Matter and its Properties : Consumer Products

Summary

This chemistry lesson delves into the composition of everyday consumer products, emphasizing the importance of understanding chemical ingredients for safety, quality, and cost-effectiveness. It covers toothpaste, highlighting fluoride's role in dental health and the function of surfactants like SLS. The video also explores food product labels, focusing on nutrition facts, additives, and the significance of ingredients like proteins and sugars. Lastly, it discusses soaps and detergents, their chemical makeup, and the impact of ingredients like triclosan and sulfate salts on health and cleanliness.

Takeaways

• 🦷 Fluoride is an active ingredient in toothpaste that strengthens tooth enamel and helps prevent cavities.
• 🛡️ Sodium monofluorophosphate is added to toothpaste to minimize tartar accumulation and prevent gingivitis.
• 🌊 Surfactants like sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) are responsible for the foaming action in toothpaste, aiding in plaque removal.
• 🌱 Some consumers experience irritation from SLS, leading to the availability of SLS-free toothpaste with alternative surfactants.
• 🍯 Humectants such as glycerol, propylene glycol, and sorbitol prevent toothpaste from hardening when exposed to air.
• 🌿 Natural thickeners like polysaccharides and abrasives like hydrated silica, aluminum oxide, and magnesium carbonates are used in toothpaste formulations.
• 🌼 Flavoring agents like peppermint, menthol, and eugenol are added to toothpaste for a pleasant taste and mouthfeel.
• 🍽 Nutrition facts on food product labels provide important information about serving sizes, nutrient content, and daily values.
• 🥗 The daily value (DV) on food labels is based on a 2,000 calorie diet and helps consumers understand the nutrient intake relative to daily needs.
• 🚫 Dietitians recommend avoiding high percentages of DV for saturated fat, trans fat, cholesterol, and sodium to prevent heart disease and high blood pressure.
• 🌈 Food additives, including preservatives, fortifiers, and colorants, are used to improve taste, quality, and shelf life, but must be used carefully to avoid health issues.
• 🧼 Soaps and detergents are made by mixing oils with alkaline substances, and their ingredients can vary, affecting their cleaning effectiveness and safety for use.

Q & A

What is the main focus of the general chemistry class described in the script?

The main focus of the class is to compare consumer products based on their components for use, safety, quality, and costs, with a particular emphasis on chemicals found in everyday items like toothpaste, food products, and detergents.

What is the role of fluoride in toothpaste?

Fluoride, often in the form of sodium fluoride or sodium monofluorophosphate, strengthens the enamel, the outermost layer of our teeth, and helps prevent tooth decay.

Why is triclosan sometimes added to toothpaste?

Triclosan is added to toothpaste to kill bacteria in the mouth and is used to prevent gingivitis, or inflammation of the gums.

What is the purpose of surfactants like sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) in toothpaste?

Surfactants like SLS are responsible for the bubbling action of toothpaste during brushing, which helps in the effective removal of plaque.

Why might some people prefer toothpaste without sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS)?

Some people may experience irritation to SLS, leading to the market availability of SLS-free toothpaste that uses alternative surfactants.

What are some of the common thickening agents used in toothpaste to prevent it from drying out when exposed to air?

Common thickening agents include glycerol, propylene glycol, and sorbitol, which are large molecules known as polysaccharides.

What is the importance of reading the nutrition facts label on food products?

The nutrition facts label provides information on the recommended serving size, nutrient content, and daily values, which helps consumers make informed decisions about their diet and health.

What does the term 'daily value' (DV) on a nutrition label represent?

The daily value represents the percentage of the recommended daily intake of a nutrient based on a 2,000 calorie diet, helping consumers understand the nutrient content of a food product relative to their daily needs.

Why are food additives used in food products?

Food additives are used to improve the taste, quality, and appearance of food, as well as to extend its shelf life by slowing down the growth of microorganisms.

What is the purpose of fortification in food products?

Fortification is the process of adding vitamins, minerals, or other nutrients to food products to improve their nutritional value and meet certain standards.

What are some concerns regarding the use of artificial coloring agents in food products?

Artificial coloring agents, while making food products more visually appealing, must be used in small amounts due to potential health problems they can cause.

How do soaps and detergents differ in their production process?

Soaps are produced by mixing oil with an alkaline substance like sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide, with solid soap made using lye and liquid soap made using potash.

What is the role of triclosan and triclucarban in antibacterial soaps, and is there any controversy surrounding them?

