IP SUBNETTING lanjutan

Summary

This instructional video delves into advanced IP subnetting techniques, focusing on how to divide a given network into smaller subnets. The presenter explains how to calculate subnet masks and apply them to network topologies, using practical examples. Viewers learn to determine the number of subnets needed, adjust subnet masks accordingly, and allocate IP addresses effectively. Key topics include working with `/24` networks and the process of borrowing bits for subnet creation. The video also includes practical tasks, guiding learners through IP address distribution for multiple network configurations.

Takeaways

• 😀 Subnetting involves dividing a larger IP network into smaller sub-networks.
• 😀 The first step in subnetting is identifying how many subnets are needed based on the topology.
• 😀 To determine the subnet mask, use the formula 2^n ≥ required subnets, where 'n' is the number of bits to borrow.
• 😀 Example: For dividing a /24 network into 4 subnets, borrow 2 bits to get a new subnet mask of /26.
• 😀 The new network ranges for a /26 subnet mask in a 192.168.0.0/24 network are 192.168.0.0/26, 192.168.0.64/26, 192.168.0.128/26, and 192.168.0.192/26.
• 😀 The formula for subnetting ensures that the number of subnets meets or exceeds the required value (e.g., 2^3 ≥ 7 for 7 subnets).
• 😀 When borrowing 3 bits for 7 subnets from a /24 network, the new subnet mask becomes /27.
• 😀 With a /27 subnet mask, a network like 200.200.0.0/24 is divided into seven subnets: 200.200.0.0/27, 200.200.0.32/27, 200.200.0.64/27, and so on.
• 😀 The lesson also included practical assignments to practice subnetting with different network sizes and required subnets.
• 😀 Understanding and applying subnetting is crucial for network administrators to design efficient and scalable IP networks.

Q & A

What is subnetting, and why is it important in network design?

Subnetting is the process of dividing a larger IP network into smaller, more manageable sub-networks, called subnets. It allows for more efficient use of IP address space and helps in organizing network infrastructure for better security, performance, and easier management.

In the example provided, what IP address was given to divide into multiple subnets?

The IP address given in the example was 192.168.0.0/24.

How do you determine the number of subnets needed for a given network?

To determine the number of subnets, you need to assess the network's requirements. For instance, if the network requires 4 subnets, you calculate the smallest subnet mask that supports at least that many subnets by applying the formula 2^n, where n is the number of bits borrowed from the host portion of the IP address.

What formula is used to determine the new subnet mask when subnetting?

The formula used is 2^n ≥ number of required subnets. The value of n represents the number of bits needed to accommodate the required subnets. Then, you add n to the original subnet mask (e.g., /24) to get the new subnet mask.

In the example where 4 subnets are needed, what is the new subnet mask?

In this case, the original subnet mask is /24, and to create 4 subnets, you borrow 2 bits (since 2^2 = 4). The new subnet mask becomes /27.

What is the first subnet network address in the example where the IP address is 192.168.0.0/27?

The first subnet network address is 192.168.0.0/27.

How do you calculate the network addresses for subsequent subnets after determining the subnet mask?

After determining the subnet mask (e.g., /27), you increment the network address by the subnet size. For example, with a /27 mask, each subnet contains 32 IP addresses. The second subnet will start at 192.168.0.32, the third at 192.168.0.64, and so on.

What is the subnet range for the second subnet, starting from 192.168.0.0 with a /27 mask?

The second subnet would have the network address 192.168.0.32/27, with the range of IPs being from 192.168.0.32 to 192.168.0.63.

For an IP address of 200.200.0.0/24, how many subnets would you need to support 7 networks?

To support 7 networks, you would need at least 3 bits (since 2^3 = 8 subnets, which covers the requirement for 7 subnets). This would change the subnet mask from /24 to /27.

What is the purpose of calculating subnet sizes, and how does it affect network design?

Calculating subnet sizes is crucial for efficiently allocating IP address space. It ensures that each network has enough IP addresses for devices while avoiding wasted address space. It also allows for scalable and well-organized network designs.