Starting and charging system alat berat/starting sistem

Summary

In this video, the presenter explains the basic functioning of the starting and charging systems in heavy equipment, particularly focusing on Komatsu units. He covers key components like the starting switch, battery relay, safety relay, and alternator, describing how these elements work together to start the engine and ensure proper charging. The video also highlights the importance of safety features to prevent starting motor damage once the engine is running. The presenter encourages viewers to subscribe and offers further insights into the operation of the starting and charging system.

Takeaways

• 😀 The starting and charging systems in heavy equipment are similar to those in common vehicles, but they have specific components unique to heavy machinery.
• 😀 The main components of the starting system include the starting switch, battery, alternator, regulator, battery relay, starting motor, and safety relay.
• 😀 The starting switch has four positions: OFF, HEAT, ON, and START. Each position connects different terminals for different functions.
• 😀 In the OFF position, the battery energy is in standby mode, with power flowing through a fuse to terminal B of the starting switch.
• 😀 When the starting switch is turned to the HEAT position, power flows through the battery relay, creating a magnetic field that allows current to reach the starting motor.
• 😀 In the ON position, the battery energy is connected to the starting motor and accessories such as lights and air conditioning units.
• 😀 The START position activates the safety relay, which ensures that the starting motor is only powered when the engine is off, preventing the engine from turning the motor once it's already running.
• 😀 The safety relay cuts off current from the starting motor once the engine is running, ensuring that the starting motor doesn't accidentally engage while the engine is on.
• 😀 The alternator is an essential component of the charging system, converting mechanical energy from the engine into electrical energy to charge the battery.
• 😀 The charging system includes the alternator, which outputs voltage to the battery via the safety relay. It ensures the battery is charged while the engine runs, maintaining the system's power.

Q & A

What is the basic layout of the starting charging system in heavy equipment?

The basic layout of the starting charging system in heavy equipment, particularly Komatsu units, includes several key components: a starting switch, safety relay, starting motor, battery relay, and battery. The system also involves a fuse for protection and an alternator for charging.

What is the function of the starting switch in the charging system?

The starting switch (key switch) controls the flow of electricity in the system. It has four positions: Off, Heat, On, and Start. Each position connects different terminals to power various components like the battery, starting motor, and accessories.

What happens when the starting switch is turned to the 'Heat' position?

When the starting switch is turned to the 'Heat' position, the terminals B, BR, and R1 are connected. This connects the battery to the battery relay, energizing it and allowing current to flow to the starting motor.

What is the purpose of the safety relay in the starting charging system?

The safety relay prevents the starting motor from operating when the engine is already running. It cuts off the current from the battery to the starting motor once the engine is running to avoid damage and prevent the starting motor from turning the engine backward.

How does the alternator contribute to the charging system?

The alternator converts mechanical energy from the engine into electrical energy. Once the engine is running, the alternator generates electricity that is sent to the battery to charge it, ensuring the system has enough power for operation.

What happens when the engine starts in relation to the safety relay?

When the engine starts, the alternator generates electricity that travels to the safety relay. The relay then cuts off the connection between the battery and the starting motor to prevent the starting motor from engaging while the engine is already running.

What is the function of the R2 terminal in the starting switch?

The R2 terminal is used for certain engine models that include a glow plug for pre-combustion chamber engines. It connects to the glow plug circuit to warm up the engine before starting.

What happens if the safety relay does not make a sound when the key switch is turned on?

If the safety relay does not make a sound when the key switch is turned on, it indicates that the relay is not functioning properly, which can prevent the starting motor from receiving power and the engine from starting.

Why must the starting motor be disconnected when the engine is running?

The starting motor must be disconnected once the engine is running to prevent it from spinning in reverse. The engine's rotation is much faster than the starting motor, and engaging it while the engine is running could cause damage to the starting motor.

How does the battery relay work in the starting system?

The battery relay connects the battery to the starting motor when the key switch is in the 'Heat' or 'Start' position. It allows current to flow to the starting motor, enabling the engine to start.