Storage Systems - Fuel Systems - Airframes & Aircraft Systems #65
Summary
TLDRThis lesson explores the different fuel storage methods in aircraft, including integral, rigid, and flexible tanks. Integral tanks are part of the aircraft's structure, offering minimal added weight and are common in large passenger planes. Rigid tanks are separate metal containers found in smaller aircraft and can be externally mounted. Flexible tanks, or fuel bladders, are used in high-performance light aircraft and military planes for their self-sealing properties. All tanks incorporate baffles to reduce fuel movement during maneuvers, and some feature baffle check valves to control fuel flow. Additional components like vents, gauging systems, and filler caps are also discussed.
Takeaways
- 🛩️ Aircraft fuel is stored in tanks that can be integral, rigid, or flexible.
- 💧 Integral tanks are formed by sealing parts of the aircraft structure like wings and stabilizers during manufacturing.
- 🔩 Rigid tanks are separate, removable containers that do not contribute to the aircraft's structural integrity.
- 🔖 Flexible tanks, or fuel bladders, are reinforced rubberized bags that are secured within the aircraft structure.
- ✈️ Modern large passenger aircraft typically use integral tanks due to their structural efficiency.
- 🏞️ Smaller general aviation aircraft often use rigid tanks, which may be mounted externally on the wingtips.
- 🔒 Flexible tanks are popular in high-performance light aircraft and military aircraft for their self-sealing capabilities.
- 🚫 Integral tanks minimize extra weight as they utilize existing aircraft structure.
- 🔄 Baffles are installed in fuel tanks to restrict fuel movement and reduce inertial forces during maneuvers.
- 💧 Baffle check valves may be used to allow fuel flow inboard but restrict outboard flow towards wingtips.
Q & A
What are the different methods for storing fuel onboard an airplane?
-There are three main methods for storing fuel onboard an airplane: integral tanks, rigid tanks, and flexible tanks.
How are integral tanks created and what is their advantage?
-Integral tanks are created by sealing the insides of the wings, horizontal stabilizers, and the center section torsion box during manufacture. Their advantage is that they add little extra weight to the aircraft as they are formed from the structure already required.
In which types of aircraft are integral tanks commonly found?
-Integral tanks are commonly found in all modern large passenger aircraft.
What are rigid tanks and where are they typically installed?
-Rigid tanks are sealed containers mounted in or on the aircraft wing or fuselage. They are typically installed in a compartment designed to accommodate the tank and are commonly found in smaller general aviation aircraft.
What material are rigid tanks usually made of?
-Rigid tanks are usually made of metal and may be removed for inspection, replacement, or repair.
What is a flexible tank and what are they sometimes called?
-A flexible tank is a reinforced rubberized bag installed in a section of the aircraft structure. They are sometimes referred to as fuel bladders or bag tanks.
Why are flexible tanks often used in high-performance light aircraft and military aircraft?
-Flexible tanks are often used in high-performance light aircraft and military aircraft because they are less likely to split on impact and can be effectively self-sealing in the event of minor battle damage.
What is the purpose of baffles fitted inside larger aircraft fuel tanks?
-Baffles are fitted inside fuel tanks to restrict the movement of the fuel and minimize the large inertial forces generated when the fuel surges during aircraft maneuvers.
What are baffle check valves and how do they function?
-Baffle check valves allow fuel to flow inboard but restrict its flow outboard towards the wingtips during maneuvers, helping to control fuel movement within the tank.
What additional components are found in aircraft fuel tanks, especially in larger aircraft?
-In larger aircraft, fuel tanks also incorporate vents, a gauging system, water drains, filler caps, booster pumps, low-level float switches, and pressure refueling valves.
Why are vents and water drains important in aircraft fuel tanks?
-Vents are important for allowing air to escape as fuel is added, preventing overpressurization, while water drains are used to remove any water that may accumulate at the bottom of the tank, which can contaminate the fuel.
