Los Romanov, una historia de sangre (Primera parte) Dibujando la historia - Bully Magnets Documental
Summary
TLDREl guion compara la Revolución Rusa con la Revolución Francesa, destacando figuras como Lenin y Marx, y situaciones similares como hambrunas y protestas. Describe la historia de la dinastía Romanov, marcada por el poder y la violencia, y el asesinato de Alejandro II por Narodnaya Volya. Explica la oposición de Alejandro III a las reformas y su reprimión de la libertad civil. Finalmente, relata el ascenso de Nicolás II, con su coronación trágicamente manchada por una estampida que dejó miles de muertos, presagiando la inminente caída del zar.
Takeaways
- 😷 La revolución rusa y la francesa comparten paralelismos, con figuras como Lenin y Robespierre, y Marx y Voltaire.
- 👨🌾 En ambos casos, hubo campesinos hambrientos y mujeres que marchaban exigiendo pan.
- ❄️ Ambas revoluciones tuvieron lugar en inviernos terribles, en 1788 y 1917 respectivamente.
- 🤝 Durante la revolución francesa, el Juramento del Tenis fue un acto simbólico, mientras que en Rusia, se intentó limitar el poder del zar mediante la creación de la Duma.
- 🏰 En lugar de Versalles, en Rusia fue el Palacio de Invierno el escenario importante de la revolución.
- 👑 La historia de los Romanov está llena de sangre, tanto de monarcas como de sus súbditos.
- 🔍 El zar Alejandro II fue conocido por sus ideas progresistas y liberales, incluyendo la disolución de la servidumbre en Rusia.
- 💥 La organización terrorista Narodnaya Volya atacó a Alejandro II, lo que resultó en su muerte prematura.
- 💪 Alejandro III, hijo de Alejandro II, fue un monarca opuesto a las reformas y reprimió las libertades civiles en Rusia.
- 🚂 Se construyó la Transiberiana durante su reinado, con un costo alto en vidas humanas.
- 💍 Se inició la tradición de comisionar un Fabergé egg cada año para la reina, una pasión que perduró hasta la revolución.
Q & A
¿Cuál es la comparación que se hace entre la Revolución Francesa y la Revolución Rusa en el guion?
-Se compara a Robespierre con Lenin, a Voltaire con Marx, y a los campesinos hambrientos de la Francia de 1789 con los hambrientos campesinos y trabajadoras de fábrica de Rusia en 1917.
¿Qué evento histórico se menciona como paralelo a la Jura del Tenis en la Revolución Francesa?
-El guion menciona la creación de las Dumas como una acción legislativa para restringir el poder del Zar, similar a cómo la Jura del Tenis restringió el poder del rey.
¿Quién era el líder del movimiento revolucionario Narodnaya Volya y cuál fue su objetivo principal?
-El movimiento revolucionario Narodnaya Volya, o 'La Voluntad del Pueblo', no tenía un líder único, pero su objetivo principal era derrocar al zarismo y promover la democracia y la libertad en Rusia.
¿Cómo se describe la muerte de Alejandro II y qué impacto tuvo en su nieto Nicolás?
-Alejandro II murió a manos de un atentado del Narodnaya Volya en 1881. Su muerte fue violenta y sangrienta, lo que dejó una impresión duradera en su nieto Nicolás, quien estaba presente en el palacio ese día.
¿Qué cambios implementó Alejandro III en Rusia en respuesta a las ideas liberales de su padre?
-Alejandro III revirtió cualquier idea de establecer una Duma o parlamento, suprimió las libertades civiles, fomentó la agresión policial y reforzó las tácticas de espionaje de su policía secreta.
¿Cuál fue el impacto emocional de los asesinatos de los miembros del Narodnaya Volya en Lenin?
-Los asesinatos de los miembros del Narodnaya Volya, incluido el hermano de Lenin, impactaron emocionalmente a Lenin, lo que posiblemente influyó en sus futuras acciones y creencias revolucionarias.
