APLIKASI TEKANAN PADA MAHKLUK HIDUP | TEKANAN ZAT

Summary

In this educational video, Mister Klik explains the concept of pressure in both plants and animals. Starting with plants, he describes how water and nutrients are transported via xylem and phloem through processes like osmosis, capillary action, and cohesion-adhesion. The video then shifts to animals, focusing on blood pressure and how the heart pumps blood, based on Pascal's law. It also covers gas exchange in human lungs through diffusion, comparing pressure principles in both plants and animals. Viewers are encouraged to subscribe for more educational content.

Takeaways

• 🌿 The concept of pressure applies to both plants and animals, affecting processes like water and nutrient transport in plants and blood circulation in animals.
• 🌱 In plants, water is absorbed by the root hairs and moves through the epidermis, cortex, endodermis, and pericycle before entering the xylem for transport.
• 💧 Water moves upward in plants due to capillarity, cohesion, and adhesion forces, helping it travel from roots to higher parts like leaves.
• 🍃 Transpiration (evaporation of water from leaves) creates a suction force that aids in drawing water upward through the plant's xylem.
• 🍂 Nutrients like sugars and amino acids produced in the leaves during photosynthesis are transported through the phloem to different parts of the plant with lower sugar concentrations.
• 💓 In humans and animals, blood circulation relies on pressure, where the heart pumps blood, creating a force that drives it through the blood vessels, similar to Pascal's law.
• 🩸 Blood pressure is crucial for maintaining circulation, and loss of blood can reduce pressure, affecting oxygen and nutrient delivery to cells.
• 📏 Blood pressure is measured using a device called a sphygmomanometer (also known as a tensimeter).
• 🌬️ In the respiratory system, the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide occurs in the alveoli via diffusion, where gases move from areas of high to low partial pressure.
• 🔄 The concept of partial pressure explains how oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged between the lungs and the bloodstream.

Q & A

What is the role of xylem in plants?

Xylem is a tubular tissue in plants responsible for transporting water and minerals from the roots to the stems and leaves.

How does water move from the roots to the leaves in tall plants?

Water moves through the xylem due to capillary action, which is influenced by cohesion between water molecules and adhesion between water and the xylem walls.

What are cohesion and adhesion, and how do they aid in water transport in plants?

Cohesion refers to the attraction between water molecules, while adhesion is the attraction between water molecules and the xylem walls. These forces help pull water upward through the plant.

What role does transpiration play in the movement of water in plants?

Transpiration, or the evaporation of water from the leaves, creates a 'suction force' that pulls water from the roots through the xylem to the leaves.

How are nutrients transported from the leaves to other parts of the plant?

Nutrients produced during photosynthesis, such as sugars and amino acids, are transported from the leaves to other parts of the plant through the phloem.

How is pressure involved in the human circulatory system?

In humans, blood pressure is created by the heart pumping blood through the blood vessels. This pressure, described by Pascal's law, allows blood to flow and deliver oxygen and nutrients to cells.

What happens when there is a loss of blood pressure in the human body?

When blood pressure drops, such as in the case of blood loss, cells may not receive enough oxygen and nutrients, which can lead to cell death.

How does the principle of partial pressure relate to respiration in humans?

In the lungs, oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange occurs through diffusion, driven by the partial pressure differences between the gases. Oxygen moves from areas of high partial pressure (air) to low partial pressure (blood).

What is the significance of partial pressure in gas exchange?

Partial pressure refers to the pressure exerted by an individual gas in a mixture of gases. It drives the diffusion of oxygen into the blood and carbon dioxide out during respiration.

What tools can be used to measure blood pressure in humans?

Blood pressure is typically measured using a sphygmomanometer or a more commonly known device called a tensimeter.

Outlines

00:00

🌱 Understanding Water and Nutrient Transport in Plants

In this section, the speaker introduces the concept of pressure in living organisms and poses questions about how this applies to plants and animals. It begins by exploring how water and nutrients are transported in plants, specifically through xylem and phloem. Water is absorbed by roots and transported upwards through xylem to the stem and leaves, thanks to capillary action, cohesion, and adhesion forces. The role of transpiration and photosynthesis in water movement is also highlighted. Viewers are encouraged to think about how tall plants can transport water over long distances, hinting at the role of pressure in this process.

