09. KHT - Ekosistem Repong Damar - Aspek Fisik, Kimia, dan Karbon Damar

Video Pembelajaran FP Unila
23 Aug 202216:49

Summary

TLDRThe script discusses the physical and chemical aspects of the 'Damar Mata Kucing' tree, focusing on its ecological importance. It covers the tree's structure, function, and formation process. The script also analyzes the wood's physical properties, such as weight and strength, and how these properties differ between damaged and undamaged wood. Additionally, it explores the chemical composition and carbon absorption capabilities of the tree, emphasizing its role in mitigating greenhouse gas effects.

Takeaways

  • 🌲 The script discusses the physical and chemical aspects of the 'Dammar Mata Kucing' tree resin, highlighting its ecological importance.
  • 🔍 The script mentions the use of recycled 'Dammar Mata Kucing' wood for various purposes, aiming to utilize non-productive wood.
  • 📊 Data is presented on the physical properties of recycled 'Dammar Mata Kucing' wood, including weight, strength, and elasticity, compared to non-recycled wood.
  • 📉 The presence or absence of 'sadap' (a type of wood-boring insect) affects the wood's strength and quality over time.
  • 🏗️ 'Dammar Mata Kucing' wood, both recycled and non-recycled, is suitable for construction, furniture, and craftwork.
  • 🧪 The chemical composition of 'Dammar Mata Kucing' is analyzed, including its solubility in various solvents and its melting point.
  • 🔥 'Dammar Mata Kucing' is noted to be heat-sensitive, with a melting point ranging from 95°C to 110°C.
  • 🌿 The script explains the carbon absorption potential of 'Dammar Mata Kucing' forests, contributing to carbon sequestration.
  • 🌱 Factors affecting carbon absorption in terrestrial ecosystems are discussed, such as vegetation, location conditions, and management.
  • 🔍 The script also covers the chemical analysis of 'Dammar Mata Kucing' using infrared spectroscopy and pyrolysis GC-MS, revealing its complex chemical composition.

Q & A

  • What is the main topic of the lecture?

    -The main topic of the lecture is the physical and chemical aspects of the rubber from the 'Damar Mata Kucing' tree, including its structure, function, and formation process.

  • What is the purpose of discussing the physical properties of 'Damar Mata Kucing'?

    -The purpose is to understand how to utilize waste wood from the 'Damar Mata Kucing' tree that is no longer productive.

  • What is the average density of 'Damar Mata Kucing' wood?

    -The average density of 'Damar Mata Kucing' wood is 0.52 g/cm³ for both decayed and non-decayed wood.

  • What is the average maximum bending strength of 'Damar Mata Kucing' wood?

    -The average maximum bending strength (M.O.R) of decayed 'Damar Mata Kucing' wood is 409.59 kg/cm³, and for non-decayed wood, it is 5.5 ratus 37.6 kg/cm³.

  • How does decay affect the physical properties of 'Damar Mata Kucing' wood?

    -Decay reduces the strength of the wood, but it is still considered good for construction and various other uses.

  • What are the chemical characteristics of 'Damar Mata Kucing' rubber?

    -The chemical characteristics include solubility in toluene, benzene, and chloroform, but not in ether, carbon disulfide, or kerosene. It is also not resistant to heat and can melt at temperatures between 95°C and 110°C.

  • What is the significance of the infrared spectroscopy test mentioned in the script?

    -The infrared spectroscopy test reveals the presence of functional groups in 'Damar Mata Kucing' rubber, such as alkyl, carbonyl, and hydroxyl groups.

  • How is 'Damar Mata Kucing' rubber used as a whitening agent?

    -It is used in emulsion form to minimize the density difference between droplets and the water phase, preventing separation between water and oil.

  • What are the three main chemical compounds found in 'Damar Mata Kucing'?

    -The three main chemical compounds are Ester, resin acid, and resin alcohol.

  • How does 'Damar Mata Kucing' contribute to carbon absorption?

    -It can absorb carbon, contributing to reducing the greenhouse effect, with a significant carbon absorption potential in both Pekan and Pamongan.

