APUSH American Pageant Chapter 3 Review Video

Summary

This educational video script delves into the history of the northern American colonies, focusing on New England's religious and political development. It discusses the Protestant Reformation's impact, the rise of Calvinism and Puritanism, and the establishment of colonies like Massachusetts Bay and Rhode Island. The script highlights key figures like John Winthrop and Roger Williams, and pivotal events such as the Mayflower Compact and King Philip's War. It also touches on the concept of 'salutary neglect' and the New England Confederation, providing insights into early forms of self-government and colonial unity.

Takeaways

• 📜 The Protestant Reformation led to the creation of new branches in Christianity, starting with Martin Luther's 95 Theses against the Catholic Church.
• 🤔 Calvinists, followers of John Calvin, believe in predestination, the idea that God has already chosen who will be saved and who will not.
• 🕊 Puritans, who were Calvinists, sought to purify the Anglican Church of Catholic rituals but did not wish to break away from it.
• 🌐 The Mayflower Compact was an agreement that established self-government based on the will of the majority, a significant step towards democracy.
• 🏛 John Winthrop's 'city upon a hill' speech emphasized the Massachusetts Bay Colony's role as a moral example for the world.
• 🚫 The Massachusetts Bay Colony practiced a limited form of democracy, restricted to white, landowning male church members.
• 🚷 Anne Hutchinson and Roger Williams were both banished from the Massachusetts Bay Colony for challenging church and government authority.
• 🌱 Rhode Island, founded by Roger Williams, was known for its complete religious toleration, accepting all religions, not just Christians.
• 📜 The Fundamental Orders of Connecticut represent one of the earliest forms of a constitution in the colonies.
• ✌️ Pennsylvania, founded by William Penn, was a proprietor colony with a Quaker influence, promoting religious toleration and women's rights.
• 🔪 Conflicts with Native Americans, such as King Philip's War, were primarily over land, with Native Americans generally losing out.
• 🛃 The Navigation Acts were enforced by the Ion of England to ensure colonies only traded with England or its colonies, but smuggling was common to circumvent these laws.
• 🤝 Salutary neglect was a British policy that allowed colonies to self-govern as long as they were profitable to England.

Q & A

What was the main cause of the Protestant Reformation?

The main cause of the Protestant Reformation was Martin Luther's 95 theses, which were protests against the Catholic Church, leading to the division of Christianity into new branches.

What is the concept of predestination as believed by Calvinists?

Predestination is the belief that God has chosen who will be saved and who will be damned, and that there is nothing individuals can do to change this divine decision.

What were the Puritans' main goals regarding the Church of England?

The Puritans aimed to purify the Church of England of all Catholic rituals and practices. They did not want to break away from the church but rather reform it.

Who were the Separatists and what did they believe?

The Separatists were extreme Puritans who believed that the Church of England was beyond reform and that they needed to separate from it entirely to establish a new church.

What is the significance of the Mayflower Compact?

The Mayflower Compact was an agreement that established that the government would be run by the will of the majority, marking a step towards self-government in the New World.

What did John Winthrop mean by 'a city upon a hill'?

John Winthrop's 'city upon a hill' metaphor referred to the Massachusetts Bay Colony's goal of being a moral and exemplary society that would serve as a model for the rest of the world.

What was the role of town meetings in the Massachusetts Bay Colony?

Town meetings in the Massachusetts Bay Colony were a form of early government where decisions were made by the community, limited to white landowning male church members.

Who were Anne Hutchinson and Roger Williams, and why were they significant?

Anne Hutchinson and Roger Williams were religious dissenters in the Massachusetts Bay Colony. Hutchinson challenged gender roles and the authority of the church, while Williams advocated for the complete separation from the Church of England and religious freedom.

What was the purpose of the New England Confederation?

The New England Confederation was formed to provide a defense against Native Americans, Dutch, and French threats, showcasing an early example of colonial unity.

What were the Navigation Acts and why were they significant?

The Navigation Acts were laws established to enforce trade restrictions, requiring that colonies could only trade with England or its colonies. They were significant as they led to smuggling and highlighted colonial resistance to British control.

What is 'salutary neglect' and its importance in colonial history?

Salutary neglect was a British policy of allowing the colonies to govern themselves as long as they generated profit for England. It was important as it allowed for the development of self-governance and local institutions in the colonies.

What were the consequences of King Philip's War for Native Americans in New England?

King Philip's War resulted in a significant defeat for the Native Americans, reducing their threat in New England to a sporadic one and further solidifying English control over the region.