Mighty Magulang: Women of Malolos
Summary
TLDRIn celebration of Women's Month, the video script highlights the pioneering efforts of 20 women from affluent Chinese-Filipino families in Malolos, Bulacan. In 1888, they petitioned Governor General Valeriano Weyler for a night school to learn Spanish, facing opposition from the Agustinian friars and the Spanish administration. Despite controversy and closure, their initiative marked a milestone in Filipino feminist activism. The script delves into the lives of these influential women, many of whom supported the 1896 revolution and became suffragettes, leaving a lasting impact on Philippine history.
Takeaways
- 📜 On December 1888, 20 women from affluent Chinese-Filipino families in Malolos, Bulacan, petitioned Governor General Valeriano Weyler for permission to open a night school to learn Spanish.
- 😠 The request was met with outrage from the Augustinian friars and the Spanish governor general.
- 🌟 The efforts of these women garnered support from ilustrado reformists like José Rizal, Marcelo H. del Pilar, and others.
- 🏫 After public debate, the school opened with conditional approval in February 1889, but faced accusations of immorality and was forced to close in April of the same year.
- 🚩 The women's initiative is recognized as a pivotal event in the development of Filipino feminist activism.
- 📚 The book 'The Women of Malolos' by Nika North Yongsan provides insights into the lives of these women from closely-knit mestizo clans.
- 👭 The 20 signatories shared five surnames: Reyes, Tanchanco, Cantoco, Tiongson, and Uitanco, indicating familial ties and intermarriages among them.
- 🛡️ Many of these women supported their Katipunero relatives during the 1896 Revolution and became active suffragettes in peacetime.
- 👵 Basilia Tyongson, the oldest signatory at 28, and her sisters Agapita, Aleja, and Mercedes, were all part of the historic petition.
- 🏥 Olympia Reyes, the youngest at 12, married Vicente Reyes, and their son José Reyes had a hospital named after him, the Jose A.R. Reyes Memorial Medical Center.
- 💼 Aurea Tanchanco, considered the brightest student, married Dr. Eugenio Hernando, who later became the director of the Bureau of Public Health under President Quezon.
- 🏛️ Alberta Oitanko married Paulino Santos, and their home is now a heritage site and the Museum of the Women of Malolos.
Q & A
What significant event took place on December 1888 in Malolos involving 20 women?
-On December 1888, 20 women from prominent Chinese Filipino families of Malolos, Bulacan signed and presented a letter to Governor General Valeriano Weyler, requesting permission to open a night school where they could be taught Spanish.
What was the reaction of the Augustinian friars and the Spanish Governor General to the women's request for a night school?
-The request was met with outrage from the Augustinian friars and the Spanish Governor General himself.
Which reformists supported the efforts of the women of Malolos?
-The efforts were supported by ilustrado reformists like Jose Rizal, Marcelo H. del Pilar, and you go.
When did the night school finally open, and under what conditions?
-The night school opened with conditional approval in February 1889.
What accusations led to the closure of the night school in April 1889?
-The school was accused by church officials of immoral teaching and of eating meat on days of abstinence, which forced the school to close.
How is the event in Malolos recognized in the context of Filipino history?
-The efforts of the women of Malolos are recognized as one of the most important events towards the development of Filipino feminist activism.
Who is Nika North Yongsan and what contribution did he make to the understanding of the women of Malolos?
-Nika North Yongsan is the author of the book 'The Women of Malolos,' which provides more information about the lives of these young women from closely knit mestizo clans.
What commonality did the 20 signatories of the letter share in terms of their surnames?
-The 20 signatories shared five surnames: Reyes, Tanchanco, Cantoco, Tiongson, and Uitankoi.
How were the women of Malolos related to each other?
-Many of the women were related by blood, marriage, and friendship. The Reyeses and Tanchancos were cousins, and some ended up marrying brothers or cousins of the other girls.
What role did the women play during the Revolution of 1896?
-Many of the women helped their Katipunero fathers, brothers, and cousins during the Revolution of 1896.
Can you provide an example of one of the signatories and her contributions?
-Basilia Tyongson, the oldest signatory at 28, was the daughter of an anti-friar gubernatorial of Malolos. Her sisters also signed the historic letter, and she was active in suffragette movements during peacetime.
What is the significance of the Jose A. R. Reyes Memorial Medical Center?
-The medical center is named after Jose Reyes, the son of Olympia Reyes, who was the youngest signatory of the letter. He became a doctor, highlighting the impact of the women's educational efforts.
What notable achievement is attributed to Hermene H. Reyes?
-Hermene H. Reyes, another son of Olympia Reyes, along with four others, established the Makati Stock Exchange in 1963.
Who was Aureka Tanchanko and what was her connection to the Spanish Army?
-Aureka Tanchanko was considered the brightest student in the women's school in Malolos. She married Dr. Eugenio Hernando, who later became the director of the Bureau of Public Health under President Quezon.
