Sejarah Perkembangan Seni Tari Nusantara | Part 1

Summary

In this video, Letti Poerwandari explores the classification of traditional dances in Indonesia based on their historical development. She discusses five key periods: the Prehistoric Hindu-Buddhist era, the arrival of Islam, the colonial period, and post-independence. Highlighting dances like the Hudoq, Tortor, and Seudati, Letti emphasizes the influence of various cultures, from indigenous practices to Indian and Islamic influences, in shaping these dances. The video also showcases the evolution of dance forms, costumes, and music, with a focus on the cultural preservation efforts seen in festivals and royal courts across the islands.

Takeaways

• 😀 The video introduces the history and classification of traditional dance in Indonesia based on its development.
• 😀 There are three main classifications of dance development: by historical era, by rulers or patrons, and by tradition.
• 😀 The first era is the Pre-Hindu-Buddhist era, where dances like the Hudoq from Kalimantan were performed for ritual purposes.
• 😀 The Hudoq dance uses simple movements, with costumes made of leaves and accessories like animal masks, accompanied by simple drumming.
• 😀 The second era is the Hindu-Buddhist period, beginning in the 5th century, where Indian influences on dance movements became apparent.
• 😀 During the Hindu-Buddhist era, Javanese and Balinese kingdoms developed their own dance styles, with more elaborate gestures and distinct costumes.
• 😀 The third era, the Islamic era, saw the arrival of traders from Arabia and Persia, influencing local cultures, including dance.
• 😀 Sunan Kalijogo introduced the Topeng dance, which has philosophical connections to the Five Pillars of Islam and spread across the islands.
• 😀 The Seudati and Saman dances from Sumatra evolved, with elements of Islamic praise and shifting from folk performances to royal court presentations.
• 😀 Over time, costumes became more modest, especially for women, incorporating traditional garments such as the kebaya and baju kurung.
• 😀 The video concludes by previewing further discussions in upcoming videos and encourages viewers to like, subscribe, and share.

Q & A

What are the three categories of dance development discussed in the video?

The three categories are: 1) by historical era, 2) by rulers or patrons, and 3) by tradition.

What was the primary belief system of the Dayak people during the time of the Hudoq dance?

The Dayak people believed in Animism, and the Hudoq dance was performed as part of their rituals, such as during planting seasons, to ask the gods for protection and fertility of their crops.

What type of costume is used in the Hudoq dance?

The dancers wear costumes made from leaves, such as banana leaves, and accessorize with animal masks representing various wildlife characters.

What is the significance of the Hudoq dance in the context of the Dayak people's agricultural practices?

The Hudoq dance was performed to invoke the favor of the gods for a bountiful harvest, especially during the planting of crops.

How did the arrival of Indian merchants affect dance in the Nusantara region?

Indian merchants introduced Indian culture, including dance forms, to the Nusantara region. This led to the creation of new dance movements and styles, with local adaptations influenced by Indian culture, especially in Java and Bali.

What is the key difference between Javanese and Balinese gamelan music?

Javanese gamelan music is more refined and smooth, while Balinese gamelan is lively and bright in tone.

What was the nature of the Ramayana performance in ancient Javanese courts?

The Ramayana was performed as a form of dance-drama, known as 'sendratari,' which was only presented in the royal courts and witnessed by the nobility.

How did the arrival of Islam in the Nusantara region influence local dance traditions?

Islam introduced new cultural elements, including the creation of performances like Wayang Kulit and the Topeng dance. The spread of Islam was facilitated through cultural means, rather than warfare, and influenced local dances in regions like Java, Aceh, Sumatra, and Kalimantan.

What is the philosophical significance of the masks used in the Topeng dance?

The five masks worn in the Topeng dance symbolize the Five Pillars of Islam, representing important spiritual teachings and values.

What is the traditional performance style of the Seudati dance in Aceh?

The Seudati dance in Aceh is dynamic and involves synchronized movements, performed without musical instruments but accompanied by chants or prayers (sholawat). It was initially performed outside royal courts but was later accepted in the royal palaces of Aceh.