  • What are the factors that influence carbon absorption in terrestrial ecosystems according to the script?

    -The factors include vegetation composition, location conditions, and management practices.

Outlines

00:00

🌲 Physical and Chemical Aspects of Cat's Eye Damar

The script discusses the physical and chemical properties of cat's eye damar, a resin used in various applications. It mentions a course on ecology where students learn about the structure and function of damar, as well as its formation process. The script also talks about the physical properties of used cat's eye damar wood, aiming to utilize unproductive wood. It provides data on the average weight, maximum bending strength, and modulus of elasticity of the wood with and without resin. The presence of resin is noted to reduce the wood's strength but is beneficial in other ways, such as maintaining the wood's quality over time. Various uses of cat's eye damar wood are highlighted, including construction, furniture making, and crafting.

05:03

🔬 Chemical Composition and Properties of Damar

This section delves into the chemical composition and properties of damar. It explains that damar is generally fragile and prone to breaking, and it becomes sticky at room temperature. The melting point of damar is noted to be between 95°C and 110°C. Damar is soluble in certain solvents like toluene, benzene, and chloroform but not in others like carbon disulfide, kerosene, and alkalis. The script also mentions that damar is not heat-resistant and its properties, including color, change with heat. The chemical properties are further explored through infrared spectroscopy and pyrolysis GC-MS, revealing various functional groups and chemical compounds present in damar. Damar's potential use as a whitening agent in emulsions is also discussed, highlighting its ability to reduce the separation between water and oil phases.

10:05

🌿 Carbon Sequestration by Cat's Eye Damar Ecosystem

The script addresses the role of cat's eye damar in carbon sequestration, explaining that the damar ecosystem can absorb significant amounts of carbon. It mentions that the potential for carbon absorption varies depending on factors such as vegetation, location, and management. The script provides specific figures for carbon absorption and storage in biomass. It also discusses how deforestation and wood harvesting practices can impact carbon storage, emphasizing the importance of sustainable management to maintain carbon reserves. Techniques for reducing carbon loss through sustainable harvesting are suggested.

15:06

🌱 Sustainable Harvesting Techniques for Carbon Conservation

The final paragraph focuses on sustainable harvesting techniques to conserve carbon. It suggests that not all trees should be harvested at once to prevent the loss of carbon that has been absorbed. The script implies that leaving some biomass can help maintain carbon storage. It concludes with a religious greeting, indicating the cultural context of the discussion.

Mindmap

Keywords

💡Ecology

Ecology is the branch of biology that studies the interactions among organisms and their environment. In the context of the video, ecology is relevant as it likely discusses the role of 'Damar mata kucing' (a type of tree) in its ecosystem, including its contribution to carbon absorption and its role in the forest's health.

💡Carbon Sequestration

Carbon sequestration refers to the process by which carbon dioxide is removed from the atmosphere and stored in ecosystems. The video seems to discuss how 'Damar mata kucing' contributes to this process, highlighting its importance in combating climate change by absorbing carbon.

💡Physical Properties

Physical properties are the characteristics of a material that can be observed or measured without changing the material's composition. The script mentions discussing the physical properties of 'Damar mata kucing,' such as its weight, strength, and elasticity, which are crucial for understanding its utility in construction and other applications.

💡Chemical Properties

Chemical properties are characteristics that can be observed during or after a chemical reaction. The video discusses the chemical properties of 'Damar mata kucing,' including its solubility in certain solvents and its resistance to heat, which are key to understanding its behavior and potential applications.

💡Resin

Resin is a sticky substance produced by many plants, particularly conifers. In the video, 'Damar mata kucing' is mentioned to produce resin, which has various applications such as a whitening agent and in the creation of emulsions, indicating its economic value.

💡Infrared Spectroscopy

Infrared spectroscopy is an analytical technique used to identify and study chemicals by examining the specific frequencies absorbed by a molecule, which are unique to its structure. The script refers to the use of infrared spectroscopy to analyze the functional groups present in 'Damar mata kucing,' providing insights into its chemical composition.