Triclosan and triclucarban are added to antibacterial soaps to enhance their germ-killing properties. However, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration has reported that there is no study proving their significant advantage over regular soap in removing bacteria.

Why should consumers consider the chemical composition of consumer products when making a purchase?

Considering the chemical composition helps consumers understand which ingredients are beneficial and which may be harmful, allowing them to make informed choices that serve their needs without compromising their health.

Outlines

00:00

🦷 Chemistry in Consumer Products: Toothpaste Ingredients

The first paragraph introduces the concept of chemistry in everyday consumer products, focusing on toothpaste as an example. It explains the role of fluoride, which is a key ingredient in toothpaste for strengthening teeth enamel. Sodium fluoride and sodium monofluorophosphate are common fluoride compounds used. The paragraph also discusses the addition of triclosan and sodium pyrophosphate to prevent gingivitis and the use of surfactants like sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) for effective plaque removal. It mentions the availability of SLS-free toothpaste for those who experience irritation. Humectants such as glycerol and sorbitol are highlighted for their role in preventing toothpaste from hardening. Thickeners like polysaccharides and abrasives like hydrated silica, aluminum oxide, and magnesium carbonates are also mentioned for their function in stain removal and teeth whitening. Lastly, the paragraph touches on flavorings and their chemical components, such as menthol and eugenol.

05:02

🍽 Understanding Food Product Labels and Chemicals

The second paragraph delves into the importance of reading food product labels, particularly the nutrition facts, which provide information on serving size, nutrient content, and daily values. It emphasizes the significance of calories, the daily value percentages, and the recommended intake of nutrients like saturated fat, trans fat, cholesterol, and sodium to avoid health issues such as heart disease and high blood pressure. The paragraph also discusses the role of vitamins, minerals, and fibers, as well as the moderation of protein and sugar intake. It mentions the presence of food additives, preservatives like nitrites and nitrates, and the concept of fortification to improve nutrient content. The paragraph also addresses the use of color additives, both natural and artificial, and the importance of being aware of potential allergens in food products.

10:06

🧼 Soaps and Detergents: Chemical Composition and Usage

The third paragraph discusses the production and composition of soaps and detergents, highlighting the process of making them from oils and alkaline substances like sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide. It differentiates between solid and liquid soaps and mentions the presence of antibacterial agents like triclosan and glucarbine, noting the lack of evidence supporting their superiority over regular soap. The paragraph also covers the use of sulfate salts in detergents for cleaning purposes and advises against their use on the skin due to potential health risks. It concludes by stressing the importance of considering the chemical composition of consumer products over price and quantity to ensure health and safety, and it encourages consumers to educate themselves on ingredient benefits and dangers.

Keywords

💡Fluoride

Fluoride is a naturally occurring mineral that is known for its benefits in dental health. In the context of the video, fluoride is an active ingredient in toothpaste, where it helps to strengthen the enamel, the outermost layer of our teeth. The script mentions that most fluoride-containing compounds used are sodium fluoride and sodium monofluorophosphate, illustrating the direct application of fluoride in consumer products for oral care.

💡Surfactants

Surfactants are compounds that lower the surface tension of a liquid, allowing it to mix with another liquid. In the script, sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) is mentioned as a surfactant in toothpaste, responsible for the bubbling during brushing, which aids in the effective removal of plaque. The video also touches on the market availability of SLS-free toothpaste for those who experience irritation from this chemical, indicating the importance of surfactants in formulation and consumer choice.

💡Glycerol

Glycerol, also known as glycerin, is a simple polyol compound that is used in various consumer products for its humectant properties. The video script explains that glycerol, along with propylene glycol and sorbitol, serves to prevent toothpaste from drying out when exposed to air, highlighting its role in maintaining the product's consistency and longevity.

💡Polysaccharides

Polysaccharides are complex carbohydrates consisting of long chains of sugar molecules. In the context of the video, they are mentioned as 'big molecules' used to thicken the formulation of toothpaste. This illustrates the use of polysaccharides in creating the texture and stability of consumer products, such as toothpaste.

💡Nutrition Facts

Nutrition Facts labels provide consumers with information about the serving size, nutrient content, and caloric value of food products. The script emphasizes the importance of these labels in making informed dietary choices, such as checking the amount of calories per serving and the percentage of daily value (DV) for various nutrients, which helps in understanding the nutritional impact of food consumption.

💡Food Additives

Food additives are substances added to food products to improve their taste, quality, or shelf life. The video discusses how additives can enhance the flavor or preserve food, but also mentions the potential health concerns associated with certain additives, such as nitrites and nitrates used in meat production, which are reported as potential carcinogens.