¿Qué evento trágico ocurrió durante la ceremonia de la coronación del Zar Nicolás II?
-Durante la coronación de Nicolás II, hubo una estampida que dejó a 1400 personas muertas y más de 1300 heridas debido a la distribución de regalos del zar.
¿Cómo se describe la relación entre Nicolás II y su prometida Alexandra antes de su matrimonio?
-La relación entre Nicolás II y Alexandra se describe como una unión apresurada, con su boda celebrada solo una semana después del funeral de su padre, en un ambiente que Alexandra comparó con una continuación de los servicios funebres.
¿Qué evento histórico se menciona que casi resultó en la muerte de Nicolás II en Japón?
-Durante un viaje alrededor del mundo, Nicolás II casi muere en Japón en un enfrentamiento con un samurái, un evento que se menciona como un hecho curioso en el guion.
¿Qué tradición se menciona en relación con la joyería Fabergé durante el reinado de Alejandro III?
-Se menciona que Alejandro III inició la tradición de encargar un huevo de Fabergé cada año en Pascua, una tradición que continuó hasta la revolución.
Outlines
🏛️ La Revolución Rusa y sus Paralelismos con la Revolución Francesa
El primer párrafo explora las similitudes entre la Revolución Rusa y la Revolución Francesa, comparando figuras históricas como Lenin con Robespierre y Marx con Voltaire. Se menciona la situación de los campesinos hambrientos y las mujeres que marchaban exigiendo pan, así como los inviernos terribles de 1788 y 1917. Se describen los esfuerzos por limitar el poder del monarca en ambos casos, con la Tennis Court Oath y la creación de las Dumas. La narrativa se centra en la dinastía Romanov, destacando la historia de poder y violencia que duró más de 300 años, y la vida de Nicolás II, quien heredó la corona a los 13 años sin prever su destino.
👑 La Era de Alexander II y el Asesinato por Narodnaya Volya
Este párrafo se enfoca en el reinado de Alexander II, conocido como 'Alexander the Liberator' por su intento de abolir la servidumbre en Rusia. A pesar de sus ideas progresistas y su plan de crear un parlamento elegido, enfrentó la violencia de la organización terrorista Narodnaya Volya. Se narra el asesinato fallido de Alexander II, quien sobrevivió a un atentado con una valija explosiva, pero finalmente murió por heridas de otro atentado. El impacto de este evento en su nieto Nicolás II, quien estaba en el Palacio de Invierno durante el asesinato, se describe brevemente.
🚂 El Reinado de Alexander III y la Construcción del Transiberiano
El tercer párrafo cubre el reinado de Alexander III, hijo de Alexander II, quien fue opuesto a las reformas liberales de su padre. Se retiraron propuestas de parlamento y se reprimieron las libertades civiles, mientras se incrementó la represión policial y la vigilancia. Se menciona la construcción del ferrocarril Transiberiano, un proyecto que demandó años de trabajo y sacrificios humanos. También se habla de la tradición de los huevos de Fabergé, un lujo que el zar permitió a sí mismo. Finalmente, se describe el ambiente de la época, con la organización terrorista Narodnaya Volya en auge y el impacto emocional en Lenin tras el asesinato de su hermano.
🛳 El Viaje Mundial del Czarevich y su Luto Inesperado
Este párrafo relata el viaje alrededor del mundo del joven Czarevich Nicholas, destinado a expandir su educación y habilidades diplomáticas, pero que también buscaba terminar su relación con la bailarina Mathilde Kschessinska. Se describen los destinos del viaje, incluyendo Egipto, la India y Japón, y un incidente con un samurai que casi termina en tragedia. La nostalgia de Nicholas se refleja en sus cartas a casa, y su madre, Maria Feodorovna, intenta motivarlo a ser un líder adecuado. La muerte inesperada de Alexander III y el rápido desarrollo de eventos, incluyendo el matrimonio de Nicholas y su coronación, se narran con detalle.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Revolución Rusa
💡Peasants
💡Terrorismo
💡Duma
💡Alejandro II
💡Alejandro III
💡Narodnaya Volya
💡Transiberiano
💡Fabergé
💡Nicholas II
Highlights
La revolución rusa es comparada con la revolución francesa, con figuras paralelas como Lenin y Robespierre, y Marx y Voltaire.
