Part 1 - How to Write the Review of Related Literature

Summary

In this video, Dr. Edward Padme discusses how to write the review of related literature and studies in a research paper. He explains the distinction between 'literature' (books, newspapers, magazines) and 'studies' (previous research), and outlines the four-step process for writing a literature review: Survey, Synthesis, Analysis, and Presentation (SSAP). The focus is on reading relevant materials, combining ideas from the research and references, and synthesizing insights to build the foundation of the study. Dr. Padme emphasizes the importance of properly citing sources and connecting them to the research's objectives.

Takeaways

• 📘 The video focuses on how to write the 'Review of Related Literature and Studies' in a research paper.
• 📚 'Literature' includes textbooks, newspapers, magazines, journals, and manuals relevant to the research topic.
• 📖 'Studies' refer to previous research conducted that is related to the current research being written.
• 📝 The writing process is summarized into four stages: Survey, Synthesis, Analysis, and Presentation (SSAP).
• 🔍 The first stage, 'Survey,' emphasizes reading extensively to establish the relevance of materials to the research.
• 🔗 The second stage, 'Synthesis,' involves combining the research’s objective with the ideas found in reference materials.
• 💡 In the 'Synthesis' stage, citations from references are followed by an inference explaining how the reference supports the research.
• 📜 Citation format typically includes the author's name, year, and the relevant idea from the reference.
• 🧐 'Synthesis' solidifies the foundation of the research by showing a clear connection between the reference and the research.
• 🎥 The video is part one, and viewers are encouraged to watch the next video for further guidance.

Q & A

What is the main topic of the video?

The main topic of the video is how to write the review of related literature and studies in a research paper.

What does the speaker mean by 'literature' in the context of a review of related literature?

In the context of a review of related literature, 'literature' refers to sources like textbooks, newspapers, magazines, journals, and manuals that are relevant to the research being conducted.

How does the speaker define 'studies' in relation to literature?

'Studies' refer to previous research conducted by others that is relevant to the current research being done by the writer.

What is the acronym SSAP used for in the video?

SSAP stands for Survey, Synthesis, Analysis, and Presentation, which are the key stages in writing the review of related literature and studies.

What is the first step in writing the review of related literature and studies?

The first step is 'Survey,' which involves reading various sources to determine their relevance to the research being conducted.

Why is it important to read multiple materials in the survey stage?

It is important to read multiple materials to establish whether they are genuinely related and relevant to the research, allowing for a thorough understanding of the topic.

What does the synthesis stage involve?

The synthesis stage involves combining two ideas: the objective of the research and the ideas from the reference materials, to establish their connection and relevance to the research.

At what point in the review process does writing begin, according to the video?

Writing begins during the synthesis stage, where the writer starts citing references and discussing the relevance of the ideas contained within the reference materials.

What pattern does the speaker suggest following when writing the review of related literature and studies?

The speaker suggests following a pattern of citation and synthesis, where the writer first cites the reference, then discusses the inference and relevance to their research.

What does the speaker suggest doing after citing a reference?

After citing a reference, the speaker suggests discussing the inference or new idea that arises from the reference, establishing its relevance to the research.

Outlines

00:00

📚 Introduction to Literature Review

In this opening segment, Dr. Edward Padme introduces the topic of writing a literature review in a research paper. He clarifies that the review of related literature and studies, or the 'literature preview,' distinguishes between two components: 'literature,' which includes sources like textbooks, newspapers, and magazines, and 'studies,' which refer to previous research on the topic. The main objectives of the review are summarized into four key aspects represented by the acronym SSAP: Survey, Synthesis, Analysis, and Presentation. Dr. Padme emphasizes the importance of understanding these components to effectively write the literature review.

05:02

🧐 Step 1: Surveying the Literature

Dr. Padme dives into the first stage of the literature review process: Survey. He stresses that the foundation of writing a solid review lies in reading thoroughly and extensively. Researchers must survey relevant materials, including literature and studies, and evaluate their connection to the research at hand. The act of reading diligently is key to ensuring that the sources chosen genuinely contribute to the research.