💡Pyrolysis GC-MS

Pyrolysis gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) is a technique in which chemical compounds are broken down by heat and then analyzed by GC-MS. The video mentions using this method to identify the chemical compounds in 'Damar mata kucing,' which helps in understanding its composition and potential uses.

💡Emulsion

An emulsion is a mixture of two liquids that are normally immiscible, such as water and oil. The video discusses the use of 'Damar mata kucing' resin in creating emulsions, which can stabilize the mixture and prevent separation, demonstrating its utility in industrial applications.

💡Vegetation

Vegetation refers to the total plant life of a particular area or habitat. The script mentions vegetation as a factor influencing carbon sequestration, emphasizing the role of 'Damar mata kucing' and other plants in capturing carbon from the atmosphere.

💡Land Management

Land management involves the oversight and conservation of land resources, including forests. The video touches on how land management practices can affect carbon sequestration, suggesting that sustainable practices can enhance the role of 'Damar mata kucing' forests in combating climate change.

💡Deforestation

Deforestation is the removal of trees and forests, often for agricultural or development purposes. The script warns of the impact of deforestation on carbon sequestration, indicating that it not only reduces the immediate carbon-absorbing capacity of 'Damar mata kucing' forests but also releases stored carbon back into the atmosphere.

Highlights

Introduction to the physical and chemical aspects of carbon, specifically focusing on the 'Damar Mata Kucing' (CpMK) in the context of ecological studies.

Exploration of the physical properties, chemical aspects, and carbon sequestration potential of 'Damar Mata Kucing'.

Utilization of non-productive 'Damar Mata Kucing' wood to enhance its value.

Data on the average weight and maximum bending strength of 'Damar Mata Kucing' wood, both with and without defects.

Differences in wood quality due to the presence or absence of 'sadapan' (resin channels) and their impact on the wood's strength.

The physical properties of 'Damar Mata Kucing' wood, including its brittleness, ease of breaking, and adhesiveness.

Chemical analysis of 'Damar Mata Kucing', including its solubility in various solvents and resistance to heat.

The chemical composition of 'Damar Mata Kucing' as revealed by infrared spectroscopy and pyrolysis GC-MS.

Potential applications of 'Damar Mata Kucing' as a whitening agent and in emulsion form.

The role of 'Damar Mata Kucing' in carbon sequestration and its potential to mitigate greenhouse gas effects.

Factors influencing carbon sequestration in terrestrial ecosystems, including vegetation, location conditions, and management.

The impact of deforestation and wood decomposition on carbon storage and sequestration.

Techniques for sustainable logging to reduce carbon loss and maintain ecosystem balance.

The chemical composition of 'Damar Mata Kucing' is complex, containing esters, resin acids, and recent esters.

The use of 'Damar Mata Kucing' in various industries, such as construction, furniture making, and craft production.

The importance of proper storage conditions for 'Damar Mata Kucing' to prevent degradation due to heat and poor air circulation.

The potential of 'Damar Mata Kucing' to absorb carbon and its role in combating climate change.

Closing remarks, summarizing the discussion and expressing hope for the benefits of the shared knowledge.

Transcripts

play00:00

di Indonesia

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[Musik]

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hai hai

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[Musik]

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Hai

play00:10

[Musik]

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salamualaikum warahmatullahi wabarakatuh

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Hari ini kita lanjutkan tentang aspek

play00:52

fisik kimia dan

play00:54

karbon Damar mata kucing cpmk pada

play01:00

Eh pada matakuliah ini terbaik ekologi

play01:03

repong damar adalah Master dapat

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mengerti tentang Deep Telkom Damar

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structure fungsi repong damar dan juga

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mengetahui bagaimana proses terbentuknya

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repong Damar

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Adapun subscribe NK adalah mahasiswa

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dapat menjelaskan mengenai aspek fisika

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kimia karbon tepung dammar kita akan

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bahas tentang aspek fisik aspek kimia

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kemudian aspek karbon Dek dalam

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pembahasannya aspek fisik sifat fisik

