Morphology: Word Analysis Part 3

Summary

The video focuses on understanding morphemes and their attachment rules in word formation, emphasizing the importance of analyzing prefixes, suffixes, and their order. The speaker highlights the concept of derivational and inflectional affixes, explaining how they impact word structure. Several examples are provided, such as 'happiness' and 'misbehave,' to illustrate affix placement. The speaker concludes with a reminder about practice exercises, encouraging manual analysis of morphemes and affix attachments. The session ends with a call to complete an assignment and upload it for further discussion.

Takeaways

• 😀 The script focuses on analyzing words with three morphemes, explaining how different affixes attach to the root word.
• 😀 The script explains that prefixes do not always come before suffixes in word formation. The order depends on specific linguistic rules, not a fixed sequence.
• 😀 The example 'and happiness' is used to demonstrate how certain morphemes attach to a root word and the need to avoid incorrect morpheme placement.
• 😀 The analysis of the word 'bij het' demonstrates how morphemes like 'miss' and 'have' can combine, and that the root word determines the correct attachment of morphemes.
• 😀 The video introduces the concept of inflectional and derivational morphemes and emphasizes the need to differentiate them in word formation.
• 😀 Derivational morphemes are emphasized as always preceding inflectional morphemes, indicating the importance of their order in word structure.
• 😀 The script provides various examples, such as 'miss' attaching to different words (e.g., 'missbehaved') and discusses the different possibilities in word combinations.
• 😀 The word 'keripik' is used as an example of an English word derived from 'facial', showing how morphemes interact in language formation.
• 😀 A key takeaway is the importance of writing by hand for practice when analyzing morphemes, with an emphasis on capturing images of handwritten work for submission.
• 😀 The lesson concludes by encouraging students to practice morpheme analysis by submitting their handwritten work to a forum for discussion and feedback.

Q & A

What is the main topic discussed in the video?

The video focuses on the analysis of words with three morphemes, particularly how prefixes, inflections, and derivations interact in word formation.

What is the significance of the word 'happiness' in the video?

The word 'happiness' is used to demonstrate the concept of blocking and how certain affixes cannot attach to certain morphemes, illustrating the difference between derivational and inflectional affixes.

What is the role of prefix and suffix in word formation, according to the video?

The video explains that there is no strict rule that prefixes must always attach before suffixes. In the case of the example 'happiness,' the affix 'ness' attaches to the root 'happy' to form the word, but the video also emphasizes that the order of attachment can vary.

What is the key difference between derivational and inflectional affixes discussed in the video?

Derivational affixes change the meaning or category of the word, while inflectional affixes modify a word to express grammatical features like tense, number, or case, but do not change the word's core meaning.

How is the word 'misbehave' analyzed in the video?

The word 'misbehave' is used to illustrate that the prefix 'mis-' can attach to the verb 'behave,' forming a new word with a different meaning. The video discusses whether the prefix or the inflectional suffix is added first.

Why is 'misbehaved' considered a derivational word in the context of this video?

In this video, 'misbehaved' is treated as a derivational word because the prefix 'mis-' changes the meaning of the verb 'behave,' and it is not simply an inflectional change like tense or plural forms.

What example is used to explain inflectional affixes in the video?

The example 'missed' is used to explain inflectional affixes, where the verb 'miss' is modified to indicate past tense by adding the '-ed' suffix, an inflectional change.

How does the video explain the relationship between inflectional and derivational morphemes?

The video explains that inflectional morphemes are always attached last, while derivational morphemes can precede them. This is demonstrated through the analysis of words like 'misbehaved' and 'missed.'

What is the 'blocking' phenomenon referred to in the video?

Blocking refers to the situation where certain morphemes cannot attach to a word due to a structural or phonological restriction, as seen in the word 'happiness,' where the prefix cannot attach to the base 'happy' in certain contexts.

How should students approach the assignment given at the end of the video?

Students are instructed to manually write out their analysis of words with multiple morphemes, then capture an image of their handwritten work to upload to the LMS, instead of using a computer for the analysis.