Drama Kerajaan Majapahit: SMAN 3 Sukabumi X7

Summary

This video chronicles the rise and fall of the Majapahit Kingdom, one of Indonesia's largest Hindu-Buddhist empires. Founded by Raden Wijaya in 1293, Majapahit reached its zenith under the leadership of Gajah Mada, who expanded the empire's influence across the Nusantara region. However, internal power struggles, including the tragic deaths of key figures like Wijaya and Jayanegara, and conflicts such as the Bubat Incident, weakened the kingdom. By the 15th century, following a series of political intrigues and the weakening of royal authority, the Majapahit Empire eventually succumbed to attacks by the rising Islamic Kingdom of Demak, marking its collapse.

Takeaways

• 😀 Majapahit was the largest Hindu-Buddhist kingdom in Indonesia, established in the 13th century and lasting until the 16th century.
• 😀 The kingdom was founded by Raden Wijaya in 1293, who was the son-in-law of King Kertanegara of Singasari.
• 😀 The name 'Majapahit' was inspired by the bitter taste of the maja fruit, which Raden Wijaya encountered during his journey to find land for the kingdom.
• 😀 Raden Wijaya's reign saw internal strife, including a rebellion by his own officials, Ranggalawe and Lembu Sora, which led to his death in 1399.
• 😀 After Raden Wijaya's death, Jayanegara ascended the throne but was assassinated in 1328 by a trusted healer named Tabib Tanca.
• 😀 Following Jayanegara’s death, Tribuana Tunggadewi, his cousin, took the throne and faced numerous uprisings, including those in Sadeng and Kuti, which were successfully suppressed by Gajah Mada.
• 😀 Gajah Mada, appointed as Patih, vowed to conquer the entire archipelago with the famous 'Sumpah Palapa' oath, emphasizing the expansion of Majapahit's power.
• 😀 Gajah Mada's efforts led to the conquest of Bali in 1343, and he continued to expand Majapahit's influence across the region during the reign of Hayam Wuruk.
• 😀 A significant event during Hayam Wuruk's reign was the Bubat incident, where a political marriage proposal to the Sunda Kingdom led to a violent conflict and the death of the Sunda princess.
• 😀 The death of Gajah Mada and the later death of Hayam Wuruk led to a weakened Majapahit, with infighting and power struggles emerging within the royal family, particularly between Hayam Wuruk's son and his wife’s cousin, Wirabumi.
• 😀 The ongoing internal strife, culminating in the War of Regreg in 1404, weakened the kingdom, ultimately leading to its downfall, which was further accelerated by the rise of the Islamic Demak Sultanate.

Q & A

What was the Majapahit Kingdom, and when did it exist?

The Majapahit Kingdom was the largest Hindu-Buddhist kingdom in Indonesia, which existed from the 13th century to the 16th century.

Who founded the Majapahit Kingdom, and in what year?

The Majapahit Kingdom was founded by Raden Wijaya in 1293.

What is the significance of the name 'Majapahit'?

The name 'Majapahit' was inspired by a bitter fruit called 'maja' that was found in the land where the kingdom was established. Raden Wijaya chose the name due to the abundance of these bitter trees in the area.

How did Raden Wijaya come to power?

Raden Wijaya was a son-in-law of King Kertanegara of Singhasari. After the fall of Singhasari, he established Majapahit by defeating a rival group of warriors.

What internal conflict occurred within Majapahit during Raden Wijaya's reign?

Raden Wijaya faced a rebellion led by his own officials, Ranggalawe and Lembu Sora, who plotted to overthrow him. Eventually, Raden Wijaya was killed in 1399.

Who succeeded Raden Wijaya after his death?

Raden Wijaya was succeeded by his son-in-law, Jayanegara, who became the king of Majapahit.

How did Jayanegara meet his demise?

Jayanegara was assassinated by a royal physician, Tabib Panca, who had discovered Jayanegara's intrigue with the physician's wife. He was stabbed to death in his sleep in 1328.

Who took over after Jayanegara's death, and what challenges did they face?

After Jayanegara's death, his cousin, Tribhuwana Tunggadewi, took the throne. During her reign, there were several uprisings, including those in Sadeng and Kuti, which were successfully suppressed by Gajah Mada.

What was the significance of Gajah Mada in Majapahit's expansion?

Gajah Mada was appointed as Mahapatih (prime minister) and took an oath, known as the Palapa Oath, to not rest until he had united the entire Indonesian archipelago under Majapahit's rule. His leadership saw the expansion of the kingdom across Nusantara.

What was the 'Bubat Incident,' and why was it significant?

The Bubat Incident was a conflict between Majapahit and the Sunda Kingdom, triggered by Gajah Mada's attempt to force the Sunda king to accept Majapahit's sovereignty. The incident ended in a massacre, where the Sunda princess, Dewi Pitaloka, died, leading to a significant rift between the kingdoms.

What led to the decline of Majapahit?

Majapahit's decline was caused by internal conflicts, such as the rivalry between Wirabumi and Wardana, and external pressures, including invasions by the Islamic kingdom of Demak. The political instability and infighting weakened the kingdom, ultimately leading to its collapse in the early 16th century.

Who was responsible for the fall of Majapahit?

The fall of Majapahit was accelerated by the internal conflicts, particularly the struggle between Wirabumi and Wardana, and later by the attack of the Islamic kingdom of Demak, led by Raden Patah, which resulted in the kingdom's eventual destruction.