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dan mekanis kayu Damar mata kucing bekas

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hadapan bertujuan untuk memanfaatkan

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kayu bekas hadapan yang sudah tidak

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produktif lagi

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aspek fisik

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[Musik]

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eh nih karena data base kayak baca dulu

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karena apa Karena kalau data tidak

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dibaca Ini khawatir nya dan terjadi

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kesalahan seperti rata-rata berat jenis

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Neng Dara kayu bekas hadapan adalah

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serta sebesar

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0,52 satu dan kayu yang tidak cacat itu

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0,52 dua

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rata-rata keteguhan lentur maksimum

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m-o-r-d-o-e-b bekas hadapan adalah 409

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koma lima sembilan kilogram per cm3 dan

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yang tidak disadap sebesar

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5.5 ratus 37,6 9

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program persentil tetap per cm3 ke saya

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ternyata persegi rata-rata modul modulus

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elastisitas emoia yang disadap sebesar

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62822 gram per sentimeter persegi dengan

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kayu yang tidak disadap sebesar

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[Musik]

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106.862 gram per sentimeter persegi

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Hai ini merupakan data yang menunjukkan

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bahwa dengan adanya disadap dan tidak

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disadap itu ada perbedaan Olay dari

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berat jenis keteguhan modul modulus

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elastisitas ini kalau tidak disadap ini

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lebih tinggi daripada yang

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disederhanakan lebih tinggi karena

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memang dengan disadap itu

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kekuatan pada kayu itu akan berkurang

play03:36

tetapi

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karena lebih menguntungkan dengan adanya

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sadapan itu maka kemudian

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Damar mata kucing disadap hingga kalau

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sudah disadap bertahun-tahun ia jelas

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akan berkurang kualitas kayunya berbeda

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dengan kalau tidak disadap aldista

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disadap itu masih ada

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saluran resinya masih ada responnya

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masih ada zamannya sehingga tidak

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mengurangi kekuatan dari kayu itu kuat

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sekali kayu itu

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kita mengetahui bahwa kayu Damar mata

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kucing itu yang disadap maupun yang

play04:16

tidak sedap itu tetap

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eh merupakan kayu yang baik

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bisa untuk apa namanya bahan konstruksi

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ringan kemudian bisa untuk mebel bisa

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untuk membuat peti bisa untuk membuat

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eh peti kemas kemudian kerajinan

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kemudian vinir home of untuk membuat

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plewut dan juga papan partikel ini gak

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bisa digunakan artinya bukan bukan hanya

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untuk konflik bukan untuk konstruksi

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berat tapi konstruksi dengan Adapun

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karakteristik fisika-kimia Damar

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dianalisis dalam kadar bahan tidak larut

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dalam toluena titik lunak kadar Cup

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kadar Abu kemudian bilangan asam ini

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badai ini dia mati kita mengetahui bahwa

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Damar umumnya bersifat rapuh

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Kenapa bersifat rapuh ya karena mudah

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ini mudah pecah juga

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tuh maka bersifat rapuh dan melekat pada

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suhu kalau pada suhu kamar itu akan

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sangat apa namanya lengket itu

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adapun titik lelehnya itu bukan 100°

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Celcius tapi 95° celcius sampai dengan

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110° Celcius di

play05:46

tidak-tidak

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ditelepon namanya tidak mesti di 100

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versus kadang-kadang 95° Celcius sudah

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Kaleh

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dan Damar itu mudah larut dalam eh apa

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dalam toluena benzena kloroform itu

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mudah larut

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tapi sukar larut salam call Boka apa

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karbon disulfida muda Netter kerosin

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larutan alkalis Sydney tukar larutnya

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eh sifat kimia dari karbon seperti itu

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kemudian juga

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Damar itu tidak mudah apa namanya tidak

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tahan terhadap panas

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di kalau panas maka akan mudah meleleh

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akan

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sifat fisiknya itu akan berubah

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begitu juga waktu dari warnanya juga

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akan berubah dengan adanya pemanasan

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[Musik]

