Kekerasan Seksual dan Kekerasan Berbasis Gender dalam Situasi Bencana

Summary

This video addresses the critical issue of sexual and gender-based violence (SGBV) during disaster situations. It explores the risks faced by vulnerable groups, including women, children, the elderly, and those with disabilities, and highlights the importance of prevention and response strategies. The video covers definitions, types, and impacts of SGBV, as well as providing guidance on effective coordination mechanisms and support services. Emphasizing the need for community-based solutions, the video calls for ongoing monitoring and evaluation to ensure the safety and dignity of disaster survivors, particularly women and girls, throughout humanitarian efforts.

Takeaways

• 😀 Situations of disaster increase the vulnerability of certain groups, such as women, children, the elderly, people with disabilities, and indigenous communities, exposing them to a higher risk of gender-based violence (GBV) and sexual violence.
• 😀 Gender is distinct from biological sex; while sex is biological and unchangeable, gender is socially constructed and can evolve over time based on culture and societal norms.
• 😀 Gender-based violence (GBV) occurs due to power imbalances between men and women or other gender relations, often resulting in repeated patterns of control and abuse.
• 😀 Sexual violence includes any actions that degrade, attack, or violate a person's body with a focus on sexual exploitation, done forcefully against a person’s will or consent, often due to power imbalances.
• 😀 Exploitation, although similar to sexual violence, focuses on the abuse of power for the purpose of gaining sexual acts, often involving an exchange of goods, services, or money.
• 😀 The impacts of sexual violence and GBV are vast, including physical harm, psychological trauma, unwanted pregnancies, sexually transmitted infections (STIs), and long-term mental health issues.
• 😀 GBV and sexual violence can lead to social stigma, economic dependency, and increased vulnerability to human trafficking or other forms of exploitation.
• 😀 Prevention of GBV during disasters is crucial to avoid 'double victimization,' where survivors of disasters also become victims of violence. Prevention efforts include education, awareness-raising, and creating safe spaces in disaster settings.
• 😀 Effective handling of cases involving GBV and sexual violence requires careful assessment, empathy, and non-judgmental support, including legal, medical, psychological, and economic aid.
• 😀 Coordination mechanisms, such as the disaster response clusters in Indonesia, are essential to ensure a holistic approach to preventing and addressing GBV, including the involvement of women in the planning and monitoring of interventions.
• 😀 Continuous monitoring and evaluation are essential to assess the effectiveness of interventions in preventing and addressing GBV, ensuring accessibility to services, and adapting programs based on emerging risks during disaster recovery phases.

Q & A

What is the main focus of this video?

The video focuses on sexual and gender-based violence (SGBV) in disaster situations, particularly within local leadership projects related to disaster preparedness and protection in Indonesia. It discusses the risks, causes, impacts, prevention strategies, and mechanisms for addressing SGBV in disaster contexts.

What are the key humanitarian organizations involved in this project?

The key organizations involved in this project are Yayasan Slime International, Indonesia, ADRA, Muhammadiyah Disaster Management Center, Red Cross Indonesia, and Pujiono Center, funded by Herpiani Union Cycle Protection and Humanitarian Aid.

What is the definition of gender and how does it differ from sex?

Gender is a social construct that refers to roles, behaviors, and attributes that society attributes to individuals based on their perceived sex. Unlike sex, which is biological and fixed, gender can change over time and varies across cultures.

What is sexual and gender-based violence (SGBV)?

SGBV refers to violence that occurs due to gender inequality and power imbalances between men and women. It includes acts of sexual violence or exploitation, often occurring repeatedly in a cyclical manner, with the aim of controlling those seen as powerless.

What is the difference between sexual violence and sexual exploitation?

Sexual violence involves any act that harms or violates the body related to sexual desires, often forced and against a person’s will. Sexual exploitation, on the other hand, involves the abuse of power for sexual gain, often involving exchange for money, goods, or services.

What are some physical, psychological, and social impacts of SGBV?

Physical impacts include injuries, disabilities, unwanted pregnancies, and risks of sexually transmitted diseases. Psychological effects may include stress, depression, long-term trauma, and loss of self-confidence. Social impacts may involve stigma, social exclusion, economic dependency, and increased vulnerability to human trafficking.

Why is preventing sexual and gender-based violence especially important in disaster settings?

Disasters exacerbate the vulnerability of certain groups, especially women, children, the elderly, and individuals with disabilities. Without proper prevention measures, these groups face higher risks of sexual and gender-based violence. Prevention efforts can help avoid the situation where disaster survivors become double victims of both the disaster and violence.

What are some preventive measures to address SGBV in disaster situations?

Preventive measures include strengthening perspectives on sexual and reproductive health, ensuring community-based safety in shelters, implementing referral mechanisms for support services, and increasing awareness of gender inclusion principles within disaster preparedness and response efforts.

How should cases of sexual and gender-based violence be handled in disaster contexts?

Handling cases requires assessing the survivors' needs, providing medical, legal, and psychological support, ensuring proper legal procedures (such as police involvement and forensic examination), offering counseling, and maintaining safe referral pathways for ongoing support.

What role does coordination play in preventing and addressing SGBV during disasters?

Coordination is crucial to ensure that all humanitarian actors work together to create a cohesive response. In Indonesia, the disaster response coordination mechanism includes clusters such as education, health, protection, and shelter, with a sub-cluster focused specifically on preventing and addressing SGBV.