🧠 Step 2: Synthesizing Ideas

The second stage, Synthesis, involves combining ideas from both the research and the references. Dr. Padme explains that synthesizing is the process of connecting the researcher’s objectives with the ideas presented in the literature. By merging these two, the researcher builds a solid argument for why their research is necessary. This step solidifies the foundation of the review, allowing the researcher to present a comprehensive understanding of existing knowledge.

✍️ Applying Survey and Synthesis

In this section, Dr. Padme recaps the Survey and Synthesis stages. During the Survey stage, researchers read materials relevant to their research. Then, in the Synthesis stage, they begin writing by citing the references and discussing the conclusions drawn from these references. By synthesizing, the researcher creates new insights and links between their research and the existing literature. This step ensures that the references are relevant and support the argument the researcher is making.

🎬 Conclusion and Next Steps

In the closing segment, Dr. Padme encourages viewers to pay attention to the pattern of citation and synthesis while writing their literature review. He thanks viewers for following the discussion on writing research papers and teases the next video, which will continue exploring the literature review process. He signs off by reminding viewers to like and subscribe.

Keywords

💡Review of Related Literature and Studies

This refers to a section of a research paper that examines existing literature and research studies related to the topic being investigated. In the video, the speaker explains that this part combines both 'literature' (books, journals, etc.) and 'studies' (previous research) to establish context and relevance for the current research. This forms a foundational part of any research paper.

💡Literature

In the context of the video, literature includes various written sources such as textbooks, magazines, journals, and manuals that provide relevant information to support the research. The speaker differentiates it from studies by explaining that literature serves as a source of background knowledge for the research.

💡Studies

Studies refer to previous research works or empirical investigations that are directly related to the current research. The speaker emphasizes that studies are essential in providing evidence and supporting claims in a research paper by connecting findings from previous investigations to the current topic.

💡Survey

Survey refers to the first step in writing a review of related literature and studies, which involves reading extensively to identify relevant materials. The speaker highlights that this step is critical for determining the connection between the chosen literature and the research topic, emphasizing the need for 'read, read, and read.'

💡Synthesis

Synthesis is the process of combining ideas from both the research being conducted and the materials reviewed to form new insights or establish relevance. According to the speaker, synthesis is essential in connecting the reference material to the current research, showing how it supports or informs the research objective.

💡Analysis

Analysis, although not elaborated in great detail in this part of the video, is implied as the critical evaluation and breakdown of the collected literature and studies to understand their significance. It forms part of the broader framework for writing the review of literature, which includes survey, synthesis, and presentation.

💡Presentation

Presentation refers to the final step in the process of writing the review of related literature and studies, where the writer organizes and presents the synthesized information in a clear, coherent manner. The speaker includes it as part of the four essential elements (survey, synthesis, analysis, and presentation) in crafting a comprehensive literature review.

💡Citation

Citation is the practice of acknowledging the sources used in the literature review by including the author's name, year of publication, and other relevant details. The speaker emphasizes the importance of citing references correctly, which provides the basis for synthesis and demonstrates the relevance of each source to the research.

💡Relevance

Relevance refers to how closely the literature or studies reviewed are related to the current research topic. The speaker underscores the importance of ensuring that the materials surveyed and synthesized are directly connected to the research objective, as this establishes the value of the literature review in supporting the research.

💡Research Objective

The research objective is the goal or purpose of the research that guides the selection of literature and studies to be reviewed. The speaker notes that the process of synthesis is centered around connecting the research objective with the ideas found in the literature, ensuring that the review supports the overall aim of the research.

Highlights

Introduction to the topic of writing a research paper, specifically focusing on the 'Review of Related Literature and Studies'.

Clarification on the difference between 'literature' and 'studies' in the context of the review. Literature refers to materials like textbooks, journals, and magazines, while studies refer to previous research.

The review of related literature and studies can be summarized into four objectives: Survey, Synthesis, Analysis, and Presentation, abbreviated as SSAP.