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di dalam eh kalau disimpan itu enggak

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bisa lama apalagi tempat yang tidak ada

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penemuannya sirkulasi udaranya kurang

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baik itu tidak bisa disimpan lama

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ini bisa dilihat pada tabel tabel yang

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angkat bisa melihat pada buku

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udah sifat umum dari Damar mata kucing

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itu yang tadi sudah saya jelaskan versi

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antaranya adalah rapuh mudah pecah dan

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mudah dan melekat MU dan warna juga

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mudah berubah tidak tahan oleh panas

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titik didih itu berkisar antara 90-110

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derajat Celcius dan nilai asam berbeda

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sesuai jenis ukuran butir Damar nya dan

play07:45

mudah larut di larutan tertentu dan

play07:48

tidak larut di larutan tertentu

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diantaranya tadi nah saya jelaskan

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antara lain adalah mudah larut dalam

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toluena kemudian tidak larut dalam eter

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Adapun eh apa sifat fisika dari dan

play08:03

gambar mata kucing ini bisa dilihat pada

play08:05

tabel

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yang tak bisa melihat pada buku Kodamar

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udah ngasih aspek kimia itu bahwa

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pengujian dengan spektrum inframerah

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dari sampel mentah menunjukkan bahwa

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terdapat beberapa gugus fungsi dari

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Damar mata kucing antara lain ada alkil

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kalau karbonil inilah dan hidroksil ini

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merupakan hasil pengujian dengan

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menggunakan

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inspectrum inframerah

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Adapun identifikasi dengan pirolisis

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gc-ms ini menunjukkan bahwa Damar

play08:49

mengandung serta sedikit 67

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senyawa-senyawa kimia tersebut terbagi

play08:55

dalam empat golongan

play08:57

tiada empat golongan hidrokarbon

play09:00

tetrasiklik pentasiklik senyawa c15 dan

play09:04

golongan lain yang bisa anda temukan

play09:07

dalam buku ini adalah gambar tentang

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tentang alat-alat yang digunakan

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spectrix seperti spektrum inframerah

play09:18

gambarnya seperti itu hujan pirolisis

play09:21

gc-ms itu seperti itu Eh bisa dilihat

play09:26

dilihat pada gambar tersebut

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Damar juga diuji bisa digunakan sebagai

play09:35

whitening agent

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dalam meminum and berbentuk emulsi

play09:43

baju ga bisa menjadi Gum resin

play09:48

pemakaian Damar dalam emulsi dapat Hai

play09:51

meminimumkan perbedaan densitas droplet

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dan fasa air singkat tidak terjadi

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pemisahan antara air dan fase minyak ini

play10:02

bisa dilihat pada tabel

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dalam buku

play10:07

pantai kimia Damar jadi lihat dardak

play10:13

senyawa yang terkandung didalam Damar

play10:16

mata kucing itu terbagi dalam tiga

play10:18

kelompok utama yaitu

play10:21

Ester resin asam resin dan recent Ester

play10:27

itu derak di dalam resin yang dihasilkan

play10:30

dari asam asam aromatik tanya ada asam

play10:33

benzoat asam sinamat serta dapat pula

play10:36

berasal dari alkohol resin yang terdiri

play10:39

dari rasional dan retina resino tanol

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ini Ester MU dan asam resin ini

play10:46

merupakan senyawa kompleks yang

play10:48

mengandung satu atau lebih kukusan

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instructional

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udahan resend ini adalah senyawa yang

play10:55

mengandung oksigen tidak bereaksi Pak

play10:59

dengan bahasa dan merupakan alkohol

play11:01

Ester tim mengenai

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unsur kimia Damar mata kucing ini dapat

play11:09

dilihat pada tabel

play11:14

udah yang ketiganya adalah tentang aspek

play11:17

karbon tadi aspek fisika dan kimia

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sedang sedangkan yang ketiganya adalah

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aspek karbon kita mengetahui bahwa

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eh tegakan Damar mata kucing itu mampu

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untuk menyerap karbon

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dimana ini juga untuk

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menyerangi efek gas rumah kaca