💡Fortification

Fortification refers to the process of adding essential nutrients to food products to improve their nutritional value. The script mentions that in the Philippines, locally made products with a 'Sanka Pinoy' seal on the label have undergone fortification, indicating that they meet certain nutritional standards and are enriched with additional nutrients.

💡Colorants

Colorants are substances added to food products to enhance their visual appeal. The video distinguishes between natural colorants, such as those derived from plants like blueberries and turmeric, and artificial coloring agents, which are chemically prepared. It cautions that artificial colorants must be used in small amounts due to potential health risks, reflecting the balance between aesthetics and safety in food production.

💡Allergens

Allergens are substances that can cause allergic reactions in some individuals. The script points out the importance of manufacturers disclosing the presence of potential allergens in food products, even if they are not listed as ingredients but may be contained in the product during its processing. This is crucial for consumers with allergies to make informed choices.

💡Detergents

Detergents are substances used for cleaning purposes, including household cleaning and washing clothes and dishes. The video explains that detergents typically contain sulfate salts, which are effective cleaning agents. However, it also cautions against using detergents for personal care due to their chemical composition, emphasizing the importance of selecting appropriate products for different uses.

💡Triclosan

Triclosan is an antimicrobial chemical that was commonly used in antibacterial soaps. The script mentions that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration has reported no significant evidence that triclosan provides additional benefits in removing bacteria compared to regular soap, suggesting that its use in consumer products may not be necessary and could be reconsidered.

Highlights

The class focuses on comparing consumer products based on their components, use, safety, quality, and costs.

Chemicals are present in all consumer goods, even those essential to daily life.

Fluoride in toothpaste strengthens teeth and prevents gingivitis.

Sodium monofluorophosphate is added to toothpaste to minimize tartar accumulation.

Surfactants like sodium laurel sulfate (SLS) are responsible for toothpaste's bubbling effect.

Some people experience irritation from SLS, leading to the market availability of SLS-free toothpaste.

Humectants such as glycerol, propylene glycol, and sorbitol prevent toothpaste from hardening.

Polysaccharides are large molecules used as thickeners in toothpaste formulations.

Abrasives like hydrated silica, aluminum oxide, and magnesium carbonates help remove stains and keep teeth white.

Flavorings such as peppermint and eugenol are added to toothpaste for pleasant taste.

Food products' chemical processing can provide nutrients or cause adverse effects.

Nutrition facts on food labels provide recommended serving sizes and nutrient content.

Low daily value percentages for saturated fat, trans fat, cholesterol, and sodium are desirable.

High daily value percentages for vitamins, minerals, and fibers are preferable.

Food additives improve taste and quality, while preservatives prolong shelf life.

Nitrites and nitrates are used as preservatives but are potential carcinogens.

Fortification is the process of adding or improving nutrient content in food products.

Color additives, both natural and artificial, are used to make food products more visually appealing.

Allergen alerts on labels inform consumers about substances that may not be listed as ingredients.

Soaps and detergents are made by mixing oils with alkaline substances like sodium hydroxide.

Triclosan and triclocarban in antibacterial soaps have no proven advantage over regular soap.

Detergents contain sulfate salts used for cleaning, but their use on the body is not advisable.

The cost of consumer products does not always correlate with quality; chemical composition is crucial.

Consumers must understand which ingredients are beneficial or harmful to make informed product choices.

Transcripts

it is

Hawaiian and good day future chemist

welcome to the general chemistry one

class this section is a matter and its

properties focusing on chemicals in

consumer products

let's begin

in this lesson we will compare consumer

products on the basis of their

components for use safety quality and

costs

[Music]

anything around us is made up of

chemicals in contrast to a negative

connotation that chemicals are just

substance that are bugs or health

chemicals are present even in Goods

essential to our daily lives

for this lesson we will discuss some of

the chemicals found in consumer products

like toothpaste food products and salt

and detergents

yeah

first are toothpaste

fluoride is one of the active

ingredients of toothpaste

most fluoride containing compounds used

are sodium fluoride and sodium

monofluorophosphate

fluoride helps in strengthening the

animal the outermost layer of our teeth

sodium fire phosphate this also added to

minimize accumulation of third part

kills bacteria in mouth and is used in

toothpaste formulation to prevent

gingivitis or inflammation of gum pieces

surfactants like sodium Laurel sulfate

or SLS

unresponsible for bubbling of toothpaste

during brushing such chemicals are

important for Effective removal of flake

which barely mixed with water however

some people experience irritation to SOS

well this SOS free token are available

in the market these products use other

surfactants matter that SLS

[Music]