First stage: Survey. Writers must read extensively to gather materials that are genuinely relevant to their research.

Second stage: Synthesis. This involves combining the ideas in your research with the ideas in your reference materials to establish relevance.

The synthesis process involves citing the references (author, year, and idea) and then writing the inference or conclusion from that reference.

Writers need to establish a pattern of citation and synthesis throughout the review of related literature and studies.

In the survey phase, focus on reading various sources (books, journals, newspapers) to determine their relevance to your study.

In the synthesis phase, discuss the ideas from the references and how they connect to the research being conducted.

Emphasizes that citation includes both quoting the reference and then synthesizing the information into new insights or supporting the argument of your research.

Writers should combine the content from their own research with the content from the reference to build a stronger foundation for their research.

Review of related literature and studies is critical for grounding research in existing knowledge and identifying the gap that the new research will address.

The importance of balancing both stages, survey and synthesis, to create a thorough and insightful review of related literature.

Encouragement for writers to continuously follow discussions on research writing.

Conclusion: Invitation to watch the next part of the video series on writing research papers.

Transcripts

[Music]

hello welcome back this is dr. Edward

Padme and we have been discussing topics

on how to write different parts of your

research paper

so this time we are going to discuss

review of related literature and studies

or otherwise known as literature preview

okay I would like to point out at this

juncture of the discussion that what we

are using on this part of the research

is entitled preview of related

literature and studies so with this I

would like to establish the difference

between literature and studies so

literature includes textbooks newspapers

magazines journals manuals that is

relevant to the research being written

while studies include previous

researchers done relevant to the

research being conducted by the writer

to facilitate the discussion on how to

write the review of related literature

and studies we can summarize the

discussion into four parts and into four

letters these are SS a P again s s a P

which represents survey synthesis

analysis and presentation again the

objectives of writing the review of

relief that literature and studies can

be summarized into four parts which are

survey synthesis analysis and

presentation

now that we have established the

objectives of writing the review of

related literature and studies we are

now going to go to the first stage which

is survey so before any writing can be

done we need to as writers read read and

read this is how we serve it this is how

we establish the relevance of the

materials that we are going to use if

they are genuinely related and relevant

to the research that we are creating or

writing so whether it is literature or

studies or researches or journals

manuals newspapers magazines in order to

establish this connection or the

connection of the content that we are

reading to our research we really need

to religiously read the contents and

ideas behind the literature that we are

going to use the second stage of writing

the review of related literature and

studies is synthesis synthesis so this

is the combination of two ideas in this

case the idea of contained in the

research that you are doing the

objective of your research what you want

to establish in your research and other

part would be the idea behind the

reference that you are using

establishing the connection and the

relevance of these two ideas would

solidify the foundation of

research in the area or in the aspect of

the argument that there is really a need

to conduct the research before we

proceed in review we have already

discussed two areas on how to write the

review of related literature and studies

so number one is to survey to read read

and read and the other one is to

synthesize to combine these two ideas

referring to the idea contained within

your research and idea contained within

the reference so if you are going to

observe in the first stage which is

survey you go through the materials that

you find relevant to the research that

you are doing while on the second stage

which is synthesis this is the time that

you are going to start writing not only

coding the references that you use but

also discussing what idea what thesis

that you have arrived at while reading

the reference material so usually what

we do when writing the review of related

literature and studies is to cite the

reference so this would include the name

of the author the year if it is included

in the format that you are using and

then the idea contained in this

reference and then after the citation

that's the time that you are going to

write the inference that you have

arrived in reading this particular idea

from the reference that you can so this

is called the synthesis

so this is where you arrive at a new

idea or establishing the relevance of

the reference to the research that you

are doing so again if I may I would like

you to observe while writing the pattern

of citation and synthesis in your

research paper again I would like to

thank you for continuously following the

discussions on how to write your

research as a whole and I hope that I

will see you again on the second part of

this video on how to write the review of

related literature and studies see you

on the next video and please don't

forget to click and subscribe bye