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kita mengetahui bahwa potensi penyerapan

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karbon pada tegakan Damar mata kucing

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ini

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baik di pekan ke Pak gunung Kemala

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maupun pamongan ini sangat besar yaitu

play11:57

249 koma 72 ton perhektar eh biomassa

play12:03

total

play12:04

kemudian eh dan juga 120 4,8 6 ton per

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hektar ini tentang eh penyerapan karbon

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yang tersimpan didalam biomassa

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[Musik]

play12:21

ekosistem daratan itu memiliki tiga

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faktor yang mempengaruhi yang menurut

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air yah 2007 besarnya penyerapan karbon

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itu dipengaruhi oleh tiga faktor antara

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lain adalah vegetasi kondisi tempat dan

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pengelolaan Bagaimana komposisi jenisnya

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strukturnya umur tanamannya kalau sudah

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terlalu tua ya baiknya mau ditebang

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kalau sudah terlalu tua karena sudah

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tidak produktif lagi Hai kemudian

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kondisi tempat variasi iklim tanah

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adanya gangguan alam misalnya kebakaran

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hutan ini juga Oh akan mempengaruhi tank

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penyerapan karbon karena memang karbon

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banyak yang dibakar yang enggak yang

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terbakar Hujan eh pengelolaan eh juga

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merupakan faktor yang menentukan tentang

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besarnya penyerapan karbon

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jadi Aleh guna misalnya

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tadinya berupa pohon kemudian dirubah

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menjadi vegetasi lain itu akan sangat

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berpengaruh terhadap terhadap penyerapan

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karbon

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yang

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diinventarisir dari penyerapan karbon

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itu adalah biomassa yang ada di atas

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permukaan tanah kemudian yang dibawah

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permukaan tanah

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karbon organik tanah kemudian bahan

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organik yang sudah mati di permukaan

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tanah itu itu akan

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cara menjadi apa namanya menjadi

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penghitungan tadi penghitungan jumlah

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biomassa yang ada di dalam di dalam

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repong Damar tersebut

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pemanenan kayu merupakan penyebab utama

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penurunan jumlah stok karbon yang

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diserap oleh hutan dimana karbon yang

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ditinggalkan di dalam Pegagan terdapat

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di bawah permukaan tanah tegakan tinggal

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Smash tumbuhan bawah dan limbah kegiatan

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pemanenan kayu itu

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akan mempengaruhi tentang Berapa jumlah

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karbon yang tersebar di dalamnya

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Kalau tidak ada tidak ada penghitungan

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itu maka ya habis semuanya

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seperti misalnya dengan adanya pemanenan

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itu kayunya dibawa semua kalau kayaknya

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dibawa semua ya habis ada penyerapan

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karbon dalamnya

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aktivitas pemanenan Kayu Ini juga sangat

play14:54

berperan dalam menurunkan cadangan

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karbon di atas permukaan tanah sebesar

play14:58

50%

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Adapun cadangan karbon yang hilang itu

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dapat dikurangi dengan melaksanakan

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teknik pemanenan berdampak ronda seperti

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kalau panen ya Jangan semua di angkot

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keluar kalau semua diangkut keluar habis

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karbonnya karbon yang terserap habis

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kenapa Karena di tanah-tanah tersebut

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tidak disisakan

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biomassa yang ada mesjid misalnya kalau

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tunggakan enggak usah sampai suka

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tunggakannya kemudian D tonggaknya

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dihabiskan di bawah

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perhiasan MU dan selesai susah

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dibersihkan itu namanya apa namanya

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menghabiskan semua di teknik pemanenan

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yang yang berdampak rendah itu

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diantaranya adalah kalau memanen Jangan

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semua dihabiskan tetapi ada ya Hai

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nah Dea Hunters pernah kali itu dulu

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untuk pertemuan kali ini mudah-mudahan

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yang sedikit bermanfaat bagi udah wah

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terakhir ya assalamualaikum

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warahmatullahi wabarakatuh

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[Musik]

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[Musik]

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hai hai

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