05:06

🔬 Nutrient Transport and Pressure in Animals and Humans

This section discusses nutrient transport in plants, highlighting the role of phloem in moving sugars from leaves to other parts of the plant with lower sugar concentrations. It then shifts to pressure systems in animals and humans, focusing on blood circulation and gas exchange in respiration. The heart creates pressure to pump blood through the circulatory system, following Pascal’s Law, while diffusion drives gas exchange in the lungs. Concepts like partial pressure and diffusion are introduced to explain oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange. This comparison reinforces how pressure systems are crucial in both plants and animals.

Keywords

💡Tekanan zat

Tekanan zat refers to the force exerted by substances, such as liquids or gases, within a given system. In the video, this concept is explored in relation to how pressure plays a role in biological systems like plants, animals, and humans. For example, the video explains how pressure helps transport water in plants and regulates blood flow in humans.

💡Xilem

Xilem is a plant tissue responsible for transporting water and minerals from the roots to other parts of the plant. The video discusses how xilem uses cohesion and adhesion forces to move water upwards against gravity, illustrating its crucial role in plant survival.

💡Floem

Floem is another type of vascular tissue in plants that transports nutrients, particularly sugars produced by photosynthesis, from the leaves to other parts of the plant. The video highlights how floem distributes essential nutrients, ensuring all parts of the plant receive the resources needed for growth.

💡Kohesi

Kohesi refers to the attraction between molecules of the same substance. In the video, this concept is applied to water molecules in plants, where the cohesive forces between water molecules help transport water through the xilem, allowing it to move upwards from the roots to the leaves.

💡Adhesi

Adhesi is the attraction between molecules of different substances. In plants, this force helps water molecules stick to the walls of xilem vessels. The video explains how adhesion, alongside cohesion, enables water to travel through the plant's vascular system.

💡Daya kapilaritas

Daya kapilaritas, or capillarity, is the ability of liquid to flow in narrow spaces without external forces like gravity. The video describes how capillarity in plant stems, aided by adhesion and cohesion, enables the upward movement of water from roots to leaves.

💡Transpirasi

Transpirasi refers to the evaporation of water from plant leaves, creating a pulling force that helps draw water up through the xilem. The video explains that transpiration plays a key role in the water cycle within plants, assisting in water transport to support photosynthesis.

💡Tekanan darah

Tekanan darah is the force exerted by circulating blood on the walls of blood vessels. The video compares this to Pascal’s law, explaining how blood pressure ensures the continuous flow of blood to all parts of the human body, and how disruptions can lead to health issues.

💡Difusi

Difusi is the process by which molecules move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. In the video, diffusion is discussed in the context of gas exchange in human lungs, where oxygen and carbon dioxide diffuse across alveoli during respiration.

💡Tekanan parsial

Tekanan parsial refers to the pressure exerted by an individual gas in a mixture of gases. The video mentions partial pressure in the context of oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange in the lungs, explaining how gases move between the lungs and blood based on differences in partial pressures.

Highlights

Introduction to pressure concepts in living organisms, with a focus on plants and how pressure is involved in nutrient and water transportation.

Explanation of water and nutrient transport in plants using xylem and phloem, emphasizing their respective roles in moving water from roots to leaves and nutrients from leaves to other parts of the plant.

Discussion on the mechanisms behind how tall plants can transport water from roots to leaves more than 10 meters above ground.

Introduction of the concept of capillarity in plant stems, which is influenced by cohesion and adhesion forces, allowing water to move upward through xylem vessels.

Definition of cohesion as the tendency of water molecules to bond with other water molecules, and adhesion as the tendency of water to bond with different molecules, such as xylem walls.

Explanation of how transpiration in leaves creates a pull or suction force, known as the 'leaf suction,' that draws water upward through the plant's xylem.

Overview of the transport of nutrients, particularly sugars and amino acids, through the phloem from leaves to other parts of the plant via diffusion.

Introduction to the concept of pressure in human systems, starting with blood pressure in the circulatory system, and how it operates similarly to Pascal's law of fluid pressure.

Explanation of how blood pressure is maintained by the heart's pumping action and the necessity for blood vessels to be full for proper pressure and circulation.

Description of what happens when blood pressure is lost, such as in cases of bleeding or illness, and the resulting lack of oxygen and nutrients to body cells.

Introduction to the measurement of blood pressure using a sphygmomanometer (or tensimeter), as a means to monitor circulatory health.

