Energy Conversion Technologies (Biomass And Coal) - [Introduction Video]
Summary
TLDRThis introductory lecture focuses on music conversion technologies, emphasizing the importance of coal and biomass as alternative feedstocks for producing renewable fuel and chemicals. The course explores various conversion technologies, including thermal, thermochemical, biochemical, and chemical processes, each with its unique pre-processing and product outcomes. The lecture also covers coal conversion methods for liquid and gaseous products, highlighting the potential applications in industries and power generation. The course is designed for students and professionals in engineering and energy sectors, aiming to equip them with knowledge on designing and implementing sustainable energy conversion systems.
Takeaways
- 🌟 The course focuses on studying coal and biomass-based conversion technologies to produce fuel and chemicals as alternatives to fossil fuels.
- 🌱 Biomass and coal are highlighted as important resources for sustainable production due to the depletion of fossil fuels and climate change concerns.
- 🔥 Advanced conversion technologies are being developed to convert biomass to syngas and coal to chemicals through thermochemical, biochemical, chemical, and hybrid processes.
- 🔧 Thermal conversion processes primarily produce heat, which can be further used to generate steam and power.
- 🌡️ Thermochemical conversion processes include torrefaction, gasification, and pyrolysis, each producing different types of products like bio-coal, syngas, charcoal, gas, and bio-oil.
- 🌿 Biochemical conversion technologies such as ethanol fermentation and anaerobic digestion utilize raw materials like lignocellulosic biomass and waste materials to produce ethanol and biogas.
- 🧪 Chemical conversion processes involve the transesterification of non-edible oils to produce biodiesel.
- 💧 Coal conversion technologies are categorized into coal to liquid and coal to gaseous products, with processes like pyrolysis, solvent extraction, catalytic liquefaction, and synthesis of producer gas.
- ⚙️ The course is structured over eight weeks with 24 lectures, weekly assignments, and a mix of MCQs and short answer questions based on practice examples.
- 📚 The course is designed to be self-sufficient, though additional books and references are provided for those interested in deeper study.
Q & A
What is the main focus of the course on music conversion technologies?
-The main focus of the course is on studying different coal and biomass-based conversion technologies to produce both fuel and chemical products.
Why are coal and biomass conversion technologies important?
-Coal and biomass conversion technologies are important to fill the depletion of modern fossil fuel resources and to address the challenges posed by global climate change.
What are the four types of biomass conversion technologies mentioned in the script?
-The four types of biomass conversion technologies mentioned are thermal conversion, thermochemical conversion, biochemical conversion, and chemical conversion.
What is the primary product of thermal conversion in biomass?
-The primary product of thermal conversion in biomass is heat, which can be further used to produce steam and power.
What are the three different types of products obtained from pyrolysis in thermochemical conversion?
-The three different types of products obtained from pyrolysis in thermochemical conversion are charcoal, gas, and bio-oil.
How does the raw material for biochemical conversion processes differ in terms of processing?
-For biochemical conversion, lignosolic biomass requires a hydrolysis stage to produce reducing sugars for ethanol fermentation, while pure sugars and starches can be directly fermented to produce ethanol.
What are the two processes available for biochemical conversion?
-The two processes available for biochemical conversion are ethanol fermentation and anaerobic digestion.
What is the primary energy product obtained from chemical conversion of biomass?
-The primary energy product obtained from chemical conversion of biomass is biodiesel, produced through the transesterification process of non-edible oils.
What are the two types of coal conversion technologies discussed for producing liquid products?
-The two types of coal conversion technologies discussed for producing liquid products are coal to liquid and coal to gaseous product.
What are the four primary technologies available for coal conversion to produce liquid products?
-The four primary technologies for coal conversion to produce liquid products are pyrolysis, solvent extraction, catalytic liquefaction, and synthesis of producer gas.
Who should register for this course on music conversion technologies?
