Circovirose Suína – Doença endêmica e de alto impacto econômico na Suinocultura.

Summary

This video discusses the significant impact of porcine circovirus (PCV) on global swine health, tracing its origins to the 1990s in Canada. The speaker explains the viral agent's characteristics, transmission methods, and key symptoms such as post-weaning wasting syndrome, reproductive issues in sows, and dermatologic lesions. Diagnostic techniques like serology, PCR testing, and immunofluorescence are highlighted as essential tools for detecting the virus. The importance of vaccination and good herd management in controlling PCV infections is emphasized, offering a comprehensive overview of prevention and control strategies for the swine industry.

Takeaways

• 😀 Circovirus is the most important viral agent in global pig farming, first identified in Canada in the 1990s.
• 😀 The primary symptom of circovirus infection is post-weaning failure-to-thrive syndrome, which affects piglets after weaning.
• 😀 Circovirus is a circular DNA virus with 11 genetic segments (ORFs), each contributing to the virus's replication and structure.
• 😀 ORF 1 is responsible for viral replication, ORF 2 for the formation of the viral capsid, and ORF 3 is involved in apoptosis.
• 😀 The virus can be transmitted vertically (from mother to piglets) or horizontally (via nasal secretions or feces).
• 😀 Piglets born from infected mothers are highly susceptible to circovirus throughout their lives.
• 😀 Circovirus infections cause significant financial losses in pig farming, with losses of 500 to 900 million euros in Europe alone.
• 😀 Common symptoms of circovirus include failure to thrive, reproductive issues in sows, and porcine dermatitis nephropathy syndrome (skin lesions and kidney damage).
• 😀 Diagnosis of circovirus involves blood tests, PCR for viremia levels, and immunofluorescence for accurate detection.
• 😀 Vaccination is the most effective prevention tool for circovirus, though its efficacy may be influenced by passive immunity from the mother.
• 😀 Managing circovirus infections involves both good farm practices and vaccination to reduce the virus's impact on productivity.

Q & A

What is the main viral agent discussed in the transcript?

The main viral agent discussed is the Porcine Circovirus Type 2 (PCV2), a significant pathogen in the swine industry.

When did the first major cases of Porcine Circovirus occur?

The first major cases were reported in Canada in the mid-1990s, with the emergence of Post-Weaning Multi-Systemic Wasting Syndrome (PMWS).

What economic impact did Porcine Circovirus have on European swine farming?

A study conducted in the early 2000s revealed that European swine farming lost between 500 to 900 million euros in revenue due to the circovirus.

How is Porcine Circovirus transmitted?

Porcine Circovirus can be transmitted vertically (from sow to piglet via intrauterine or colostrum infection) or horizontally (through oral-nasal secretions or feces).

What are the main symptoms associated with Porcine Circovirus infection?

The primary symptoms include Post-Weaning Wasting Syndrome, reproductive issues in female pigs, and Dermatitis Nephropathy Syndrome, which involves skin lesions and hemorrhagic kidney damage.

What diagnostic methods are used to detect Porcine Circovirus infection?

Diagnostics include serological testing to analyze herd infection dynamics, PCR testing for viremia levels, and immunofluorescence for confirming the virus.

What role do ORFs play in the Porcine Circovirus structure?

The virus has 11 genetic segments, called Open Reading Frames (ORFs). ORF 1 is involved in viral replication, ORF 2 in capsid protein formation, and ORF 3 in apoptosis induction.

Why are piglets born with circovirus infection highly susceptible to the virus throughout their lives?

Piglets born with or infected by circovirus are highly susceptible due to the virus’s ability to colonize the thymus and impair the immune system, leaving them vulnerable to infections.

What are the primary challenges with vaccinating piglets against Porcine Circovirus?

One challenge is that the passive immunity transferred from the sow via colostrum can interfere with the effectiveness of vaccines in piglets, which requires careful vaccination planning.

What is the best preventive measure for controlling Porcine Circovirus in swine farms?

Vaccination is the most effective preventive measure, along with proper herd management practices to control the spread of the virus.