Explanation of gas exchange in the lungs through the alveoli, where oxygen and carbon dioxide diffuse between the blood and the air based on pressure gradients.

Definition of partial pressure and its role in the diffusion of gases like oxygen and carbon dioxide during respiration.

Conclusion that pressure concepts are vital in various physiological processes, not only in plants but also in humans and animals.

Encouragement to subscribe, like, and share the channel for more educational videos and updates.

Transcripts

Halo Halo sobat semua kembali bersama Mister klik  Setelah kalian melihat beberapa video tentang  

tekanan bisa Klik ada pertanyaan nih Apakah konsep  tekanan zat yang telah kamu pelajari juga terdapat  

pada makhluk hidup tentu konsep tekanan zat  juga terdapat pada makhluk hidup misalnya  

pada mekanisme pengangkutan air dan nutrisi pada  tumbuhan nah itu yang ada pada tumbuhan Apakah  

juga berlaku di manusia atau hewan penasaran bukan  yuk simak video berikut ini jangan lupa subscribe  

channel Mister klik agar rekan-rekan mendapatkan  update video pembelajaran tutorial dan sekilas  

tentang perkembangan dunia pendidikan let's  go hai pertama kita akan membahas pengangkutan  

air dan nutrisi pada tumbuhan Masih ingatkah  kalian berkas pengangkut pada tumbuhan benar  

sekali ada xilem dan floem xilem adalah jaringan  tumbuhan yang berbentuk tabung yang berperan dalam  

sistem pengangkutan air dan mineral dari dalam  tanah yang diserap oleh akar kemudian diangkut  

melalui xilem ke bagian batang dan daun tumbuhan  zat makanan yang dibuat daun akan diangkut oleh  

floem ke bagian lain Jadi ke bagian tumbuhan yang  memerlukan zat makanan Lalu bagaimana mekanisme  

pengangkutan air mineral ataupun nutrisi tersebut  sebelum kamu pelajari lebih dalam coba diskusikan  

ini terlebih dahulu Bagaimana tumbuhan yang  tinggi dapat mengangkut air yang ada di dalam  

tanah menuju ke daun yang misalnya letaknya lebih  dari 10 m dari akar Apakah ada yang mendorong  

kau ada yang menghisap atau mengalir sendiri  kenapa mengalir pasti ada yang menekan kalau  

begitu pasti ada tekanan dong ya yuk kita selidiki  Jadi yang pertama kita akan coba membahas tentang  

pengangkutan air pada tumbuhan mekanisme yang  pertama air itu diserap oleh rambut-rambut akar  

kemudian secara prosesnya air akan masuk melalui  sel epidermis secara osmosis kemudian air akan  

dilanjutkan ke konteks trustee endodermis dan  perisikel baru bisa masuk ke jaringan xilem yang  

ada di akar Setelah tiba di xilem akar air akan  bergerak ke xilem batang dan xilem daun tumbuhan  

tidak mempunyai mekanisme pemompaan cairan seperti  pada jantung manusia lalu Bagaimanakah air dapat  

naik dari akar ke bagian tumbuhan lain yang lebih  tinggi air dapat diangkut dicari akar ke bagian  

tumbuhan yang lebih tinggi dan diedarkan ke  seluruh tubuh tumbuhan karena adanya daya  

kapilaritas batang nah gaya kapilaritas batang  itu dipengaruhi oleh adanya gaya kohesi dan  

adhesi Apa itu kohesi Apa itu kdc kohesi merupakan  kecenderungan suatu molekul yang dapat berikatan  

dengan molekul lain yang sejenis adhesi itu adalah  kecenderungan suatu molekul untuk dapat berikatan  

dengan molekul lain yang tidak sejenis melalui  gaya adhesi molekul air membentuk sebuah ikatan  

yang lemah nih dengan pembuluh dinding xilem  ataupun floem melalui gaya kohesi akan terjadi  

ikatan antara satu molekul air dengan molekul  air lainnya Hal ini yang menyebabkan terjadinya  

tarik-menarik antara molekul air yang satu dengan  molekul air lainnya di sepanjang pembuluh xilem  

tentunya Selain itu naik air ke daun disebabkan  oleh penggunaan air di bagian daun yang disebut  

dengan daya isap daun di sini Air dimanfaatkan  oleh tumbuhan dalam proses fotosintesis pada daun  

air juga mengalami Penguapan yang penguapan air  sering disebut juga dengan transpirasi penggunaan  