-B.Tech, M.Tech, MS, and PhD students, faculty from academic and technical institutions, professionals in fields like chemical, agricultural, environmental, mechanical, energy engineering, biosciences, and bioengineering, and those interested in designing energy conversion systems can register for this course.
Outlines
🔬 Introduction to Music Conversion Technologies
This introductory lecture focuses on the study of various coal and biomass-based conversion technologies aimed at producing fuel and chemicals. The course addresses the urgent need for alternative feedstock due to the depletion of fossil fuel resources and the threat of global climate change. It emphasizes the importance of coal and biomass as key raw materials for sustainable production. The lecture outlines four types of biomass conversion technologies: thermal, thermochemical, biochemical, and chemical conversion. Each technology is briefly explained, highlighting the pre-processing stages and the primary products obtained, such as heat, syngas, bio-coal, and bio-oil. The lecture also mentions the need for advanced technologies that can competitively produce fuel from biomass and chemicals from coal through processes like gasification and liquefaction.
🌱 Biomass and Coal Conversion Technologies
This section delves deeper into the different conversion technologies for biomass and coal. It starts with biochemical conversion processes like ethanol fermentation and anaerobic digestion, which utilize waste materials to produce biogas. The lecture then moves on to chemical conversion, where non-edible oils are transformed into biodiesel. The coal conversion technologies are categorized into coal to liquid and coal to gaseous products. Various methods like pyrolysis, solvent extraction, catalytic liquefaction, and synthesis gas are discussed, along with their respective products like charcoal, oil, and methanol. The lecture also touches upon the potential applications of these products in industries, power generation, and as chemicals. The course structure is briefly mentioned, consisting of 24 lectures over eight weeks, with assignments and practice examples to reinforce learning.
📚 Course Layout and Target Audience
The final paragraph outlines the course structure, which includes 24 lectures spread over eight weeks, with weekly assignments in the form of multiple-choice questions (MCQs) and short answer questions based on practice examples. The course is designed to be self-sufficient, with the content covering a wide range of biomass and coal-based conversion technologies. It is recommended for students at various academic levels, including B.Tech, M.Tech, MS, and PhD, as well as faculty and professionals from academic, technical, and research institutions. The course is also suitable for those pursuing careers in chemical, agricultural, environmental, mechanical, energy engineering, and biosciences and bioengineering. It is particularly beneficial for those interested in designing energy conversion systems. The instructor encourages interested individuals to enroll and offers to address any queries regarding the course content.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Music Conversion Technologies
💡Coal and Biomass
💡Thermal Conversion
💡Thermochemical Conversion
💡Biochemical Conversion
💡Chemical Conversion
💡Gasification
💡Pyrolysis
💡Catalytic Liquefaction
💡Synthesis Gas
💡Biofuel
Highlights
Course focuses on coal and biomass conversion technologies for fuel and chemical production.
Coal and biomass are seen as key to addressing fossil fuel depletion and climate change.
Advanced conversion technologies are being developed with a refinery approach.
Biomass conversion can produce syngas and chemicals through various processes.
Thermal conversion of biomass primarily produces heat and requires a densification process.
Thermochemical conversion involves pre-processing and can yield bio-coal, syngas, and bio-oil.
Biochemical conversion includes ethanol fermentation and anaerobic digestion, utilizing waste materials.
Chemical conversion of non-edible oils produces biodiesel through transesterification.
Coal conversion technologies are categorized into coal-to-liquid and coal-to-gaseous products.
Pyrolysis, solvent extraction, catalytic liquefaction, and synthesis gas are key coal-to-liquid technologies.
Coal gasification produces syngas, which can be further converted into various products.
The course is designed for eight weeks with 24 lectures and weekly assignments.
The course content is self-sufficient and covers a wide range of conversion technologies.
The course is suitable for students and professionals in various engineering and scientific fields.
The course will include practice examples and design aspects of conversion technologies.
The instructor encourages enrollment and is available to address queries at [email protected].
