucial instructions for usage.
• 😀 Herbicide application methods for controlling Tree of Heaven include cut stump, hack and squirt, and basal bark spraying. Basal bark spraying is the easiest and most effective, requiring minimal equipment and a high success rate.

Q & A

What is the main focus of the discussion in this video?

The video focuses on controlling the invasive Tree of Heaven (Ailanthus altissima), which is the preferred host of the Spotted Lanternfly, an invasive pest, in Albemarle County.

Why is controlling Tree of Heaven important in the fight against Spotted Lanternfly?

Controlling Tree of Heaven is important because it serves as a primary host for Spotted Lanternfly. By managing this tree, we can help slow the spread of the pest.

What is Tree of Heaven's historical origin in North America?

Tree of Heaven, or Ailanthus altissima, was introduced to North America in 1784 through a port in Philadelphia. It is now an invasive species in many regions.

What are some key identification features of Tree of Heaven?

Key identification features include smooth twigs, compound leaves with tooth-like structures at the base of each leaflet, gray bark, and a distinctive smell, often referred to as 'stink tree.'

What makes Tree of Heaven a challenging invasive species to control?

Tree of Heaven is resilient, as it sprouts back vigorously when cut. This makes mechanical control methods less effective, and chemical or biological methods are often necessary.

What is the status of biological control methods for Tree of Heaven?

Biological control methods, such as the use of Verticillium wilt, are promising but not yet commercially available. This naturally occurring fungus clogs the vessels of Tree of Heaven, eventually killing it.

What are the most common herbicide options used for controlling Tree of Heaven?

The primary herbicides for controlling Tree of Heaven are Glyphosate (commonly known as Roundup) and Triclopyr, with different formulations for various application methods.

What is the best time to apply herbicides for Tree of Heaven control?

The best time to apply herbicides is mid to late summer when the tree is actively growing. This allows the herbicides to be transported down into the root system, where they are most effective.

What is the recommended personal protective equipment (PPE) when applying herbicides?

Recommended PPE includes gloves, long sleeves, long pants, boots, and shoes. These guidelines are specified on the herbicide labels to ensure safety during application.

What are the different methods demonstrated for applying herbicides to Tree of Heaven?

The video demonstrates three methods for applying herbicides: Cut Stump, Hack and Squirt, and Basal Bark Spray. Each method targets the tree at different stages of growth and with varying levels of precision.