Kaidah Amr (Kata Perintah) - Pengertian & Bentuk Lafadz. Materi Fikih kelas XII Madrasah Aliyah

Summary

This video explains the concept of 'Amr' (command) in the Quran, exploring its different forms and interpretations in Islamic law. It defines 'Amr' as a command from Allah to humans, explaining its various manifestations, including verb forms, nouns, and statements. The video also discusses key principles for interpreting 'Amr' through five important legal rules, such as its inherent obligation, the non-requirement for repetition, and its role in guiding proper actions. The video highlights how these commands shape the practice of Islamic duties, emphasizing both obligatory actions and permissible behaviors.

Takeaways

• 😀 Amr (command) in Arabic refers to an order or instruction, typically given by someone in a higher position, like Allah to humans.
• 😀 In the Quran, Amr appears in different forms: as a verb (imperative), a noun, and other variations such as fi'il mudhori (present tense verb with 'lam') or masdar (verbal noun).
• 😀 The basic principle of Amr is that it indicates an obligation, and if not followed, it may lead to sin, unless there are specific exceptions or conditions.
• 😀 Amr can also represent an exhortation or guidance, such as the command to 'establish prayer and give zakat' in the Quran (Al-Baqarah 2:43).
• 😀 There are several types of Amr in the Quran, including those meant for instruction, recommendation, permission, and threat, each carrying a different level of obligation.
• 😀 One type of Amr is 'Amr li Irsyad,' which aims to guide or advise, like in the verse about contracts (Al-Baqarah 2:282).
• 😀 'Amr li Ibaha' allows optional actions, where something is permissible but not obligatory, like the command to eat and drink until dawn during Ramadan (Al-Baqarah 2:187).
• 😀 'Amr li Ta'jiz' is a form of command that implies weakness or a challenge, such as the challenge issued to the disbelievers to bring a verse like the Quran.
• 😀 The principle of 'Al-ashlu fil Amri wujud' suggests that a command in the Quran or hadith is generally understood to imply an obligation unless there is a specific context or condition to change that understanding.
• 😀 The rules governing Amr highlight that the timing or urgency of an order may depend on one's circumstances, such as performing Hajj when financially and physically capable, not immediately.

Q & A

What is the meaning of 'Amr' in the context of Islamic teachings?

'Amr' in Arabic means 'command' or 'order'. In Islamic terminology, it refers to the demand for an action to be performed by someone of lower status by someone of higher status, with Allah being the ultimate authority commanding humans.

What are the main forms of 'Amr' found in the Quran?

The main forms of 'Amr' in the Quran include: 1) 'Fi'il Amr' (command verbs), 2) 'Fi'il Mudarri' (imperative verb forms preceded by 'la'), 3) 'Isim Fi'il Amr' (noun forms of command), 4) 'Masdar' (substitute for a verb), 5) Sentences that convey command indirectly, and 6) Words that denote obligation like 'kutiba' or 'faradha'.

Can you give an example of 'Fi'il Amr' in the Quran?

An example of 'Fi'il Amr' in the Quran is found in Surah Al-Baqarah, Ayah 43: 'Wa aqimus-salata wa atuz-zakata' which means 'Establish prayer and give zakat'.

What is the significance of 'al-ashlu fil Amri wujud' in the context of 'Amr'?

The principle 'al-ashlu fil Amri wujud' means that the default understanding of a command is that it indicates a duty or obligation. This suggests that if a command is given, it is to be considered a compulsory action unless specified otherwise by further restrictions or conditions.

What does the phrase 'Amr Lili Irsyad' refer to in Islamic law?

'Amr Lili Irsyad' refers to a command that serves as guidance or direction, rather than a strict obligation. For example, a verse in the Quran might instruct a behavior that benefits individuals or society, but it is not obligatory to follow.

How do 'Amr' commands relate to the concept of reward in Islam?

Commands that are given as 'Amr' in the form of a recommendation or guidance ('Amr Nyalin Nabi') are meant to earn rewards in the Hereafter for following them, while commands that simply instruct actions for worldly benefits ('Amr Lili Irsyad') are intended for personal or social benefit.

What is the difference between 'Amr' as a command and 'Amr' as an encouragement?

The difference lies in the intention and result: a command ('Amr') typically imposes an obligation, whereas an encouragement ('Amr') is more about urging a beneficial action without an explicit legal obligation.

What does 'Al-hukmu yaduru ma'al-illah' mean in relation to commands?

'Al-hukmu yaduru ma'al-illah' means that the ruling of a command is contingent upon the presence or absence of the reason or cause ('illah'). A command's legal status may change depending on the circumstances surrounding the action or the cause behind the command.

What does 'Al-ashlu fil Amri layakota delft Aura' imply about the urgency of fulfilling a command?

This principle means that a command does not inherently require immediate action. It emphasizes that the key factor is not rushing to fulfill the command but ensuring the action is done with the right preparation and at an appropriate time.

How does the concept of 'Amr' impact the practice of Islamic rituals, such as Hajj?

In Islamic rituals, 'Amr' emphasizes that actions like Hajj, while obligatory, do not require immediate execution. The command for Hajj is to be fulfilled when one has the capacity, aligning with the principle that not all commands necessitate immediate action.