Outlines
🛩️ Aircraft Fuel Storage Methods
This paragraph discusses the different methods for storing fuel on an aircraft. It explains the use of integral, rigid, and flexible tanks. Integral tanks are formed by sealing parts of the aircraft structure like wings and stabilizers, offering large storage volumes with minimal added weight. Rigid tanks are separate, removable containers typically found in smaller aircraft, not contributing to the aircraft's structural integrity. Flexible tanks, or 'bladders,' are used in high-performance light aircraft and military planes for their self-sealing properties. All tanks include baffles to reduce fuel movement during maneuvers, and some may have baffle check valves to control fuel flow. The paragraph also mentions additional tank components like vents, gauging systems, and filler caps, with larger aircraft having more complex systems.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Integral Tanks
💡Rigid Tanks
💡Flexible Tanks
💡Baffles
💡Fuel Surge
💡Baffle Check Valves
💡Vents
💡Gauging System
💡Water Drains
💡Filler Caps
💡Booster Pumps
Highlights
Various methods used for storing fuel onboard an aeroplane
Fuel is carried in tanks within the aircraft, which can be integral, rigid, or flexible
Integral tanks are formed by sealing parts of the aircraft structure during manufacture
Integral tanks offer the advantage of adding little extra weight to the aircraft
All modern large passenger aircraft utilize integral type tanks
Rigid tanks are sealed containers mounted in or on the aircraft wing or fuselage
Rigid tanks are commonly found in smaller general aviation aircraft
Flexible tanks, or fuel bladders, are reinforced rubberized bags
Bladder tanks are used in high-performance light aircraft and some smaller turboprops
Flexible tanks are less likely to split on impact and can self-seal in case of minor battle damage
Baffles are fitted inside larger aircraft fuel tanks to restrict fuel movement
Baffles minimize the inertial forces generated during aircraft maneuvers
Some aircraft have baffle check valves to control fuel flow during maneuvers
Fuel tanks incorporate vents, a gauging system, water drains, and filler caps
Larger aircraft tanks feature booster pumps, low-level float switches, and pressure refueling valves
The lesson emphasizes the types of fuel tanks and their functions in aircraft
Transcripts
in this short lesson we will examine the
various methods used for storing fuel
onboard an aeroplane
the view is carried in or on the
aircraft within tanks
which can be integral rigid or flexible
integral tanks are made by sealing
during manufacture the insides of the
wings
and depending on type the horizontal
stabiliser
and the center section torsion box
between the wings to provide large
volume for storage
the advantage of the integral type tank
is that there is little extra weight
added to the aircraft as the tank is
formed from the structure already
required
all modern large passenger aircraft will
have this type of tank
a rigid tank is a sealed container
mounted in or on the aircraft wing or
fuselage
rigea tanks are installed in a
compartment designed to accommodate the
tank they are typically of metal
construction and may be removed for
inspection replacement or repair
the aircraft does not rely on the tank
for structural integrity
these tanks are commonly found in
smaller general aviation aircraft
rigid tanks may be fitted externally on
the wingtip for example
they may be made of metal or other
composite construction
flexible tanks are reinforced rubberized
bags installed in a section of the
aircraft structure designed to
accommodate the weight of the fuel
they are sometimes referred to as fuel
bladders or bag tanks
the bladder is secured by means of metal
buttons or snaps inside the compartment
many high-performance light aircraft and
some smaller turbo props use bladder
tanks
they are also often fitted in military
aircraft as they are less likely than
the other two types to split on impact
and they can be effectively self-sealing
in the event of minor battle damage
occurring
all the larger aircraft fuel tanks have
baffles fitted inside them
baffles are fitted within the tank to
restrict the movement of the fuel and
minimize the large inertial forces
generated when the fuel surges during
aircraft maneuvers
some aircraft may be fitted with baffle
check valves which allow the fuel to
flow in board but restricts its flow
outboard towards the wingtips during
maneuvers
fuel tanks also incorporate vents
a gauging system
water drains and filler caps
in larger aircraft the tanks will also
have booster pumps
low level float switches
and pressure refueling valves these
components will all be explained in
detail in later lessons
the main points to be taken from this
lesson are that aircraft fuel tanks can
be integral rigid or flexible
and the baffles are fitted in the tanks
to minimize fuel surges during aircraft
maneuvers
remember that some aircraft may be
fitted with baffle check valves which
allow the fuel to flow in board but
restrict its flow outboard towards the
wingtips during maneuvers
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