ABM OrgMan - Chapter 6: Leading (Lesson 2 - Leadership Style and Theories)

Summary

This video script delves into the dynamics of leadership, exploring both traditional and contemporary theories. It begins with early leadership theories emphasizing traits and behaviors, then transitions to situational theories like Fiedler's Contingency and Hersey-Blanchard models. The script highlights modern approaches, including transactional, transformational, charismatic, visionary, team, and servant leadership, each with unique strategies to motivate and inspire teams towards organizational success.

Takeaways

• 😀 Leadership is a process of inspiring and influencing a group to achieve a common goal, resulting in the willingness and self-reliance of individuals.
• 📚 Early leadership theories by Korn/Katz and Kahn include Trait Theory focusing on leader characteristics and Behavioral Theory focusing on leader actions and conduct.
• 🔧 The Fiedler Model is a situational leadership theory suggesting that a leader's effectiveness depends on the fit between their style and the situational context.
• 👥 Hersey-Blanchard Situational Leadership Theory emphasizes the importance of matching leadership style to the readiness of subordinates, including their ability and willingness to perform tasks.
• 🛣 Path-Goal Theory posits that leaders help subordinates achieve their goals by providing direction, making goals compatible with organizational objectives.
• 🔄 Transactional Leadership Model involves leaders guiding subordinates towards organizational goals through social exchanges and rewards for productivity.
• 🌟 Transformational Leadership Model suggests that leaders inspire followers to achieve extraordinary outcomes, going beyond basic task completion.
• 🔮 Charismatic Leadership Theory indicates that charismatic leaders, characterized by self-confidence and sensitivity to needs, can strongly influence their followers.
• 🌈 Visionary Leadership Theory states that leaders who can create and articulate a compelling vision can inspire subordinates to improve current conditions.
• 👥 Team Leadership Theory recognizes the importance of leadership within team contexts, emphasizing skills like information sharing and empowering subordinates.
• 🙌 Servant Leadership Theory, proposed by Robert Greenleaf, focuses on leaders who prioritize service to others, leading to increased job satisfaction and organizational commitment among workers.

Q & A

What is the definition of leadership according to the script?

Leadership is defined as a process of inspiring and influencing a group of people to achieve a common goal, resulting in the willingness of individuals to work with zest and self-reliance.

What are the early leadership theories mentioned in the script?

The early leadership theories mentioned are Trait Theory, which focuses on personal characteristics that differentiate leaders from followers, and Behavioral Theory, which focuses on the behavior and actions of a leader.

Can you explain the Fiedler Model of leadership?

The Fiedler Model is a situational leadership theory proposed by Fred Fiedler, suggesting that a leader's effectiveness depends on the fit between the leader's style and the actual situation in the organization's internal and external environment.

What is the Hersey-Blanchard Situational Leadership Theory and how does it relate to subordinates' readiness?

The Hersey-Blanchard Situational Leadership Theory focuses on the readiness of subordinates, which includes their ability and willingness to accomplish specific work or assignments. The leader's style should be fitted to the subordinates' readiness level.

What is the Path-Goal Theory and its main objective?

The Path-Goal Theory, developed by Robert House, states that the leader's task is to lead followers in achieving their goals by providing direction that ensures compatibility of these goals with the organization's objectives.

What is the concept of Transactional Leadership?

Transactional Leadership is a model where leaders guide their subordinates toward achieving organizational goals by using social exchanges or transactions, offering rewards in exchange for productivity.

How is Transformational Leadership different from Transactional Leadership?

Transformational Leadership goes beyond transactional leadership by inspiring and transforming followers to achieve extraordinary outcomes, exciting and motivating them to exert extra effort to achieve group goals.

What are the characteristics of Charismatic Leadership?

Charismatic Leadership is characterized by leaders who are self-confident, enthusiastic, sensitive to environmental constraints and subordinates' needs, take risks to achieve their vision, and have the ability to communicate well, influencing subordinates through their behavior.

Can you describe Visionary Leadership Theory?

Visionary Leadership Theory states that leaders inspire their subordinates to follow them due to their ability to create and articulate a realistic, credible, and attractive vision that can improve current conditions or circumstances.