La historia de los Romanov está llena de sangre, gobernando Rusia por más de 300 años.
Alexander II, conocido como 'Alexander el Libertador', disuelve el sistema de la servidumbre en Rusia.
Alexander II planeaba crear un parlamento elegido, la Duma, antes de su muerte prematura.
Narodnaya Volya, 'La Voluntad del Pueblo', es una organización terrorista que asesina a Alexander II.
El joven Nicholas, nieto de Alexander II, presencia la muerte de su bisabuelo y la sangre derramada.
Alexander III, padre de Nicholas II, se opone a las reformas liberales y reprime las libertades civiles en Rusia.
La construcción del Transiberiano y la tradición de los huevos de Fabergé comienzan durante el reinado de Alexander III.
El intento de asesinato contra Alexander III en 1888 muestra su fuerza física excepcional.
El hermano de Lenin, Aleksandr Ulyanov, es ejecutado tras un intento de asesinato fallido contra Alexander III.
Nicholas II, el último zar de Rusia, se casa con Alexandra, una semana después del funeral de su padre.
La coronación de Nicholas II en 1896 termina en una trágica estampida que deja a 1400 personas muertas.
La ceremonia de coronación de Nicholas II es un evento gigantesco, donde el zar es visto como una representación de Dios en la tierra.
La distribución de los regalos del zar durante la coronación desencadena una estampida por la falta de comida.
La reacción del pueblo a la coronación y la estampida marca el inicio del fin de la monarquía rusa.
Transcripts
Drawing the history
Ah, the russian revolution
So much like the french revolution
Instead of Robespierre there is Lenin
Instead of Voltaire there is Marx
Instead of hungry peasants there are...well...hungry peasants
Fisher ladies marching for bread
Factory working ladies marching for bread
an horrible winter in 1788
an horrible winter in 1917
but furthermore here, they were at war
yay
the tennis court oath restricting the king's power
the creation of dumas as a legislative action to restrict the Czar's power
instead of Versailles there is the Winter Palace
and finally, instead of the Bourbon there are the Romanov
the story of the Romanov is a story of blood
a lot of blood
the blood that ruled Russia for more than 300 years
through generations and generations of monarchs
some of them leaving their names in history
some others not really
it is also the story of the liters and liters of blood shed by the russian people
so they could support that heavy crown
the blood that was spilled over all those years left and right between the same family members
between tricks and deceits in order to occupy the throne
that was the blood that flowed through the veins of little Nicky
whom at only 13 years old, couldn't have known what the future would bring
his blood was the same of his father
Alexander Alexandrovich Romanov
and of the father of his father, his grandfather: the czar Alexander II of Russia
also known as Alexander the liberator
Alexander II was known for having progressive and liberal ideas
he dissolved the serfdom system in Russia which gave him his nickname
even at mere weeks of his premature death
he was planning with his close collaborators
the creation of an elected parliament or Duma
That's right, Mikhailovich
the parliamentary system of the Duma will take the russian people to a stable path towards the progress
when the 20th century arrives
the monarchy will be now a constitutional monarchy
my grandsons now will only have to pose and look cute at fancy events
and comply with formalities
meanwhile, others will have to deal with the tedious task of managing a country this big
in the new century
the monarchs will only have to look good
and be on newspapers and gossip magazines now and then
because of an adorable but embarrassing relative
I can see it
OK! Czars
Believe me! it will be fantastic
Eh....sure
You are such a visionary, sir
But even with his visionary capacity
and progressive ideas
Alexander II faced hard times
when the revolution would start to be felt on the air
in particular, during his reign around 1880
arised one of the first terrorist organizations
the Narodnaya Volya
or "The People's Will"
Ok, maybe their headquarters didn't look exactly like that
but
well
sometimes it doesn't hurt anybody to overdo things a little bit
Comrades, so that the russian people can live peacefully
we must crush the aristocracy
Yeah!
kill the capitalism
Yeah!
assure the effective vote,
the popular representation,
and the freedom of speech of the press
and of assembly
as well as the possibility of the people to rule themselves
because we are a terrorist organization
but for Mother Russia
we have principles
Yeah....
and now
let's blow to pieces that Alexander II!
