Osifikasi (Proses pembentukan tulang)
Summary
TLDRThis video discusses the process of bone formation (ossification) in humans, focusing on two types: intramembranous and endochondral ossification. Intramembranous ossification occurs during embryonic development, forming flat bones like the skull. Endochondral ossification involves the transformation of cartilage into bone, contributing to the growth of long bones during both embryonic development and up to ages 18-25. Key factors influencing bone growth include genetics, nutrition, hormones, and the nervous system. The video also touches on bone elongation and the hormonal influences on height. Stay tuned for the next topic on joints.
Takeaways
- 𩮠Osification is the process of bone formation and it has two types: endochondral and intramembranous.
- đ¶ Intramembranous ossification is the primary type occurring during the embryonic stage, forming flat bones like the skull.
- 𧏠The process involves mesenchymal cells differentiating into osteoblasts, which then become osteocytes within the bone's lacunae.
- 𩮠Endochondral ossification is the secondary type, transforming cartilage into bone, and it occurs in long bones like the femur.
- đ This process includes the proliferation of chondrocytes, calcification of the cartilage matrix, and the formation of bone tissue.
- đ Endochondral ossification contributes to bone growth at the epiphyseal plates, leading to increased height.
- đ± Both primary and secondary ossification occur from embryonic development through adolescence until around 25 years of age.
- 𧏠Genetic factors play a significant role in bone growth, inherited from parents.
- đ„ Nutrition also influences bone development, with the quality of food impacting bone health.
- ⥠Endocrine factors, including growth hormone (GH), thyroid hormone, parathyroid hormone, and sex hormones, affect bone growth and height.
- đ§ The nervous system also has an impact on bone growth, highlighting the interplay between various systems in the body.
Q & A
What is ossification?
-Ossification is the process of bone formation, which consists of two types: endochondral and intramembranous ossification.
What are the two types of ossification mentioned in the script?
-The two types of ossification mentioned are endochondral ossification and intramembranous ossification.
Which type of ossification occurs only once during embryonic life?
-Intramembranous ossification is the type that occurs only once during embryonic life.
At what stage of embryonic development does intramembranous ossification typically occur?
-Intramembranous ossification typically occurs during the 8th week of embryonic life.
What is the primary cell type involved in intramembranous ossification?
-The primary cell type involved in intramembranous ossification is the mesenchymal stem cell, which differentiates into osteoblasts.
What is the difference between primary and secondary ossification as discussed in the script?
-Primary ossification occurs during embryonic life, while secondary ossification happens after birth, continuing until the age of 18-25 years.
How does endochondral ossification contribute to bone growth?
-Endochondral ossification contributes to bone growth by causing elongation at the epiphyseal plates, leading to increased height.
Which hormones are mentioned in the script as influencing bone growth?
-The hormones mentioned as influencing bone growth are growth hormone (GH), thyroid hormone, parathyroid hormone, and sex hormones such as testosterone and estrogen.
What are the three factors that affect bone growth according to the script?
-The three factors that affect bone growth are genetic or hereditary factors, nutrition, and endocrine factors.
What is the role of the nervous system in bone growth as mentioned in the script?
-The script mentions that the nervous system is one of the factors that influence bone growth, although it does not elaborate on the specific mechanisms.
What is the significance of the age range of 18-25 years in the context of bone growth?
-The age range of 18-25 years is significant as it is the period when secondary ossification occurs, leading to the final growth and development of bones.
Outlines
𩮠Bone Formation Process
This paragraph discusses the process of bone formation, known as ossification, which is divided into two types: endochondral and intramembranous ossification. The speaker begins by explaining intramembranous ossification, which is a primary ossification process that occurs only once during the embryonic stage, specifically during the 8th week of embryonic life. The process involves the differentiation of mesenchymal cells into osteoblasts, which then form osteons within the lacunae of the Haversian system. The speaker then transitions to discuss endochondral ossification, which is a secondary process that occurs from embryonic development through adolescence, up to the age of 18-25 years. This process involves the proliferation of cartilage cells, which then calcify and transform into bone tissue. The speaker also touches on the factors that influence bone growth, including genetic, nutritional, and endocrine factors, as well as the impact of the nervous system.
Mindmap
Keywords
đĄOssification
đĄEndochondral Ossification
đĄIntramembranous Ossification
đĄEmbryo
đĄOsteoblasts
đĄOsteocytes
đĄHaversian System
đĄChondrocytes
đĄCalcification
đĄEpiphyseal Plate
đĄGrowth Factors
Highlights
Ossification is the process of bone formation, consisting of two types: endochondral and intramembranous ossification.