compounds such as glycerol

prophylene glycol and sorbital

serves Health in preventing toothpaste

from dining once it is exposed to air

[Music]

don't like season fun gum or Salinas gum

or added to thicken the formulation

these chemicals are big molecules called

polysaccharides

[Applause]

of recent Asians like hydrated silica

aluminum oxide and magnesium carbonates

made in removing animal stains keeping

teeth white

[Music]

phone grains like peppermint which

contains methanol and method

experiment contain carbon and cloth

containing eugenol or added in small

amounts to give pearlescent flavors

nuts are food products food products are

important for our survival however in

selecting food products it is important

to consider chemical processed as these

chemicals can provide us nutrients will

something cause adverse effects or help

upon consumption

the second food products one of the most

important things you need to chat on the

label are the nutrition facts nutrition

facts so the recommended serving of a

food product as well as its nutrient

content expressed in amount and percent

daily volume

survey is the amount of food products

that gives the amount of nutrients in

the nutrition facts calorie is the

amount of energy that one can get upon

the food intake

good labels usually reflect the number

of calories per serving people who want

to maintain or reduce the weight

check for products that are relatively

low in calories

it's the relative amount of nutrient

present in one serving we're just packed

to the prescribed daily measurement

requirements

[Music]

the daily value of the nutrient is based

on the nutrient content from a 2 000

calorie daily diet the value of five

percent and below is considered low

dietitians recommended food product with

low percent of DV for saturated fat

trans fat cholesterol and sodium is

desirable as too much consumption of

these nutrients are associated with

heart disease and high blood pressure

on the other hand values of 20 and

higher are considered high which is

desirable for vitamins minerals and

fibers

other than times are also indicated here

such as proteins and sugars protein is

essentially for the development of our

body sugars are sources of additional

energy but intake should be in

moderation as too much sugar can cause

obesity

aside from nutrition fact it is also

important to look at the ingredient

listed her in are the main ingredients

including some substance added to

improve the quality of the product

food additives

are a sub stance added and improve the

taste

taste quality of food

food preservatives are added to prolong

the shelf life of food by slowing down

the growth of microorganisms

nitrites and nitrates are example of

these preservatives used in meat

production

nitrites and nitrates are reported as

potential source of cancer causing

substance with these some consumers but

denies the nitrate and deny correct free

products

manufacturers claim that they do not use

synthetic nitrate or not try itself but

use alternative like

ciliary which still contain nitrate and

nitrate but the naturally occurring ones

foreign

mixed with some products to add or

improve nutrient content this process is

called fortification in the Philippines

locally made products pair with a Sanka

Pinoy seal on the label to indicate that

these products have undergone

fortification and past certain standards

color editors are included to make the

food products more appealing in color

different plants can be used as natural

color adjectives they contain chemical

responsible for the distinct colors

example or a matter

blueberry and turmeric

there are chemicals prepared and used as

artificial coloring agent however

addition of these chemicals must be done

in small amount as they can cause health

problems some of the most common

artificial food colors are the FD and C

food colors

sometimes

manufacturers emphasize some substance

that might be present also not listed as

ingredients but may have contained the

product during its process this is

important to alert consumers who might

have allergies to these substances

well let us proceed the Soaps and

detergents soaps our substance made by

mixing oil and an alkaline substance

such as lime

sodium hydroxide or caustic potage or

potassium hydroxide

solid soap is produced when lye is used

while liquid soap can be made using

potash

[Music]

foreign

bacterial soaps contain triclosan and

dry

glucarbine however the U.S Food and Drug

Administration reports that there is no

study proving that the presence of

tricloside and triclucarban

significantly remove bacteria in

comparison to soap products without

these chemicals

detergents on the other hand are usually

sulfate salts

these are normally used as cleaning

materials in household cleaning and in

washing clothes and dishes aside from

the sulfate salt in detergents and other

ingredients may be useful to our body

his detergents are not advisable to be

used in day thing

[Music]

consumer products in general may vary

from one to another in price

runs that are more expensive are not

always of better quality than the

cheaper ones

when choosing between Brands consider

not only the cost and quantity as most

of us do

shaking its chemical composition is a

must in order to find out which the best

serves

its purpose without putting our health

into compromise that just be deceived by

its cost

foreign

composition is very important

consideration in choosing consumer

products one must get to know which

ingredients are good and dangerous to

help

here are references and bibliography

thank you for watching and God bless

[Music]