"Etnografi" - Antropologi

Summary

This educational video explains the concept of ethnography, a qualitative research method focused on studying and documenting the social and cultural life of communities. Ethnography involves direct observation, participation, and in-depth analysis of a group's behavior, customs, and language. The video covers key characteristics of ethnographic research, such as its holistic nature, detailed exploration of social phenomena, and its focus on cultural understanding. It also highlights a case study of ethnographic research conducted in Mojokerto, East Java, demonstrating how researchers immerse themselves in the community to gain insights into local culture and religion.

Takeaways

• 😀 Ethnography is a research method that studies social and cultural behaviors within a community.
• 😀 The term 'ethnography' comes from Greek: 'ethnos' meaning people or nation, and 'graphein' meaning to write or describe.
• 😀 It is a qualitative research method used to understand societies and cultural practices in-depth.
• 😀 Ethnography provides holistic and detailed descriptions of the community, its behaviors, and practices.
• 😀 The method involves immersing the researcher in the community for extended periods to observe and participate in daily activities.
• 😀 Key characteristics of ethnography include its holistic approach, exploration of social phenomena, detailed description, and immersive fieldwork.
• 😀 Ethnographic research focuses on understanding the lived experiences of people from their perspective, avoiding external biases.
• 😀 An example of ethnography is Clifford Geertz's study of Javanese society, where he identified different cultural types in Mojokerto, East Java.
• 😀 Ethnographers conduct fieldwork by learning the local language, engaging in cultural practices, and observing social activities.
• 😀 The steps of ethnographic research include selecting a research idea, formulating questions, collecting data, analyzing findings, and writing a detailed report.

Q & A

What is ethnography?

Ethnography is a research method that focuses on studying and documenting the social and cultural aspects of a particular community or group by immersing oneself in their environment and observing their behaviors and interactions.

What is the origin of the term 'ethnography'?

The term 'ethnography' comes from the Greek words 'ethnos' meaning 'people' or 'nation,' and 'graphein' meaning 'to write' or 'to describe.'

How does ethnography differ from other research methods?

Ethnography is distinct because it involves direct observation of people in their natural setting over an extended period of time, aiming to understand the cultural, social, and behavioral practices within a community. This is different from laboratory-based or quantitative research methods.

What are the key characteristics of ethnographic research?

The four key characteristics of ethnographic research are: 1) It is holistic and integrated, considering all aspects of the community, 2) It explores social phenomena in detail, 3) It focuses on specific groups or communities, and 4) It produces a detailed and in-depth description (thick description) of the findings.

How does ethnographic research contribute to understanding social behavior?

Ethnographic research allows researchers to observe and understand how social behaviors, values, norms, and cultural practices shape individuals' interactions and social structures in a community.

Why is participant observation important in ethnography?

Participant observation is crucial because it allows the researcher to immerse themselves in the community, gaining a deeper understanding of their daily life, interactions, and cultural norms by actively participating in the community's activities.

What is an example of ethnographic research mentioned in the script?

An example provided in the script is Clifford Geertz's ethnographic study 'The Religion of Java,' where he researched the social and religious life of the Mojokuto community in East Java, Indonesia. His research involved learning the local language, participating in cultural activities, and conducting detailed observations.

What are the steps involved in conducting ethnographic research?

The steps include: 1) Selecting a research topic, 2) Developing research questions, 3) Gathering data through participant observation and interviews, 4) Recording data, 5) Analyzing the data, and 6) Writing the ethnographic report.

How does ethnographic research help in understanding societal changes?

Ethnographic research helps understand societal changes by allowing researchers to observe long-term shifts in social, political, or cultural dynamics within a community, and uncover trends, conflicts, or developments that may not be visible in short-term studies.

What makes ethnographic research valuable in academic and policy contexts?

Ethnographic research is valuable because it provides deep, qualitative insights into cultural practices and social behaviors, which can inform the development of theories, academic studies, and even public policies aimed at addressing societal issues.