SEJARAH PPKI

Summary

The video outlines the pivotal role of the Panitia Persiapan Kemerdekaan Indonesia (PPKI) in Indonesia's journey to independence. Formed on August 7, 1945, after the dissolution of BPUPKI, PPKI's mission was to finalize the nation's foundational legal documents, transfer power from Japan, and prepare Indonesia for independence. Key figures like Soekarno and Hatta led the PPKI, which was responsible for the Proclamation of Independence on August 17, 1945. It also played a central role in drafting the 1945 Constitution, forming essential government bodies, and setting the groundwork for Indonesia's future political structure.

Takeaways

• 😀 PPKI (Preparation Committee for Indonesian Independence) was formed on August 7, 1945, to continue the work of BPUPKI in preparing Indonesia's independence.
• 😀 The main task of PPKI was to finalize the Indonesian Constitution and prepare for the transfer of power from Japan to Indonesia.
• 😀 The PPKI was composed of 27 members, with representation from various ethnic groups across Indonesia.
• 😀 The first PPKI meeting, held on August 18, 1945, resulted in important decisions, including the formulation of the opening section of Indonesia's Constitution.
• 😀 The PPKI modified the wording of the original Piagam Jakarta to reflect Indonesia's pluralistic society, changing the phrase about Islam to 'Belief in the One God.'
• 😀 PPKI declared Indonesia's independence on August 17, 1945, with Soekarno and Hatta leading the proclamation.
• 😀 After the declaration of independence, PPKI made crucial decisions, such as electing Soekarno as president and Mohammad Hatta as vice president.
• 😀 On August 19, 1945, PPKI divided Indonesia into eight provinces and appointed governors for each province.
• 😀 PPKI formed the Komite Nasional Indonesia Pusat (KNIP), which served as an advisory body to the president and a precursor to Indonesia's legislature.
• 😀 The emergence of political parties, including the Partai Nasional Indonesia (PNI), reflected the growing diversity of political ideologies in Indonesia following independence.

Q & A

What is the main purpose of the PPKI formation?

The main purpose of the formation of the PPKI (Preparatory Committee for Indonesian Independence) was to continue the tasks of the BPUPKI, including finalizing the Indonesian Constitution, preparing for the transfer of power from the Japanese military government, and organizing the governance structure of the new Indonesian state.

Who were the key figures leading the PPKI?

The key figures leading the PPKI were Insinyur Soekarno, who served as the Chairman, and Muhammad Hatta, who was appointed as the Vice Chairman.

When was the PPKI officially formed, and where did its symbolic inauguration take place?

The PPKI was officially formed on August 7, 1945, and its symbolic inauguration took place on August 9, 1945, in Saigon, Vietnam, near the Mekong River.

What significant change was made to the Preamble of the 1945 Constitution during the PPKI session?

The significant change made to the Preamble of the 1945 Constitution was the modification of the phrase from 'Ketuhanan dengan kewajiban menjalankan syariat Islam bagi para pemeluknya' (God with the obligation to follow Islamic law for its followers) to 'Ketuhanan yang Maha Esa' (The One and Only God). This was done to reflect Indonesia's commitment to religious tolerance, given the diversity of religions and ethnicities in the country.

What was the role of the BPUPKI before the PPKI took over?

The BPUPKI (Preparatory Committee for Indonesian Independence) was responsible for drafting the Constitution of Indonesia. After completing this task, it was dissolved, and its responsibilities were passed on to the PPKI.

How many original members did the PPKI have, and what was their ethnic composition?

The PPKI originally had 21 members, who were representative of various ethnic groups in Indonesia. These included 12 from Java, 3 from Sumatra, 2 from Sulawesi, and one each from Kalimantan, Bali, Nusa Tenggara, Maluku, and Tionghoa.

What was the significance of the Proclamation of Indonesian Independence on August 17, 1945?

The Proclamation of Indonesian Independence on August 17, 1945, was a momentous event where Soekarno, accompanied by Hatta, declared Indonesia's independence. This was a pivotal point in the nation's struggle against colonial rule and was carried out following Japan's surrender to the Allies.

What was discussed and decided during the PPKI session on August 18, 1945?

During the PPKI session on August 18, 1945, several key decisions were made, including the approval of the 1945 Constitution, the appointment of Soekarno as the first President and Hatta as Vice President, the creation of 12 ministries to assist the President, and the division of Indonesia into 8 provinces with appointed governors.

What was the role of the Komite Nasional Indonesia Pusat (KNIP), and when was it established?

The Komite Nasional Indonesia Pusat (KNIP) was established on August 29, 1945, to assist the President and the government in the absence of a full legislative body like the MPR or DPR. KNIP's role was to represent the legislative power of the people until the first general elections could be held.

What political developments followed the establishment of the KNIP and the PPKI's actions in 1945?

After the establishment of KNIP and the formation of the PPKI, Indonesia saw the rise of new political parties such as the Indonesian National Party (PNI), Partai Marhaen Indonesia (Permai), Majelis Syuro Muslimin Indonesia (Masyumi), and the Indonesian Communist Party (PKI), among others. This marked the beginning of a multi-party political landscape in the new republic.