Yay!!
And so, the morning of a sunday in March of 1881
the Czar was traveling with 6 cossacks
a polish noble
the police head
and the head of the imperial guard
going towards the Mikhailovsky Manège
for a royal call
when a young supporter of the Narodnaya
called Nikolai Rysakov
threw an explosive briefcase under the carriage
Good morning, isn't it?
Yeah, really good
The explotion killed a Cossack
and seriously injured the driver
as well as the people who were passing by the street
but the Csar was barely scratched
How lucky that we were in my armored carriage
a gift from my good friend Napoleon III
Oh, that "Napo"
he really was used to attacks like these and stuff
It is too early to thank God!
Tyrant!!
Ignacy Hryniewiecki was carrying a second explosive briefcase
in case the first one wasn't enough
Oh yeah, because a cautious terrorist organization is worth two of its kind
there was even a third guy around
with another explosive briefcase which wasn't needed anymore
the dying Czar's body was carried by sleigh to the Winter Palace
and in his study, Alexander II of Russia bled to death
his grandson, the young Nicholas was at the palace that day
and surely all that blood must have been a shock to him
blood of his blood
and the fear that his blood would be spilled too someday
at the death of Alexander II, his son succeeded
Nicholas' father: Alexander III
the thing about Alexander III is that he was... big
really big
his physical strength was without a doubt one of his most outstanding attributes in his historical legacy
there are all kind of stories
for example, that he broke in half a rifle with his bare hands
Alexander III turned out to be complete opposite of his father about reformist and liberal issues
he immediately pulled back anything about a Duma or parliament
he started to supress civil liberties in Russia
and encourage police aggression
as well as to reinforce spying tactics inside his secret police
which was in charge of finding rebellious cells in, let's say, student groups
and then deport them to Siberia
in the best case scenario
in the worst one...well...
in his reign began the construction of the Tran-Siberian railway
which took years of hard work, sweat, a lot of blood and lots of lives
and it also started the tradition to commission an egg every year on easter to this jeweler
Carl Fabergé
Beginnig this way a tradition that would last a lot of years
until the revolution
because a Czar has the right too to have fondness to collect small fantasy jewelry
Ok, maybe these last pictures are not real
actually all were gifts for the empress
Nicholas' mother
Maria Feodorovna
Who was from Denmark
Denmark
but in 1887
the Narodnaya Volya was in high spirits more than ever
they were gaining followers everywhere
that, by the way, is Aleksandr Ilyich Ulyanov
Lenin's big brother
Colleagues,
it has been 6 years since our victory against the czarist system
Yay!
We broke Alexander II
Yay!
And now, we will break Alexander III
Yay!!
And so, many murder attempts against the Czar started to be planned and even carried out
being one of the most successful ones
the one who took place in October of 1888
when the royal train in which the Czar and his family where traveling on was attacked
an event where the Czar's physichal strength would be brought up once again
Dear! Escape with the kids
while I can bear this heavy roof made out of reinforced steel
Oh, Alexander, you are so strong and brave
my hero, my indestructible giant
Yeah, well...