What is Team Leadership Theory and its significance in modern organizations?

Team Leadership Theory emerged due to the increasing prevalence of leadership within team contexts. It emphasizes skills such as information sharing, trusting others, empowering subordinates, and proper timing for mediation, as managers lead work teams.

What is Servant Leadership Theory and its impact on workers' job satisfaction?

Servant Leadership Theory, proposed by Robert Greenleaf, focuses on leaders increasing service to others rather than to themselves. It emphasizes commitment to the growth of people, building community, and stewardship of resources. It is positively associated with workers' job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and perception of fairness.

Outlines

00:00

🚀 Leadership Theories and Styles Overview

This paragraph introduces the topic of leadership styles and theories, emphasizing the role of a leader in inspiring and influencing a group towards a common goal. It discusses the emergence of leadership theories to better understand the factors that contribute to successful leadership. The early leadership theories by Kratner and Kinicki are outlined, including Trait Theory, which focuses on personal characteristics that differentiate leaders, and Behavioral Theory, which concentrates on a leader's actions rather than traits. The paragraph also mentions the transition to contemporary leadership theories, setting the stage for further exploration in subsequent paragraphs.

05:09

📚 Situational Leadership Theories: Fiedler and Hersey-Blanchard Models

This section delves into the Fiedler Model and Hersey-Blanchard Model, two situational leadership theories that propose a leader's effectiveness is contingent upon the fit between their style and the organizational context. The Fiedler Model suggests leaders can be task-motivated or relationship-motivated, focusing on either goal achievement or building good relationships with subordinates. The Hersey-Blanchard Model, on the other hand, emphasizes the readiness of subordinates, including their ability and willingness to perform tasks, and how leaders should adapt their style to support, coach, or direct them accordingly.

10:10

🛤️ Path-Goal Theory and Modern Leadership Views

The paragraph discusses the Path-Goal Theory developed by Robert House, which posits that leaders help subordinates achieve their goals by providing direction and ensuring compatibility with organizational objectives. It then transitions to modern views on leadership, beginning with the Transactional Leadership Model, where leaders use social exchanges and rewards to motivate productivity. The Transformational Leadership Model is also introduced, highlighting leaders who inspire followers to achieve extraordinary outcomes. Charismatic Leadership Theory is mentioned, focusing on leaders with the ability to influence through their personality and communication skills.

15:12

🌟 Visionary and Team Leadership Theories

This part of the script explores the Visionary Leadership Theory, where leaders create and articulate a compelling vision to inspire followers. It emphasizes the importance of a clear and credible vision that can energize subordinates to perform well. The Team Leadership Theory is also discussed, noting the increasing prevalence of leadership within team contexts and the skills required for effective team leadership, such as information sharing, trust, empowerment, and mediation. The paragraph concludes with the introduction of the Servant Leadership Theory by Robert Greenleaf, which advocates for leaders who prioritize service to others and focus on growth, community, and empathy.

🤝 Servant Leadership and Its Impact

The final paragraph focuses on Servant Leadership in more depth, describing the characteristics of servant leaders, such as their commitment to the growth of people, stewardship of resources, and their ability to listen and empathize. It highlights the positive association of this leadership style with job satisfaction, organizational commitment, creativity, and perceptions of fairness among workers. The paragraph wraps up the discussion on modern leadership theories and prepares for the next lesson on communication, inviting questions and well-wishes for the class.

Keywords

💡Leadership

Leadership is the process of inspiring and influencing a group of people to achieve a common goal. In the video, leadership is the central theme, with various theories and models explaining how leaders can guide individuals towards the organizational vision, mission, goals, and objectives. The script discusses both early and contemporary theories of leadership, emphasizing the evolution of leadership styles and their impact on group dynamics.

💡Trait Theory

Trait Theory focuses on the personal characteristics that differentiate leaders from followers. The script mentions this as an early leadership theory, suggesting that certain inherent traits make an individual a leader. This theory is used to identify the innate qualities that leaders possess, such as charisma, intelligence, and determination.

💡Behavioral Theory

Behavioral Theory, as discussed in the script, is a leadership approach that concentrates on the actions, conduct, and demeanor of a leader rather than their personality traits. It suggests that leadership effectiveness can be observed through the behavior exhibited by the leader in various situations.

