Audit dalam Kerangka Islam - Audit Lembaga Keuangan Syariah

Summary

This lecture covers the concept of auditing within the framework of Islamic finance (Audit Syariah), emphasizing its distinct features compared to conventional auditing (Audit Konvensional). Key differences include the involvement of the Shariah Supervisory Board (Dewan Pengawas Syariah) in Islamic institutions, the use of Shariah-compliant auditing standards, and the focus on compliance with Islamic principles in financial transactions. The lecture also explains the process of Islamic financial audits, including the importance of 'reasonable assurance,' audit sampling, and the limitations auditors face. Overall, it provides an insightful overview of the unique aspects of Islamic finance auditing.

Takeaways

• 😀 The concept of auditing in Islam emphasizes fairness, justice, and accountability in business transactions, as illustrated in verses from the Qur'an, such as Surah As-Syu'ara and Surah Al-Hujurat.
• 😀 Shariah auditing focuses on ensuring that financial practices comply with Islamic principles, such as fairness in financial reporting and avoiding harm to others.
• 😀 Shariah-compliant audits are necessary to prevent financial reports that serve the interests of a single party, ensuring that all stakeholders are treated fairly.
• 😀 The role of the Shariah Supervisory Board (DPS) is integral in Shariah audits, unlike conventional audits, which do not involve such a board.
• 😀 Shariah auditors must hold certifications specific to Islamic accounting, such as Sas (Shariah Accounting Certification), whereas conventional auditors do not have the same requirement.
• 😀 Standards for Shariah audits are based on the Accounting and Auditing Organization for Islamic Financial Institutions (AAOIFI) guidelines, while conventional audits follow standards set by institutions like IAPI in Indonesia.
• 😀 Shariah audit opinions include assessing compliance with Islamic rules and principles, not just the accuracy of financial reporting, covering aspects such as contracts and business processes.
• 😀 Shariah auditing is a systematic process that provides 'reasonable assurance' (not absolute certainty) that financial and operational practices align with Shariah principles.
• 😀 Ethical principles in Shariah auditing include truthfulness, integrity, objectivity, confidentiality, and independence, ensuring that auditors act in an unbiased and professional manner.
• 😀 The limitations of Shariah auditing, such as using samples to assess transactions rather than checking every item, mean that the auditor provides reasonable assurance, not a guarantee of absolute accuracy.

Q & A

What is the meaning of auditing in the context of Islam?

In the Islamic context, auditing involves ensuring fairness and transparency in transactions, as emphasized in the Quran, particularly in Surah Ash-Shu'ara (181-184), which stresses the importance of not defrauding others and conducting business with justice and honesty.

How does the Quran relate to the practice of auditing?

The Quranic verses from Surah Ash-Shu'ara (181-184) highlight the ethical foundation of auditing. They call for accurate measurement and honesty in financial dealings, which aligns with the objectives of auditing: to ensure reports are not biased and to maintain fairness in transactions.

What is the role of auditing in the Islamic financial system?

Auditing in the Islamic financial system, called 'tabayyun', ensures that financial reports and activities are in accordance with Islamic principles. It requires careful examination of financial data to ensure compliance with Shariah laws and avoid any form of misrepresentation.

How does auditing in Islamic financial institutions differ from conventional auditing?

Islamic auditing differs from conventional auditing in several ways, such as the inclusion of Shariah Supervisory Boards (DPS), the requirement for auditors to have certification in Islamic accounting (SAS), and the focus on ensuring compliance with Islamic laws, such as the prohibition of riba (usury) and gharar (uncertainty).

Why is the role of the Shariah Supervisory Board important in Islamic auditing?

The Shariah Supervisory Board (DPS) is crucial in Islamic auditing because it ensures that all financial practices, contracts, and transactions of the financial institution comply with Shariah principles. Their role is to safeguard the integrity of the institution’s operations in accordance with Islamic law.

What are the key differences in the standards used in Islamic and conventional auditing?

Islamic auditing uses standards from the Accounting and Auditing Organization for Islamic Financial Institutions (AAOIFI), whereas conventional auditing follows standards set by professional bodies such as the Indonesian Institute of Public Accountants (IAPI) and International Standards on Auditing (ISA).

What is 'reasonable assurance' in the context of auditing?

Reasonable assurance refers to the level of confidence an auditor has based on the evidence gathered during the audit process. It means that the auditor provides assurance that financial statements are free from material misstatement, but this assurance is not absolute, as it is based on sample testing and judgment.

What is the significance of professional skepticism in auditing?

Professional skepticism is crucial in auditing because it ensures that auditors do not take management's representations at face value. Auditors must critically evaluate evidence and be alert to the possibility of misstatement or fraud, making them more effective in detecting errors or irregularities.

What are the limitations of Islamic auditing?

Islamic auditing faces limitations such as using sampling methods, which means not all transactions are examined, and the inherent challenges in estimating financial figures, such as asset depreciation or bad debts. Additionally, the effectiveness of internal controls may be compromised by human factors like collusion or lack of commitment.

How does the Islamic auditing process ensure compliance with Shariah principles?

Islamic auditing ensures compliance with Shariah principles by evaluating not only financial transactions but also non-financial aspects, such as business contracts, the structuring of transactions, and adherence to ethical guidelines provided by Shariah law. Auditors ensure that all aspects of the financial institution's operations align with these principles.