air oleh bagian daun akan menyebabkan terjadinya  tarikan terhadap air yang berada pada bagian xilem  

sehingga air yang ada pada akar dapat naik ke  daun pasti penasaran setelah kita ambil air dari  

akar ke daun Bagaimana pengangkutan nutrisinya  dari daun ke seluruh tubuh tumbuhan semua bagian  

tumbuhan yaitu akar batang daun ataupun bagian  lainnya itu memerlukan nutrisi semuanya agar  

kebutuhan nutrisi disetiap bagian terpenuhi maka  dibutuhkan suatu proses pengangkutan nutrisi hasil  

fotosintesis yang berupa gula dan asam amino ke  seluruh tumbuhan pengangkutan hasil fotosintesis  

dari daun ke seluruh tubuh tumbuhan terjadi  pada pembuluh floem yang mekanismenya begini  

sarana pengangkutan zat-zat hasil fotosintesis itu  dimulai dari sumbernya yaitu daun yang memiliki  

konsentrasi gula yang tinggi kemudian akan  disebarkan ke bagian tanaman lain yang memiliki  

konsentrasi gula itu lebih rendah sehingga ada  aliran hole dari nutrisi disitu aliran nutrisi  

yang dimulai dari daun itu dibantu oleh sirkulasi  air yang mengalir melalui pembuluh xilem dan floem  

nah itu yang terjadi atau pengangkutan nutrisi  di bagian tubuh bumi ban Bagaimana dengan manusia  

ataupun hewan yang pertama kalau di manusia  ataupun hewan itu prinsip tekanan akan bekerja  

pada tekanan darah pada sistem peredaran darah  manusia tekanan yang terdapat pada pembuluh darah  

memiliki prinsip kerja seperti hukum Pascal hal  ini tekanan pada pembuluh darah merupakan tekanan  

yang berada pada ruang tertutup pada saat jantung  memompa darah darah akan mendapatkan dorongan  

sehingga mengalir melalui pembuluh darah saat  mengalir dalam pembuluh darah darah memberikan  

dorongan pada dinding Pembuluh darah yang disebut  dengan tekanan darah agar tekanan darah tetap  

terjaga maka pembuluh darah harus terisi penuh  oleh darah bila terjadi kehilangan darah seperti  

akibat kecelakaan ataupun penyakit tekanan  darah dapat hilang rusak sehingga darah tidak  

dapat mengalir menuju sel-sel di seluruh tubuh  akibatnya sel-sel tubuh akan mati karena tidak  

mendapatkan pasokan oksigen ataupun nutrisi nah  tekanan darah ini dapat diukur menggunakan alat  

yang dinamakan Pino manometer atau secara lebih  mudahnya sering disebut juga dengan tensimeter  

Nah itu adalah proses sistem peredaran  darah hah aja berdasarkan prinsip tekanan  

selanjutnya itu adalah tekanan gas pada proses  pernapasan manusia di dalam paru-paru terdapat  

alveolus terjadi pertukaran antara oksigen dan  karbondioksida bahkan setiap menit paru-paru  

itu dapat menyerap sekitar 200 ml oksigen dan  mengeluarkan sebanyak 200 ml karbondioksida proses  

pertukaran antara oksigen dan karbondioksida itu  terjadi secara difusi nah difusi itu merupakan  

proses perpindahan zat terlarut dari daerah yang  memiliki konsentrasi dan parsial tinggi ke daerah  

yang memiliki konsentrasi dan tekanan parsial  rendah nah Apa itu tekanan parsial tekanan parsial  

adalah tekanan yang diberikan oleh gas tertentu  dalam campuran gas tersebut disini campurannya  

yaitu ya oksigen dan darah tentunya kita tahu ya  tadi Berarti prinsip-prinsip tekanan itu bekerja  

di dasar organ ataupun sistem organ baik di  tumbuhan ataupun manusia dan hewan berikut  

adalah ulasan tentang konsep tekanan pada  makhluk hidup Semoga menambah pemahaman bagi  

sahabat semua bagi sobat semua yang membutuhkan  resume dapat mendownload di kolom deskripsi ya  

Dan apabila sudah ada menyebabkan Twitter  klik jangan lupa like dan share dan jangan  

lupa juga subscribe channel Mister klik semoga  video ini bermanfaat terima kasih dada Hi Ho