What is the significance of the Oitanko Santos Home today?
-The Oitanko Santos Home, where Alberta Oitankoi married Paulino Santos, is now a heritage site and has become the Museum of the Women of Malolos.
Outlines
📜 Women of Malolos and the Fight for Education
In December 1888, twenty women from affluent Chinese-Filipino families in Malolos, Bulacan, petitioned Governor General Valeriano Weyler for permission to establish a night school to learn Spanish. The request sparked controversy, with the Augustinian friars and the Spanish administration opposing it, while reformists like Jose Rizal and Marcelo H. del Pilar supported it. Despite initial resistance, the school opened in February 1889 but was closed in April due to accusations of immoral teachings and violations of religious observances. The women's efforts are celebrated as a pivotal moment in Filipino feminist activism. The book 'The Women of Malolos' by Nika North Yongsan sheds light on these women's lives, who were part of a close-knit community bound by blood and marriage. The signatories shared five surnames, indicating familial ties, and many supported the 1896 Revolution and later became suffragettes.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Women of Malolos
💡Night School
💡Governor General Valeriano Weyler
💡Illustrator Reformists
💡Jose Rizal
💡Conditional Approval
💡Immoral Teaching
💡Days of Abstinence
💡Katipunero
💡Suffragettes
💡Mestizos
💡Heritage Site
Highlights
In December 1888, 20 women from prominent Chinese-Filipino families of Malolos, Bulacan, requested permission to open a night school to learn Spanish.
Their request was met with outrage from the Augustinian friars and the Spanish Governor General.
The initiative received support from reformists like Jose Rizal and Marcelo H del Pilar.
After public debate, the school opened with conditional approval in February 1889.
The school was accused of immoral teaching and closed in April 1889 after only two months.
The women's efforts are recognized as a significant event in Filipino feminist activism.
The book 'The Women of Malolos' by Nika North Yongsan provides insights into their lives.
The 20 signatories shared five surnames, indicating close familial ties.
Many of the women assisted their revolutionary family members during the 1896 revolution.
In peacetime, they were active suffragettes advocating for women's rights.
Basilia Tyongson, the oldest signatory, had a family with a history of anti-friar activism.
Olympia Reyes, the youngest signatory, married a man whose son became a notable doctor.
Aurea Tanchanko married a doctor who later became the director of the Bureau of Public Health.
Maria Tantoco's son became the mayor of Malolos.
Mercedes Yongson's husband was the founder of the Nacionalista Party.
Alberta Oitankoi's home is now a heritage site and museum dedicated to the women of Malolos.
The story of the women of Malolos demonstrates the early strides in women's education and activism in the Philippines.
Transcripts
[Music]
it's women's month and let's talk about
the women of malolos
in december 1888 20 women from prominent
wealthy chinese filipino families of
malolos bulacan signed and presented a
letter to governor general valeriano
whaler they requested permission to open
a night school where they could be
taught spanish
on one side this was met with outrage
from the agustinian friars and the
spanish governor general himself
on the other side this inspired the
support of the illustrator reformists
like jose rizal
lopez marcelo h del pilar
you go
after much public debate the school
opened with conditional approval in
february 1889 but only two months later
in april 1889 the school was accused by
church officials of immoral teaching and
of eating meat on days of abstinence
this forced the school to close
the efforts of the women of malolos is
recognized as one of the most important
events towards the development of
filipino feminist activism
thanks to nika north yongsan in his book
the women of malolos we know more about
the lives of these young women from
closely knit mestizos angry clans who
were bound by blood marriage and
friendship
there were 20 signatories but they
shared five surnames reyes tanchango
cantoco tiongson and uitankoi the
reyeses tantokos and
were cousins and some ended up marrying
brothers or cousins of the other girls
many of them helped their katipunero
fathers brothers and cousins during the
revolution of 1896.
during peacetime many were active
suffragettes
basilia tyongson was the oldest
signatory on the letter to governor
general whaler she was 28. her father
antonio was an anti-friar gubernatorial
of malolos in 1883. her sisters agapita
aleja pass and mercedes also signed the
historic letter
olympia reyes was only 12 years old when
the letter was released she was the
youngest she married vicente reyes their
son jose reyes became a doctor and a
tertiary hospital in manila was named
after him the jose ar reyes memorial
medical center
another son hermene hildo reyes together
with four others established the makati
stock exchange in 1963.
aurea tanchanko was considered the
brightest student in the women's school
in malolos she married a doctor in the
spanish army eugenio hernando who became
the director of the bureau of public
health under president quezon
maria tantojo married leno reyes and
their son felix reyes became a mayor of
malolos mercedes yongson married a
gifted lawyer teodoro sandico who became
the founder of the nationalista party
alberta oitankoi married paulino santos
the oitanko santos home is now a
heritage site and has become the museum
of the women of malolos
foreign
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