Transcripts
foreign
[Music]
good morning everyone welcome to this
introductory lecture to the course in
music conversion Technologies in this
course the main focus is on studying
different coal and biomass based
conversion Technologies to produce both
Fuel and chemical as a product coal and
biomass polarization is considered as an
important step to fill up the depletion
of modern fossil fuel resources the
anticipated long term decline in the
fossil fuel resource coupled with the
thread posed by global climate change
put forward
urgent requirements for alternative
feedstock to produce Renewable Fuel and
chemical intermediates coal as an
abundant resource and biomass as an
abundant renewable energy resource have
been recognized as an increasingly
important raw material for sustaining
able production of both Fuel and high
value chemicals indeed this driving
force has led to intense efforts to
develop Advanced coal and biomass based
conversion Technologies with Refinery
approach which to be competitive must
produce fuel from biomass that is for
example conversion of biomass to syngas
and chemicals that is conversion of coal
to chemicals by thermochemical
biochemical chemical and hybrid
processes
so now if you look at this biomass
conversion Technologies there are four
type of conversion technology is
currently available that may result in
specific energy and potential renewable
product so now if you look at the
particular chart the four Technologies
include thermal conversion
thermochemical conversion biochemical
conversion and chemical conversion now
if you look at this thermal conversion
process thoroughly if you can observe
here the thermal conversion process
leads to the production of primarily the
heat as a product whereas in case of
thermal conversion processes the fish
stock has to go through a pre-processing
stage that is called as a densification
process so that the densified product
can undergo the combustion process by
which the densified material is
undergoing ah the thermal conversion
basically to produce primarily the heat
as a product the heat produced from this
particular process further can be used
to produce steam followed by power as a
product now if you look at the
thermochemical conversion processes in
case of thermochemical conversion the
raw material has to undergo certain
pre-processing stage and these are
mainly depends on the process of choice
for example if we look at the
thermochemical conversion processes
there are three different types of
conversion processes are available that
is to refraction gasification and the
pyrolysis in case of torifaction the
product obtained is nothing but a bio
coal whereas in case of gasification it
produces mostly your skin gas as a
product and in case of paralysis majorly
three different types of products can be
obtained that is charcoal gas and bio
oil now the pre-processing of raw
material here mostly depends on the
specific process but except size
reduction is the main important part of
this thermochemical conversion processes
where the material has to be reduced to
a proper size and hence it can be
further used for the conversion purpose
whereas in case of biochemical
conversion processes if you look at the
biochemical conversion processes there
are majorly two processes available for
the biochemical conversion one is
ethanol fermentation and other is the
anaerobic digestion in case of ethanolic
fermentation it is mostly depends on the
quality of the raw material which is
being used for the conversion purpose
for example in case of lignosologic
biomass the material has to undergo a
hydrolysis stage to produce reducing
sugar that reducing sugars can further
be fermented to produce ethanol as a
product whereas in case of pure sugar
and starches it can directly be
fermented to produce ethanol as a
product now if you look at the anaerobic
digestion as we process so in this
particular process mostly the waste
materials are being used for the
conversion purpose so there are two
specific type of alternative processor
available in case of anaerobic digestion
that is called as a landfill gas and
biogas so in case of biogas process the
waste materials are being utilized to
convert into a biogas as a product so
the product obtained from the energy
after gas cleaning process can be used
as a pipeline quality gas
or it can be used as a CNG or LNG now
the last process in the biomass
conversion Technologies is the chemical
conversion in case of chemical
conversion processes the raw material
used are mostly a non-edible oils so the
non-edible oils undergoes the
transistorification process to produce
biodiesel as a product so now if you
look at this particular chart the
product mentioned here in this
particular chart are basically a primary
energy product which can be obtained
from this conversion Technologies
whereas this primer energy product can
further undergoes the conversion to
produce secondary energy product
so now in the similar line let us
discuss about the coal conversion
Technologies now if you look at the coal
conversion Technologies here we have
divided this coal conversion
