Classicismo [Prof. Noslen]

Summary

This script is an educational discourse on Classicism in literature, focusing on its emergence during the Renaissance and its distinct characteristics such as rationalism, anthropocentrism, and a return to Greek culture. It highlights the pivotal role of Luís Vaz de Camões, a Portuguese poet, whose works, particularly the epic 'Os Lusíadas,' are central to Portuguese literature. The lecture delves into the themes of humanism, the ephemerality of life, and the use of fixed poetic forms like the decasyllable, emphasizing the period's literary contributions and Camões's enduring legacy.

Takeaways

• 📚 The script is a lecture about Classicism in literature, focusing on its historical context and characteristics.
• 🎓 Classicism follows the Renaissance and Humanism, marking the transition from the Middle Ages to the Modern Age.
• 🏛️ It emphasizes human-centered thought, rationalism, and a return to the values and aesthetics of ancient Greek and Roman cultures.
• ✍️ Luís Vaz de Camões, a prominent figure of Portuguese literature, is highlighted as a key author of the Classicism period.
• 📖 Camões' work is divided into lyrical and dramatic genres, with 'Os Lusíadas' being his most significant epic poem.
• 🌊 'Os Lusíadas' narrates the voyages and adventures of the Portuguese during the Age of Discovery, drawing parallels to Homer's 'Iliad' and 'Odyssey'.
• 💡 The lecture discusses the importance of understanding Humanism to grasp Classicism, noting the shift from a God-centered to a human-centered worldview.
• 🗣️ Classicism in literature is characterized by rational thought, a focus on human emotions and experiences, and the use of fixed poetic forms like the decasyllable.
• 🎶 The script includes a musical interlude that reinforces the themes of Classicism and Camões' work, aiming to aid memory and engagement.
• 🌐 The lecture concludes with a teaser for upcoming topics, such as Quinhentismo, which will explore the literature of the Portuguese discoveries and the early years of Brazil.

Q & A

What is the main theme discussed in the script?

The main theme discussed in the script is Classicism, a literary period that follows the Renaissance and Humanism, emphasizing a return to the values and styles of classical antiquity.

What is the significance of Humanism in relation to Classicism?

Humanism is significant as it prepares the way for Classicism. It is a transitional period between the Middle Ages and the Modern Age, characterized by an anthropocentric view where human beings are at the center of everything.

What are the key characteristics of Classicism in literature?

Classicism in literature is characterized by rationalism, a focus on human emotions and experiences, the use of fixed poetic forms, and a return to the values and styles of classical antiquity, including the use of Greek and Roman mythology.

Who is Camões and why is he important in the context of Classicism?

Camões, or Luís Vaz de Camões, is a crucial figure in Classicism, particularly in Portuguese literature. He is known for his epic poem 'Os Lusíadas,' which narrates the history of the Portuguese discoveries and is considered a masterpiece of the period.

What is the difference between the 'Medida Velha' and 'Medida Nova' in poetry?

The 'Medida Velha' refers to the old form of Portuguese poetry with verses of five or seven syllables, while 'Medida Nova' refers to the new form with verses of ten syllables, which became more popular during the Classicism period.

What is the significance of 'Os Lusíadas' in Portuguese literature?

'Os Lusíadas' is significant as it is an epic poem that celebrates the Portuguese Age of Discovery and is considered the national epic of Portugal, showcasing the country's maritime achievements and cultural identity.

How does the script connect Classicism to the broader historical context?

The script connects Classicism to the broader historical context by discussing its emergence from the Renaissance and Humanism, and its influence on literature, art, and thought during the Modern Age.

What is the role of rationalism in Classicism?

Rationalism in Classicism emphasizes reason and logic, valuing the human capacity to think and make rational judgments, which is reflected in the literature of the period through themes of human experience and the questioning of traditional authority.

What are some literary devices commonly used in Classicism?

Some literary devices commonly used in Classicism include personification, paradox, antithesis, and the use of fixed forms and metrics in poetry, reflecting the period's emphasis on structure and order.

How does the script discuss the influence of Greek culture on Classicism?

The script discusses the influence of Greek culture on Classicism by mentioning the resuscitation of Greek culture, including the adoption of Greek myths and the emphasis on humanism and rationalism, which were central to Greek philosophy.