Percobaan Kisi Difraksi (Fisika Dasar II)

Summary

This video demonstrates an experimental procedure to study diffraction patterns using a diffraction grating with 100 lines/mm. The setup involves optical benches, a laser, a diffraction grating, and a screen. The experiment varies the distance between the screen and the diffraction grating at 30 cm, 40 cm, and 50 cm, observing the central and surrounding bright and dark fringes. The process includes precise positioning and measurements of the diffraction pattern on the screen, guiding viewers to observe and record the results. The video concludes with encouragement to understand and apply the concepts learned.

Takeaways

• 😀 The experiment focuses on diffraction grating and its application in optics.
• 😀 The equipment used includes an optical bench, laser, diffraction grating with 100 lines/mm, and a screen.
• 😀 Each group requires a millimeter block for measuring distances.
• 😀 The optical bench is arranged with three components: one for the laser, one for the grating, and one for the screen.
• 😀 The distance between the screen and the diffraction grating is varied between 30 cm, 40 cm, and 50 cm.
• 😀 The laser must be turned on by adjusting the lock and ensuring the light is on.
• 😀 The diffraction grating should be centered on the optical bench for accurate results.
• 😀 The diffraction pattern is observed and drawn on paper, marking the positions of the bright and dark spots.
• 😀 The central bright spot is noted, and the surrounding bright spots are numbered (first, second, third, etc.).
• 😀 The distance between the central bright spot and the first dark spot is half the distance from the central bright spot to the first bright spot.
• 😀 Measurements are taken from the center to both the first bright spot and the first dark spot, and variations in distance are explored.

Q & A

What is the main objective of the experiment described in the transcript?

The main objective of the experiment is to study diffraction patterns using a diffraction grating, and to observe the relationship between the distances and the diffraction angles.

What tools and materials are required for the experiment?

The tools and materials required for the experiment include rails, three optical benches, a kit, a ruler, a laser, a diffraction grating with 100 lines per mm, a screen, and a millimeter block for each group.

How is the optical bench arranged for the experiment?

The optical benches are arranged on rails. The first optical bench is positioned at the starting point and fixed in place. The second optical bench is placed at the 100 cm mark, and the third optical bench is placed according to varying distances: 30 cm, 40 cm, and 50 cm.

How is the laser activated for the experiment?

The laser is activated by inserting the key into the back of the laser and turning it until the light turns on.

What is the function of the diffraction grating in this experiment?

The diffraction grating, which has 100 lines per mm, is used to diffract the laser light, producing multiple diffraction patterns that can be observed on the screen.

What should be done once the diffraction pattern is observed on the screen?

Once the diffraction pattern is visible on the screen, the central bright spot and subsequent diffraction spots (both bright and dark) should be carefully marked with a pen or pencil.

What is the role of the central bright spot in the diffraction pattern?

The central bright spot serves as the reference point for identifying the positions of subsequent bright and dark spots in the diffraction pattern.

How is the distance between the central bright spot and the first dark spot determined?

The distance between the central bright spot and the first dark spot is calculated as half the distance between the central bright spot and the first bright spot.

What is the significance of varying the distance between the screen and the diffraction grating?

Varying the distance between the screen and the diffraction grating helps to observe how the diffraction pattern changes with different distances, which is crucial for understanding diffraction angles and patterns.

What safety or cautionary advice is provided during the experiment?

The script advises to ensure that the optical benches and the laser are properly secured and that the laser's key is turned on correctly to avoid any accidents or misalignment during the experiment.