PERKEMBANGAN POLITIK INDONESIA PADA MASA KEMERDEKAAN #POLITIK #SEJARAH #MERDEKA #GENAP #INDONESIA

Summary

This video explores Indonesia's political development after independence, starting with the formation of the Republic of Indonesia as a federal state (RIS) and its eventual return to a unitary state (NKRI). It covers key historical moments, such as the establishment of RIS in 1949 and its dissolution in 1950, along with several security disturbances and rebellions, including the PKI rebellion, the DI/TII movement, and regional uprisings in Sulawesi Selatan, Aceh, and Kalimantan Selatan. The video offers an insightful look into the struggles Indonesia faced in establishing a unified, stable government during its early years of independence.

Takeaways

• 😀 The Republic of Indonesia was initially established as the Republic of Indonesia Serikat (RIS) on December 27, 1949, following the results of the Round Table Conference.
• 😀 RIS was a federal state, consisting of various states such as Negara Indonesia Timur, Negara Pasundan, Negara Sumatera Selatan, and others.
• 😀 The Indonesian federal system was headed by a President, with Soekarno as the first President and Mohammad Hatta as the Prime Minister.
• 😀 The formation of RIS did not last long due to rising movements that aimed to restore Indonesia as a unitary state, leading to its dissolution in 1950.
• 😀 The transition from RIS to NKRI (Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia) was officially completed on August 17, 1950.
• 😀 Several rebellions occurred during the early years of independence, including the Madiun Affair in 1948, led by the PKI to replace Pancasila with communist ideology.
• 😀 The DI/TII (Darul Islam/Tentara Islam Indonesia) rebellion, led by Kartosuwiryo, sought to establish an Islamic state in Indonesia and spread to several regions, including West Java, Aceh, Sulawesi, and Kalimantan.
• 😀 The Madiun rebellion was suppressed by the Indonesian National Army (TNI) in September 1948.
• 😀 Other rebellions included the one led by Kahar Muzakkar in South Sulawesi and the Aceh rebellion led by Daud Beureuh, both of which were addressed through military operations and dialogue.
• 😀 The government successfully suppressed the rebellions in the 1950s, including those in South Kalimantan, with Ibnu Hajar's involvement in the struggle for an Islamic state.

Q & A

What was the initial form of the Republic of Indonesia after independence?

The initial form was the Republic of Indonesia in a federated structure known as the Republic of Indonesia Serikat (RIS), established on December 27, 1949.

What was the reason for the formation of the Republic of Indonesia Serikat (RIS)?

The RIS was formed as a result of the agreements made during the Round Table Conference (KMB), aiming for a federated state of Indonesia.

What was the main purpose behind the creation of RIS?

The main purpose was to form a federal republic with multiple states within Indonesia, in which the RIS would consist of various regions and territories with some autonomy.

What led to the dissolution of the Republic of Indonesia Serikat (RIS)?

The RIS was dissolved due to the desire for a unified state, as many people felt the federated system did not align with the ideals of unity and independence for Indonesia.

When and how was the Republic of Indonesia Serikat officially dissolved?

The Republic of Indonesia Serikat was officially dissolved on August 17, 1950, when all states and territories had integrated back into the unified Republic of Indonesia.

What was the role of the Indonesian military in the conflicts following independence?

The Indonesian military played a crucial role in suppressing various rebellions and uprisings, such as the Madiun Affair in 1948, the DI/TII rebellion, and other local insurgencies.

What was the PKI rebellion in Madiun in 1948 about?

The PKI rebellion in Madiun in 1948, led by Muso, aimed to replace Indonesia's Pancasila ideology with communism and to establish a Soviet-style state in Indonesia.

What was the DI/TII rebellion, and who led it?

The DI/TII rebellion, led by Kartosuwiryo, was an Islamic movement that sought to establish an Islamic state in Indonesia. The rebellion spread across Java, Aceh, Sulawesi, and Kalimantan.

What happened to Kartosuwiryo after the DI/TII rebellion was suppressed?

Kartosuwiryo was captured and executed after the rebellion was suppressed by Indonesian military forces in 1962.

What were the reasons behind the rebellion in Aceh, and how was it resolved?

The rebellion in Aceh, led by Daud Beureuh, was a reaction to Aceh being incorporated into a province rather than being granted special status. It was resolved through military action and a reconciliation process involving dialogue with the Acehnese people in December 1962.