Cinesiologia e Biomecânica da Coluna Vertebral

Summary

In this video, the importance of the spine is discussed, highlighting its role in protecting the spinal cord and enabling movement. The structure of the vertebral column, consisting of 33 vertebrae and intervertebral discs, is explained, along with common disorders like herniated discs and scoliosis. Tips for preventing injuries, such as maintaining good posture and proper lifting techniques, are provided. The video also emphasizes that conservative treatments, including physiotherapy and exercise, can often avoid the need for surgery. Overall, the video encourages viewers to take care of their spinal health and share the knowledge with others.

Takeaways

• 😀 The spinal column is crucial for protecting the spinal cord, which controls movement in the limbs and torso.
• 😀 A healthy spinal column allows for movement in all planes, including bending, rotation, and lateral movement.
• 😀 The spinal column is made up of 33 vertebrae, with specific regions: cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, and coccyx.
• 😀 Normal spinal curvature includes lordosis in the cervical and lumbar regions, and kyphosis in the thoracic and sacral regions.
• 😀 Spinal problems, such as scoliosis, arise from abnormal curvatures of the spine.
• 😀 The intervertebral discs and their nucleus pulposus absorb impacts and allow for spinal movement.
• 😀 Over time, intervertebral discs can degenerate, leading to conditions like herniated discs, which can cause pain and limit movement.
• 😀 Proper posture and avoiding rotational movements when lifting heavy objects can help prevent spinal injury.
• 😀 Daily activities, such as sitting for long periods or lifting improperly, can put strain on the spine, leading to pain and potential injury.
• 😀 As we age, we may lose height due to the loss of water from the intervertebral discs, but this is a natural process.
• 😀 While surgery for spinal issues was once common, conservative treatments like physical therapy and exercise are often effective alternatives.

Q & A

What is the primary function of the spinal column?

The spinal column primarily protects the spinal cord, which is a continuation of the central nervous system. It also enables movement and supports the body’s weight.

Why is the spinal cord so important?

The spinal cord is crucial because it carries nerve impulses between the brain and the rest of the body, allowing for movement and sensory perception in the limbs and torso.

What can happen if the spinal cord is damaged?

Damage to the spinal cord can lead to loss of movement, such as paralysis of the arms and/or legs, as the nerve signals cannot pass through the damaged area.

What are the main sections of the spine, and how many vertebrae are in each section?

The spine consists of 33 vertebrae: 7 in the cervical region, 12 in the thoracic region, 5 in the lumbar region, 5 fused vertebrae in the sacral region, and 4 fused vertebrae in the coccygeal region.

What is scoliosis and how does it affect the spine?

Scoliosis is a condition where the spine has an abnormal curvature, visible from the front or back. This can lead to discomfort and impaired function.

What are the natural curves of the spine and why are they important?

The spine naturally has curves in the cervical, thoracic, lumbar, and sacral regions. These curves are essential for maintaining balance, absorbing shock, and allowing for proper movement.

What happens to the discs in the spine as we age?

As we age, the intervertebral discs lose water content, causing them to deteriorate. This can lead to the displacement of the inner gel-like substance, resulting in conditions such as herniated discs.

What is a herniated disc, and how can it affect the body?

A herniated disc occurs when the soft inner material of an intervertebral disc moves out of its normal position. This can press on surrounding nerves, causing pain, numbness, and weakness, often radiating to the limbs.

Why do we shrink slightly during the day?

During the day, the discs in the spine compress under the weight of gravity and physical activity, causing a small loss of height (typically 1-2 cm). At night, when the body is at rest, the discs rehydrate and restore their original height.

What are some precautions for maintaining spinal health at work?

To maintain spinal health, it's important to use ergonomic furniture, take regular breaks, and avoid improper lifting techniques, such as combining twisting with bending. Proper posture should also be maintained throughout the day.

What should you do if you experience early symptoms of a herniated disc?

If you notice early symptoms, such as back pain or leg pain, it’s important to seek professional advice from a healthcare provider. Conservative treatments like physical therapy and strengthening exercises may help prevent the need for surgery.