💡Fiedler Model

The Fiedler Model, or Contingency Theory, is a situational leadership theory proposed by Fred Fiedler. The script explains that a leader's effectiveness depends on the fit between their leadership style and the situational context of the organization. The model describes leadership styles as either task-motivated or relationship-motivated, highlighting the importance of matching leadership approaches to the needs of the situation.

💡Hershey-Blanchard Model

The Hershey-Blanchard Model, also known as Situational Leadership Theory, is another contemporary leadership theory mentioned in the script. It focuses on the readiness of subordinates, which includes their ability and willingness to accomplish tasks. The model suggests that leaders must adapt their style based on the maturity level of their followers, providing the appropriate amount of direction and support.

💡Path-Goal Theory

Path-Goal Theory, developed by Robert House, posits that leaders help their followers achieve their goals by clarifying the paths to those goals. The script describes this theory as one where leaders provide direction to ensure that individual goals are aligned with organizational objectives, creating a win-win situation for both the employees and the organization.

💡Transactional Leadership

Transactional Leadership is a modern leadership model that involves leaders guiding their subordinates by using social exchange or transactions. The script explains that this model is based on offering rewards in exchange for productivity, which helps to keep employees motivated and focused on achieving organizational goals.

💡Transformational Leadership

Transformational Leadership is a model that builds upon transactional leadership, aiming to inspire followers to achieve extraordinary outcomes. The script describes how transformational leaders excite and motivate their followers to go beyond their normal efforts to achieve group goals, thus transforming both the individuals and the organization.

💡Charismatic Leadership

Charismatic Leadership is a modern theory that suggests leaders with charismatic personalities can influence their subordinates to follow them. The script notes that charismatic leaders are self-confident, enthusiastic, and sensitive to both environmental constraints and subordinates' needs. They are able to communicate their vision effectively and inspire others to achieve goals.

💡Visionary Leadership

Visionary Leadership is a theory that emphasizes the importance of leaders creating and articulating a compelling vision that can improve current conditions. The script explains that visionary leaders inspire their followers by providing a clear and credible vision, motivating them to work towards achieving that vision and improving the organization.

💡Team Leadership

Team Leadership Theory recognizes the increasing prevalence of leadership within team contexts. The script discusses how leaders must learn to be effective team leaders, focusing on skills such as information sharing, trusting others, empowering subordinates, and mediating at the right time. This theory is particularly relevant in organizations that rely on work teams to achieve their objectives.

💡Servant Leadership

Servant Leadership, proposed by Robert Greenleaf, is a leadership philosophy where the leader prioritizes service to others over self-interest. The script explains that servant leaders focus on the growth of people, building community, and stewardship of resources. They are characterized by their ability to listen, empathize, and foresee future circumstances, which positively impacts job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and perceptions of fairness among workers.

Highlights

Leadership is defined as a process of inspiring and influencing a group to achieve a common goal.

Leaders should ideally result in the willingness of individuals to work with zest and self-reliance.

Leadership theories aim to explain aspects of leadership and understand what drives success in this area.

Early leadership theories by Kratner and Kinkaid include Trait Theory and Behavioral Theory.

Trait Theory focuses on personal characteristics that differentiate leaders from followers.

Behavioral Theory concentrates on a leader's actions and conduct rather than personality traits.

Contemporary leadership theories evolved with the development of management thought.

The Fiedler Model is a situational leadership theory that matches leadership style to organizational situations.

Leadership styles in the Fiedler Model can be task-motivated or relationship-motivated.

Hershey-Blanchard Model focuses on subordinates' readiness and the leader's style adaptation.

Path-Goal Theory posits that leaders help subordinates achieve goals by providing needed direction.

Transactional Leadership Model uses social exchange and rewards to motivate subordinates.

Transformational Leadership Model inspires followers to achieve extraordinary outcomes.

Charismatic Leadership Theory suggests that charismatic leaders can influence subordinates effectively.

Visionary Leadership Theory emphasizes the importance of a clear and credible vision for followers.

Team Leadership Theory addresses the need for effective leadership within team contexts.

