CERAMAH RAMADHAN || Etika Berpuasa, Cara Nabi SAW Berpuasa (1) || KH. Bukhari Sail Attahiri, Lc. MA

Summary

This script discusses the significance of fasting in Islam, particularly focusing on the practice of fasting during the month of Ramadan, as prescribed in the Qur'an. It highlights the universal obligation of fasting across different religious communities, such as Judaism and Christianity, and the different interpretations and practices related to it. The lecture also explains the meaning of 'Sawm' (fasting), the conditions for valid fasting, and its spiritual benefits. The importance of adhering to the rules of fasting, as well as the exemptions and allowances for travelers and the sick, is emphasized, urging believers to embrace Ramadan as a sacred and transformative time.

Takeaways

• 😀 The importance of fasting (Sawm) in Islam is emphasized as a significant obligation for Muslims, as stated in the Quran and Hadith.
• 😀 The Quran specifically mentions fasting as a prescribed duty for all believers, similar to the practices of previous nations.
• 😀 The term 'Kutiba' in the Quran denotes a strong, binding obligation, indicating the seriousness of fasting in Islam.
• 😀 Fasting in Islam involves abstaining from food, drink, and other actions that break the fast, from dawn to sunset, accompanied by the intention (niyyah).
• 😀 There is a discussion on the linguistic meaning of 'Sawm,' which means to restrain or withhold oneself, and its connection to the act of fasting.
• 😀 Fasting is not just about physical abstinence but also involves avoiding bad behavior, such as speaking ill or being aggressive, which invalidates the fast.
• 😀 The Quran's verse about fasting also connects it to previous religious traditions, such as the practices of previous prophets, including Prophet Noah and others.
• 😀 The importance of 'niyyah' (intention) in fasting is highlighted, with a discussion about whether the intention should be internal or external (verbal).
• 😀 The Hadith and Islamic jurisprudence specify who is obligated to fast: Muslims who are mentally sound, of legal age, capable, and not traveling.
• 😀 The script discusses the allowances for those unable to fast due to illness or travel, who can compensate by fasting later or paying a substitute (fidya).

Q & A

What is the significance of the word 'kutiba' in the Qur'an regarding fasting?

'Kutiba' is an Arabic term meaning 'it has been made obligatory.' It emphasizes the strong and binding obligation of fasting, highlighting its difficulty and seriousness. This word is used in the Qur'an to signify something that is not only mandatory but also carries significant effort, as seen in the context of fasting and even war.

What is the linguistic meaning of the word 'saum' (fasting) in Arabic?

The word 'saum' comes from the Arabic root 'sama,' meaning to abstain or restrain. It refers to the act of refraining from something, such as food, drink, or speech. This concept is not limited to fasting from food but also includes abstaining from actions that would invalidate the fast.

What is the basic definition of fasting (saum) in Islam?

Fasting in Islam involves abstaining from food, drink, and other actions that would invalidate the fast, from the break of dawn until sunset, with the intention of seeking closeness to Allah. It must be accompanied by sincere intention (niyyah).

Why is Ramadan referred to as a time when the Qur'an was revealed?

Ramadan is the month in which the Qur'an was revealed, particularly the Night of Qadr, which is mentioned in the Qur'an. This makes the month spiritually significant, as it commemorates the revelation of the divine guidance to Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him).

What does 'ayyaman ma'dudat' mean in the context of fasting?

The phrase 'ayyaman ma'dudat' means 'a few days' and refers to the prescribed days of fasting in Ramadan. Some scholars interpret this as also applying to the fasts of Ashura and Ayam al-Bid, but the primary reference is to Ramadan.

Who is obligated to fast in Islam according to the script?

There are five key conditions for being obligated to fast: being Muslim, being of sound mind, reaching the age of maturity (baligh), being physically capable of fasting, and being a resident (not a traveler). Non-Muslims and children who are not yet mature are not required to fast.

What is the ruling for someone who is ill or traveling during Ramadan?

If a person is sick or traveling during Ramadan, they are permitted to break their fast and make up for the missed days later. The Qur'an allows flexibility for such individuals, as they are not expected to endure the hardship of fasting when it could affect their health.

What is the significance of fasting beyond the physical act?

Fasting is not just about abstaining from food and drink, but also involves spiritual discipline. It is a time for Muslims to avoid sinful actions such as lying, swearing, and quarrelling. Fasting helps develop self-control, patience, and closeness to Allah.

What is the cultural significance of fasting in other Abrahamic faiths, according to the script?

In addition to Islam, fasting is practiced in other Abrahamic faiths. For example, Christians and Jews have fasting traditions, though the practices and durations may vary. The script highlights that even before Islam, other religious communities, including Jews and Christians, practiced fasting, sometimes in the form of a 40-day fast or on specific days like Ashura.

Why is it important to observe the intention (niyyah) before fasting?

The intention (niyyah) is a fundamental part of fasting. It is necessary to have a clear and conscious decision to fast before the day of fasting begins, typically made at night. This ensures that the act of fasting is done sincerely for the sake of Allah.