Cara Kerja Bosch Pump / Pompa Injeksi INLINE pada Mesin Diesel

Summary

This video explains the working principle of a high-pressure fuel pump (bospom) used in diesel engines, specifically for inline systems. The pump functions to deliver fuel at pressures exceeding 100 kg/cm² to the engine's nozzles. Key components, including the camshaft, plunger, control rack, automatic advance timer, and delivery valve, work together to regulate fuel flow and timing. The plunger adjusts fuel injection based on engine speed and load, ensuring optimal performance. The detailed animation and explanation help viewers understand the mechanics of fuel delivery, pressure regulation, and nozzle operation in diesel engines.

Takeaways

• 😀 The video explains the operation of the high-pressure fuel pump (bospom) in a diesel engine system, particularly for inline-type engines.
• 😀 The high-pressure fuel pump is responsible for pumping fuel at pressures above 100 kg per square centimeter, which is necessary for the diesel engine's high compression ratio.
• 😀 Diesel engines require higher fuel pressure (over 100 kg/cm²) due to their compression ratio, which can reach 22:1 compared to gasoline engines that max out at 11:1.
• 😀 The main components of the high-pressure fuel pump include the camshaft, control rack, automatic advance timer, and plunger.
• 😀 The camshaft drives the plunger up and down, which in turn pumps fuel, and it is directly powered by the engine through the timing gear.
• 😀 The control rack adjusts the movement of the plunger to regulate the amount of fuel pumped, which is influenced by the throttle pedal position and engine speed.
• 😀 The automatic advance timer adjusts the timing of fuel injection by shifting the camshaft position, influenced by engine speed using centrifugal force.
• 😀 The plunger has a key role in pumping fuel. It moves up and down to pressurize fuel and also rotates to adjust the amount of fuel injected by varying the effective stroke length.
• 😀 The high-pressure fuel pump features a Helix, a slanted groove that determines the effective stroke of the plunger, thus controlling the volume of fuel being pumped.
• 😀 When the engine is started, the fuel is drawn from the tank, filtered, and pumped to the high-pressure pump. The pressurized fuel then reaches the nozzle, where it is injected into the combustion chamber.

Q & A

What is the function of a high-pressure fuel pump (Bospom) in a diesel engine?

The function of a high-pressure fuel pump (Bospom) is to pump fuel at high pressures, above 100 kg per square centimeter, into the fuel system of a diesel engine, ensuring proper injection and combustion.

Why do diesel engines require such high fuel pressure?

Diesel engines require high fuel pressure because of their high compression ratios, which can reach up to 22:1, unlike gasoline engines that have a compression ratio of only 11:1 in regular vehicles.

What is the role of the 'Nokkenas' (camshaft) in the high-pressure fuel pump?

The Nokkenas (camshaft) drives the high-pressure fuel pump by rotating through the engine's timing gear, enabling the plunger to move up and down to pump fuel.

How does the 'kontrol rap' component work in regulating fuel flow?

The kontrol rap, which is a long serrated gear, controls the plunger's rotation to the left or right. It adjusts the amount of fuel pumped based on the engine speed, detected by a centrifugal mechanism linked to the accelerator pedal.

What happens when the gas pedal is pressed in relation to the fuel pump?

When the gas pedal is pressed, the kontrol rap moves the plunger to the left, increasing the amount of fuel being pumped into the engine, which results in higher engine RPM.

What is the function of the automatic advance timer in a high-pressure fuel pump?

The automatic advance timer adjusts the timing of fuel injection by shifting the camshaft. It uses centrifugal forces to detect engine speed, advancing or retarding the fuel injection timing accordingly.

How does the plunger's movement affect fuel delivery in a high-pressure fuel pump?

The plunger moves up and down to pressurize and pump fuel. It also rotates left or right to adjust the amount of fuel being injected; turning left increases fuel flow, while turning right reduces it.

What is the role of the Helix in the plunger of a high-pressure fuel pump?

The Helix is a slanted groove inside the plunger that determines the effective stroke length of the plunger. A longer stroke results in more fuel being pumped, while a shorter stroke reduces fuel delivery.

How does the fuel get delivered to the nozzle from the high-pressure pump?

As the plunger moves upward, it increases fuel pressure until the delivery valve opens. This allows fuel to flow through the delivery valve and into the nozzle, where it is injected into the combustion chamber.

What happens if there is excess pressure at the nozzle?

If there is excess pressure at the nozzle, a return line opens, directing the excess fuel back to the fuel tank, preventing overpressure in the fuel system.