Servant Leadership Theory, proposed by Robert Greenleaf, focuses on service to others over self-interest.

Servant leadership is associated with increased job satisfaction and organizational commitment.

Transcripts

welcome back to organization and

management we're still

under chapter 6 leading

so after discussing motivation we're

heading to the next lesson

leadership styles and theories

lesson 2 leadership styles and theories

so again for a quick recap leadership is

a process of inspiring and

influencing a group of people to achieve

a

common goal so ideally leadership should

result in the willingness of

individuals to work with zest our door

and self-reliance so the leader guides

them and facilitates their progress

toward the attainment of the

organizational vision

mission goals and objectives

so the leadership theories emerged

in order to respond to the need by

explaining certain aspects

of leadership and to better understand

what drives success

in this area so

we have the following who are the early

leadership

theories given by kratner and kiniki

so we have three theory and behavioral

theory

so trey theory is a theory based on

leader traits or personal

characteristics

that differentiate leaders from

followers

so ibiza bindito

leaders and the followers and the new

behavioral theorem and

is a theory that focuses on the behavior

action conduct demeanor or

department of a leader instead of his or

her

personality traits so concentrate theory

must not focus

so again those are the early leadership

theories so paran shayna giggin base

theory nothing

leadership so next one we're heading to

the

um evolvement or going to the

contemporary

theories of leadership

leadership theories evolved along with

the development of management thought

throughout time so giving rise to

contemporary theory such as follows

so first under the first contemporary

theories of leadership

is the fiddler model

so fiddler model it is a situational

leadership theory proposed by fred

fiddler an organizational behavior

scholar

so this theory assumes that a leader's

effectiveness

is contingent or dependent on the extent

to which a leader's style

is fitted to actual situations in the

organization's internal

and external environment

since it is based on the actual

situations

fiddler described such leader style as

either tasked

motivated or relationship motivated

so either um he his or her leadership

is focused on the achievement of goals

or more concerned about

having good relationships with

subordinates so under this type of model

um it is based again it is based on

actions

so that's why merong um the long

description of

nigasi fiddler where task

achievement of goals or relationship

motivated

focus having good relationship with

his or her subordinates

so another contemporary theories of

leadership

is the hershey blanchard model so it is

another situational

leadership theory proposed by paul

hersey and ken

blanchard so the theory focused on

subordinates readiness or

the extent to which the said

subordinates have the ability and

willingness to accomplish a specific

work

or assignment

so again fiddler model um it is

based or um the leader style is fitted

to the actual situation

in an organization's internal and

external environment environments

so as you can see here in this

illustration

so on the process of leading we also

have the process of delegating so

after that we support them and at the

same time we coach them and

we direct them so

under this model we must know

subordinates

in order for them to accomplish certain

work assignment

so the bad one young delegation

that we already discussed previously and

then

um that as a leader

delegating ordinance a delegation so we

must also support them coach them

and direct them

so again that's firstly blanchard

situational leadership theory

so the last contemporary theory of

leadership

is path goal theory so this is a theory

developed by robert house

which states that the leader's task is

to lead his other followers or

subordinates

in achieving their goals by providing

them direction

that is needed in order to ensure

compatibility

of these set goals with the organization

school

so under this theory so young leaders

soparambini began and direction or path

human subordinates are followers but i'm

achieving goals nila and then at the

same time

the path

organisation parabon um it can be a

win-win situation for the both of them

so for the employees or the subordinates

and then to the leaders or to the

managers

again those are the contemporary

theories of

leadership so similarly views on

leadership evolved over time so

um we have early theories and then

contemporary so now we're heading to the

modern views

on and approaches to leadership

so here are the modern leadership views

so first one we have transactional

leadership model

so this is a theoretical model which

states that leaders

guide their subordinates toward the

achievement of their organization's

goals by using social exchange

or transactions and by offering rewards

in exchange for their productivity

so this is a transactional leadership

model

in order for the employees or your

subordinates to stay

productive and motivated so

is vinibian musilla or naga african

rewards or certain

source of achievement for them paramas

um

must motivate child to do well and to

exert more efforts in their jobs so

union transactional leadership

in return for them must

achieve young parankayan ilangawan

