STEP by STEP Building a Natural Substrate #naturalaquarium #deepsubstrate #planted aquarium

Summary

In this video, Father Fish explains how to create a natural substrate for aquariums, using a mix of organic materials, compost, and various enriching ingredients like worm castings, biochar, and diatomaceous earth. He emphasizes the importance of layering sand above the soil to prevent nutrient leaching and algae growth. Father Fish also highlights the role of plants and microfauna in maintaining a healthy aquarium ecosystem. He encourages hobbyists to use small, non-aggressive fish and to nurture a diverse, thriving environment by regularly adding natural materials from local ponds.

Takeaways

• 😀 The easiest way to set up a natural aquarium substrate is by purchasing Father Fish’s Aqua Verde supplement, available in different tank sizes (10, 20, 50 gallons).
• 😀 Properly leveling the substrate is critical. An uneven substrate can cause problems with water quality and plant growth.
• 😀 The sand layer should be twice as thick as the dirt layer to prevent nutrients from leaching into the water.
• 😀 Avoid using raw manure (chicken, cow, rabbit) as it can burn the plants and destabilize the tank.
• 😀 A healthy substrate requires a mixture of organic materials, including peat moss, compost, and potting soil, in specific ratios.
• 😀 To maintain long-term nutrient availability, enrich the substrate with additives like worm castings, biochar, diatomaceous earth, and Mycorrhiza.
• 😀 Microfauna (such as bacteria, rotifers, and tiny worms) is crucial for maintaining a balanced and healthy aquarium ecosystem.
• 😀 Adding diverse microorganisms from local ponds or ditches helps create a thriving micro-ecosystem and supports fish and plant life.
• 😀 Plants are vital for a natural aquarium, as they exchange CO2 for O2 and absorb harmful substances like ammonia and nitrates.
• 😀 Fish selection should focus on small, non-aggressive species like livebearers (mollies, guppies) and small catfish (Corydoras) to maintain harmony in the tank.
• 😀 Using a sponge filter is recommended for gentle water flow, promoting oxygen exchange and preventing water turbidity while keeping the substrate intact.

Q & A

What is the simplest way to set up a substrate in a Father Fish tank?

The simplest way is to buy a pre-made substrate supplement from the Father Fish store, which comes in 10, 20, and 50-gallon volumes. You just need to dump it into the tank, level it, and add twice as much sand as the amount of substrate. Then, place a plate or plastic bag filled with water on top. This ensures the tank is ready with minimal effort.

Why is it important to level the substrate properly in the tank?

Leveling the substrate is critical because if it's uneven, it can cause water to mix with the dirt, which leads to murky water, excess nutrients, and potentially algae blooms. An uneven substrate can also disrupt the balance of the tank's ecosystem.

How much sand is required above the dirt level in the substrate?

You need two inches of sand above the dirt. The sand helps to keep the dirt from mixing into the water column, preventing nutrient overload in the water and helping the system maintain clear and healthy water.

Can you use any type of soil for the substrate mix?

You can use any finished compost, potting soil, and organic material like peat moss, coir, or leaf mulch. These provide the necessary nutrients for the plants in the aquarium.

What is the role of diatomaceous earth in the substrate mix?

Diatomaceous earth helps with the water filtration process and adds additional minerals to the substrate. It’s beneficial for keeping the environment healthy by contributing to the overall structure and biological diversity.

Why should raw manure, like chicken or cow manure, not be used in the substrate?

Raw manure is too 'hot' and can burn plants, causing nutrient imbalances. It can overwhelm the system with too many nutrients, leading to problems like algae blooms and unhealthy conditions for both plants and fish.

What is the importance of adding plants to the tank?

Plants are crucial because they absorb CO2 and ammonia, release oxygen, and help maintain a balanced ecosystem. A tank with plants can naturally clear the water and support a healthy biological cycle.

How can you ensure microfauna thrives in the tank?

You can introduce microfauna by collecting organic material like pond leaves and water from local ecosystems, which are rich in tiny life forms. Adding these regularly will help establish a diverse biological community that benefits the entire tank.

What types of fish are recommended for a natural aquarium setup?

Start with small, non-aggressive fish like livebearers (mollies, platies, guppies) or small tetras, danios, and cory catfish. These species are ideal for beginner natural aquariums because they are hardy and peaceful.

How does microfauna contribute to the health of the tank?

Microfauna such as bacteria, fungus, and small invertebrates help break down organic material and maintain the nutrient cycle in the tank. They serve as food for fish and contribute to the biological filtration process, keeping the water clean and balanced.