hurry up, woman! this is really heavy
The Czar and his family came out relatively unharmed from the derailment
and many members of the Narodnaya,
between them Lenin's brother,
were executed
this event would emotionaly mark the now young and inoffensive Lenin
meanwhile on the other side of Russia
in the Gatchina Palace
the now young Czarevitch was too feeling grief and sadness
because of problems of other nature
love problems
Oh dear cousin, don't take it wrong
Alix is beautiful
and I like her so much
and honestly, my parents could have engaged me with any of those fat and cross-eyed princesses from the Oldenburg
but Mathilde has me head over heels
I can only give in to love
The cousin to whom the young czarevitch was writting to
was the heir to the throne and future king of England
George V
and the Mathilde he was talking about was her
Mathilde Kschessinska
A ballerina who had an affair with the young czarevitch not well looked upon by his parents
So in 1890, the Czar and Czarina
decided to send their firstborn to a journey around the world
to reinforce his education and diplomatic habilities
And end this affair of his with that ballerina while he is at it
And the czarevitch set off on the Pamiat Azova
with a schedule that included stops in Egypt, India and Japan
where he was about to die by the hands of a Samurai
If I may
You have insulted my honor
and the honor of my dear wife
prepare yourself to be sliced like a dirty fish
Die, you nasty foreigner!
Yeah, the fight didn't escalate
but that is a fun fact
the journey would last 9 months
9 months that would seem like years to the poor "Nicho"
This journey lacks sense
my life
my whole life seems like it doesn't makes sense
Yeah...
it must be horrible to be you, master
Stop talking and move on, Jaime
It is Hai-me
Whatever, chop-chop
The nostalgia that Nicholas felt for his home
could be felt in the mail that he sent home
that's why the Czarina, his mother,
Maria Feodorovna
had to take some action
Son, I supplicate that you stop being a pussy once for all
and start acting like the Czar's heir
you must remember what you represent
P.S. Fabergé sends this beautiful egg
and inside of it there is a miniature replica of the boat you are traveling on
made out of gold, floating on a gorgeous aquamarine stone
Toys?
What am I? a kid?
I feel so misunderstood
Your life must be a hell, master
Shut up!
His mother's words would echo inside his head in November of 1894
when...well...
the Czar, Alexander III died in an unexpected way
apparently by kidney failure
hey, you don't bear a train's roof of who knows how many kilos
without suffering consequences to your health
at his 26 years, Nicholas tried to act accordingly
so he desperately screamed and went around in circles
...for a while
Oh my god, oh my god, no!
what a day!
the horror!
why god? why?!
why have you taken our dear and beloved father?
I am not ready to be a Czar!
I have never wanted to be one
I have no clue on how to reign!
I barely talk to the ministers
And from this moment, everything started to happen really fast for Nicholas and his fiancee Alexandra
whose wedding was celebrated only a week after the funeral
Alexandra's diary: The wedding seemed to me more like a continuation of the funeral services
the only difference was that I was wearing a white dress instead of a black one
The Czar's mourning lasted almost 2 years
and in 1896 the coronation ceremony took place
There was a new king
the Czar Nicholas II
the last Czar of Russia
Now, we have to stop and say that in Russia
more than in any other place in this period
the Czar's figure was a representation of God in earth
so the ceremony was a huge event
huge
It was a tradition for the ceremony
that the Czar gave presents to the people
usually food
deli meat, cheese, bread pieces
vodka
like the groceries the politicians gift here in election times but cooler
the thing is that in 1896 the people started to feel somewhat hungry so...
Alright!
We are ready to distribute the Czar Nicholas' gifts
Eh...yeah...well...the thing is that...
What happened, brat?
we have 20 more boxes like this
a feast is awaiting the russian people
The thing is that more people than expected came, sergeant
Can we take 2 Czar's gifts per person?
because...we are 30 at home
Hey! don't jump in the queue!
I have been here since 6 o'clock
oh yeah?
I have been here since two days ago
I have been here since two weeks ago
If anyone is taking 2 packages, that's gonna be me!
Shut up fat old hag!
shut up!!
To make it short, there was a human stampede
that left 1400 dead people that were crushed by the mass hysteria
plus more than 1300 injured
the event wasn't going to be seen like a good sign for the future monarchs
just like how Nicholas and Alexandra didn't pause the celebrations
to join the national mourning
It is said that the Czar and the Czarina were extremely upset
but were advised to continue with the festivities according to the protocol
that action would never be forgotten
nor forgiven by the russian people
TO BE CONTINUED
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