TECIDO CARTILAGINOSO | Histologia

Summary

In this informative video, Professor Natália Reineck explores the key aspects of cartilaginous tissue, a vital component of the human body. She explains the roles of chondroblasts and chondrocytes, the extracellular matrix, and how cartilage contributes to joint surfaces, growth, and body structures like the nose and ears. The video also covers the three main types of cartilage: hyaline, elastic, and fibrous, highlighting their unique features and functions. Throughout, Professor Reineck encourages audience engagement, offering additional resources, courses, and materials to deepen the understanding of human anatomy.

Takeaways

• 😀 Cartilaginous tissue is an important body tissue that provides support and lines joint surfaces of bones.
• 😀 The main cells in cartilaginous tissue are called chondroblasts, which mature into chondrocytes.
• 😀 Chondrocytes are mature cells that get trapped in gaps in the extracellular matrix, similar to osteocytes in bone tissue.
• 😀 Cartilaginous tissue's matrix is more rigid than regular connective tissue but not as hard as bone tissue.
• 😀 The extracellular matrix of cartilage contains components like proteoglycans, glycoproteins, and hyaluronic acid.
• 😀 There are three types of cartilaginous tissue: hyaline cartilage, elastic cartilage, and fibrous cartilage.
• 😀 Hyaline cartilage is rich in collagen and is found in the skeleton of embryos, epiphyseal cartilage, nose, and trachea.
• 😀 Elastic cartilage contains more elastic fibers and is found in the auditory canal and larynx.
• 😀 Fibrous cartilage is rich in type I collagen, and its thick fibers give it great resistance to compression and wear.
• 😀 Cartilaginous tissue is avascular (lacking blood vessels), relying on surrounding connective tissue or synovial fluid for nourishment.
• 😀 Cartilage's maintenance depends on the perichondrium or synovial fluid, ensuring its nutrition and function in the body.

Q & A

What is the basic composition of cartilaginous tissue?

Cartilaginous tissue is composed of cells and an extracellular matrix. The matrix contains macromolecules like proteoglycans, glycoproteins, and hyaluronic acid, which help give the matrix its consistency.

What are the main functions of cartilaginous tissue in the body?

Cartilaginous tissue supports and lines the joint surfaces of bones, participates in the formation and growth of long bones, and forms structural components such as the nose and ears.

What are the differences between chondroblasts and chondrocytes?

Chondroblasts are active cells that produce the extracellular matrix and are predominant in developing cartilage. As they mature, they transform into chondrocytes, which are more mature cells that are trapped in gaps within the matrix.

How is cartilage similar to bone tissue?

Both cartilage and bone tissue contain cells (chondrocytes in cartilage and osteocytes in bone) that are trapped in gaps within the matrix. However, the matrix in cartilage is more flexible and not as rigid as bone.

What are the three main types of cartilaginous tissue?

The three main types of cartilaginous tissue are hyaline cartilage, elastic cartilage, and fibrous cartilage, each differing in the composition and function of their extracellular matrix.

Where is hyaline cartilage found in the body?

Hyaline cartilage is found in the skeleton of embryos, epiphyseal cartilage in growing long bones, the nose, trachea, ends of ribs, and joint surfaces.

What is the key feature of elastic cartilage?

Elastic cartilage is rich in elastic fibers and contains a smaller amount of type II collagen. This gives it flexibility, which is why it is found in structures such as the auditory canal and larynx.

Why is fibrous cartilage highly resistant to compression?

Fibrous cartilage contains thick fibers of type I collagen and chondrocytes arranged in organized rows, giving it great strength and resistance to compression. It is ideal for areas exposed to wear and pressure, like intervertebral discs and the pubic symphysis.

What does it mean that cartilage is avascular?

Being avascular means that cartilage does not contain blood vessels. Its nutrition is supplied through the surrounding connective tissue (perichondrium) or synovial fluid in joints.

What is the role of the perichondrium in cartilage?

The perichondrium is a connective tissue that surrounds cartilage and provides it with nutrients, as cartilage itself is avascular.