Intramembranous ossification is primary and occurs only once during embryonic life, starting at week 8.
The cells involved in intramembranous ossification originate from mesenchymal stem cells, differentiating into osteoblasts and eventually osteocytes.
Endochondral ossification involves the transformation of cartilage into bone, starting from chondrocytes.
Endochondral ossification occurs twice: once during embryonic development and again postnatally until the age of 18-25.
During endochondral ossification, cartilage cells proliferate and are replaced by osteoblasts, leading to calcification of the cartilage matrix.
This process results in elongation at the epiphyseal plates, contributing to bone growth and increased height.
Growth factors influencing bone growth include genetic factors, nutrition, and endocrine factors such as growth hormone, thyroid hormones, parathyroid hormone, and sex hormones.
The nervous system also plays a role in influencing bone growth.
The video discusses the importance of understanding ossification for medical and biological studies.
The process of ossification is crucial for the development of the skeletal system.
Ossification begins during embryonic development and continues through adolescence.
The video provides a detailed explanation of the cellular changes involved in bone formation.
The role of osteoblasts in bone formation and the calcification process is explained.
The video emphasizes the importance of a balanced diet and hormonal balance for proper bone development.
The impact of genetic inheritance on bone structure and growth is discussed.
The video concludes with a reminder to like and subscribe for more educational content.
Transcripts
Hai Hai assalamualaikum warahmatullahi
wabarakatuh ketemu lagi dengan saya
Widyaningsih kali ini kita masih
membahas bab sistem gerak manusia pada
materi proses pembentukan tulang atau
osifikasi Oke disimak baik-baik ya
[Musik]
osifikasi adalah proses pembentukan
tulang terdiri dari dua macam yaitu
osifikasi endokondral dan osifikasi
intramembran kita bahas satu persatu ya
yang pertama kita bahas adalah osifikasi
intramembranosa osifikasi ini merupakan
osifikasi primer karena pembentukan
tulang berlangsung hanya satu kali yaitu
pada saat masih embrio jenis sel asalnya
adalah Sel mast
mungkin waktu osifikasi nya adalah
minggu ke-8 kehidupan embrio tempat
osifikasi ini terdapat pada tulang pipih
contohnya pada pembentukan tulang
tengkorak prosesnya adalah sel mesenkim
berdiferensiasi menjadi osteoblas
kemudian menjadi osteosit atau sel
osteon sel tulang yang terletak di
lakuna pada sistem Havers selanjutnya
kita akan membahas osifikasi endokondral
proses tulang rawan menjadi tulang keras
atau tulang sejati jenis sel asalnya
adalah sel tulang rawan atau kondrosit
terdapat pada tulang pipa waktu
osifikasi endokondral
nah Pada saat embrio hingga masa remaja
usia 18-25 tahun berlangsung dua kali
yaitu osifikasi primer pada saat embrio
dan osifikasi sekunder setelah kelahiran
nah proses osifikasi endokondral itu
adalah Sel kartilago atau kondrosit sel
tulang rawan mengalami proliferasi atau
perbanyakan sehingga jumlah dan ukuran
menjadi besar dan banyak dan berubah
menjadi osteoblas matriks kartilago
mengalami pengapuran atau kalsifikasi
melalui pengendapan kalsium fosfat
osifikasi endokondral menyebabkan
pemanjangan pada bagian diafisis pada
tulang pipa sehingga terjadi pemanjangan
tulang ini menyebabkan tumbuh menjadi
semakin tinggi
Hai pada usia sejak lahir sampai 25
tahun Nah sekarang kita bahas faktor
pertumbuhan tulang faktor yang
mempengaruhi pertumbuhan tulang yang
pertama adalah faktor genetik atau
hereditas jadi diturunkan dari
orangtuanya yang kedua adalah faktor
nutrisi atau makanan yang kita makan dan
yang ketiga adalah faktor endokrin yaitu
pengaruh dari hormon-hormon yang
mempengaruhi ada hormon tumbuh GH hormon
tiroksin untuk metabolisme hormon
paratiroid hormon testeron ovarium yaitu
yang akan mempengaruhi tinggi badan
seseorang Selain itu faktor yang
mempengaruhi pertumbuhan tulang ada
faktor sistem syaraf Nah demikian tadi
materi tentang osifikasi selanjutnya
kita akan membahas materi
saat ikul ASI atau persendian jangan
lupa like dan subscribe ya terima kasih
wassalamualaikum warahmatullahi
wabarakatuh
hai hai
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