What is a referendum and how can it change Australia? | News glossary

Summary

This video explains the concept of referendums in Australia, emphasizing their crucial role in amending the Constitution. It outlines the representative democracy system, where citizens elect representatives, but any constitutional changes require a direct public vote. The challenging 'double majority' rule necessitates majority support from both the national electorate and a majority of states, contributing to the low success rate of referendums—only eight out of 44 have passed since Federation. With a humorous tone, the video encourages viewers to engage in upcoming votes and carefully consider the implications of potential changes.

Takeaways

• 😀 A referendum is a direct vote to change the Australian Constitution.
• 📜 The Constitution was established to limit government power and protect citizens.
• 🗳️ In Australia, citizens vote for representatives in a representative democracy.
• 💰 Conducting a referendum is costly and requires significant resources.
• ❌ Historically, referendums in Australia have a low success rate; only 8 out of 44 have passed.
• 📊 A successful referendum needs a 'double majority': a majority of voters nationwide and a majority of states.
• 🏛️ The double majority system prevents populous states from dominating decisions.
• 🚫 A few dissenting states can block a popular referendum, highlighting potential inequities in representation.
• 🔄 Changing the referendum process would require another referendum.
• 👽 The last Australian referendum was in 1999, regarding the transition to a republic, which failed.

Q & A

What is a referendum?

A referendum is a direct vote in which the electorate decides on a specific proposed change to legislation or the Constitution.

Why are referendums important in Australia?

Referendums are important because they allow the public to have a direct say in constitutional changes, ensuring that the government cannot unilaterally alter foundational laws.

What document outlines the rules for Australia's government?

The Constitution outlines the rules for Australia's government, detailing the powers and limitations of governmental authority.

What is the double majority requirement in Australian referendums?

The double majority requirement states that a referendum must receive a majority of votes from the overall electorate and must also achieve a majority of votes in a majority of the states.

How many referendums have been held in Australia since 1901?

Since 1901, Australia has held 44 referendums.

What was the last successful referendum in Australia?

The last successful referendum was in 1977; the last one held was in 1999 regarding whether Australia should become a republic, which failed.

What are the implications of a failed referendum?

A failed referendum means that the proposed changes to the Constitution do not take effect, which can prevent popular reforms from being enacted.

Why is the double majority rule significant?

The double majority rule is significant because it prevents populous states from dominating decisions, ensuring that smaller states also have a voice in constitutional matters.

What challenges do referendums face in gaining approval?

Referendums face challenges such as public awareness, political bias, and the complex voting requirements which often lead to a lack of majority support.

What recent issues might prompt future referendums in Australia?

Issues like the Indigenous Voice to Parliament and discussions about Australia becoming a republic could prompt future referendums.