so in that way parang

organization school so i am a

transactional so

apparently you're having a transaction

with

one another so next is the

transformational leadership model so

this is a view

that developed from transactional

leadership

so it states that leaders inspire or

transform followers to achieve

extraordinary outcomes

so under this model around through their

leadership they are able to excite

and inspire followers to exert extra

effort to achieve

group goals so parang it is a

transformation

or transformational

um

rather mug transform

to a better them or to a better

professional individual

achieved extraordinary outcomes

namasmak helps anila to achieve their

goals and at the same time

to achieve the organizational goals

next one is charismatic leadership so

under this charismatic leadership theory

it is

another modern theory of leadership

which states that leaders who have a

charismatic personality

are able to influence their subordinates

to follow them so

what do you mean by being charismatic

leaders

so these are leaders who are

self-confident

enthusiastic sensitive to both

environmental constraints

and subordinates needs so charismatic

leaders take risks

to achieve their vision and have the

ability to communicate well

verbally or non-verbally through their

behavior

among others so dito um through

um being charismatic paramount influence

subordinates towards the achievement of

their goals

and then at the same time um ability

namaste

um connected human subordinates and you

mismo

leader under this charismatic leadership

theory so next

is visionary leadership theory so this

is a theory which

states that leaders are able to make

their subordinates

follow because of their ability to

create and

articulate a realistic credible

and attractive vision that may improve

present conditions or

circumstances so the toy human visions

and leaders are clearly explained and

madeline in the han and then madeline

accept

no subordinates or followers thus giving

them

high energy to perform their tasks well

so ibiza began little visionary

leadership theory

super clear you know vision and then

credible intelligence

must may inspire to follow that leader

and then to give their their best

or the or to exert more effort to

perform their task

in order shampred to achieve those

visions nagosunum leader

improve or to take parantha take the

next level

so for them parang they will be

inspired and they will be influenced by

that leader

so at the same time they will help their

leader

in order to achieve those visions

so next one is team leadership theory so

it is a theory that emerged because of

the fact that leadership is increasingly

taking place

within a team context and that more

companies are now utilizing work

teams led or guided by leaders

so many managers are now trying to learn

how to become effective

team leaders among the skills that they

have

or they must learn are information

sharing

trusting others lessening their

authority by empowering subordinates

and proper timing for mediation among

others

so this is a team leadership theory

since

um in an organization we discussed

some organization structure i think that

there are

more of teams or parang is an

organization

or a song department for example is

muslim divided by nature into teams

so on those teams merong is an aparang

leader so as a leader

so

at the

[Music]

communication or young parang

relationship nila

or relationship the manager and the

subordinates

listening authority authority but at the

same time you also need to empower your

subordinates

because um so work the money didn't

telegram it was a new stress

so in order for you to stay calm

and to say focus on the the

actual goal of the team or the

organization is that patment of an

imitation

and then lastly servant leadership

theory so this is a theory proposed by

robert greenleaf in 1970

stating that servant leaders must focus

on increased

service to others rather than to oneself

so servant leaders focus on commitment

to the growth of people building

community

stewardship of the material resources

and the people they lead

so their ability to listen to what

others seek to communicate

their ability to emphasize with others

feelings and emotion and their ability

to foresee future circumstances

associated with present courses of

actions and

conditions

and then to emphasize with them their

feelings their emotions

and then your ability as well to foresee

um

future circumstances with the courses of

action and

within the organization or your team so

researchers have gathered proof that

this type of leadership model is

positively associated with workers job

satisfaction

organizational commitment and

citizenship creativity

and perception of fairness among others

so

nakahara satisfaction

that their leader is affectionate or

their leader um

emphasize with them and naive indians

and um doing his or her

best paramas um in the

current situation and what

are the things that they want to achieve

more

and then at the same time um your orgasm

organizational commitment and

citizenship i mustn't

develop then so

with them and then your ability to

just understand them so

now you are also being fair with all of

your subordinates or

workers so again

those are the modern leadership views or

modern leadership

theories

so up next lesson 3 communication

so again glass if you have any question

regarding our discussion

feel free to message me thank you class

god bless stay safe