Technologies into two types that is coal
to liquid as a product and coal to
gaseous product so first let us discuss
about coal conversion Technologies to
produce liquid as a product in case of
coal conversion here again if you can
see here there are four
primary Technologies are available in
the form of pyrolysis Salon extraction
catalytic liquefaction and synthesis of
producer gas so the paralysis of the
coal leads to a production of the
basically charcoal and the byproduct
which is obtained during the paralysis
of the coal is oil which undergoes the
hydro treating process to produce liquid
as a product similarly if you look at
the salon extraction process here so the
solid obtained after solid extraction
process are primarily ah pure quality
material which can directly use as a
solid product however if required this
solid materials can undergo again the
catalytic hydrogenation to produce
liquid quality product
now the third coal conversion technology
listed here is a catalytic liquefaction
so the catalytic liquid action process
undergoes the liquefaction reaction to
produce liquid as a product
and the next process in the cold
conversion technology is synthesis gas
so the gas produced in this particular
process after purification can lead to a
fissure drop synthesis reaction to
produce liquid as a product and also the
produce gas can undergo the methanol
synthesis to produce liquid methanol as
a product so now if you look at this
particular chart it shows mostly the
liquid product which can be obtained
using this different conversion
Technologies now if you look at the
another chart where we can see that how
this particular coal can be converted
into a gaseous product so basically the
coal in this particular case undergoes a
gasification reaction to produce seen
gas
as a product and after gas cleanup stage
the purified gas can further undergo
these different conversion Technologies
to produce these varieties of this
product
now if you see here there are four
different conversion Technologies are
available again in this case
first is fissure drop
methanol
hydrogenation and then the methylation
so the utility of the product obtained
from this particular processes find
application in Industries utility for
power generation also it can be used as
a chemicals so now at the end of this
particular chart if you see here so the
gas after cleaning which is called as a
fuel gas can directly be used for the
industrial processes and for the utility
purpose whereas this particular gas can
also be used to produce electric power
so all this coal and biomass based
conversion technologies will be
discussing in this course now if you
look at the course layout this course is
of eight weeks and each weeks there will
be a three lectures so in all there will
be a 24 lectures in this course and at
the end of each week there will be a
assignment the assignment will be of McQ
type that is multiple choice question
apart from that in this particular
course some of the modules will also
have the practice example so the major
impulse is in this particular course is
to discuss about these different
conversion Technologies and also to
design some of these conversion
Technologies using the theoretical
approach so I request those who are
interested to enroll for this course may
take up the exam as well in this
particular course the question will be
mostly of the McQ type and apart from
that there will be a short answer
question based on the practice examples
covered in a different assignments in
this course so books and references so
these are the books which can be used
for the reference purposes
but it is very difficult to find a
single book which covers all these
conversion Technologies so considering
that the content of this course is
designed in such a way that it covers
the wide spectrum of biomass and coal
based conversion Technologies and the
content of this course itself is
sufficient for the learning and the
reading purpose now who should register
so the beb Tech
mem Tech Ms and the PhD students are
faculties from reputed academic and
Technical institutions interested in
acquiring knowledge of different energy
conversion Technologies can register for
this particular course apart from that
those who are pursuing a career as a
chemical engineer
agriculture engineering environmental
engineering mechanical engineering
Energy Engineering or biosciences and
bioengineering apart from that those who
wants to pursue a career in designing
energy conversion systems such as
biomass and coal based conversion system
can also opt for this particular course
Executives Engineers researchers from
manufacturing service and government
organization including r d Laboratories
working in the area of Energy
Engineering can also enroll for this
course I request those who are
interested please register for this
course if you have any queries regarding
the content and the specific content in
the specific module you can write to me
at vvgode at the rate
iitg.ac.in and I will be happy to
address your queries thank you
[Music]
thank you
[Music]
good morning
[Music]
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