Die richtige Altersvorsorge: Riester, ETFs oder Immobilie? | Serie Basics der Altersvorsorge 1/5

Summary

This video provides a comprehensive guide to retirement planning, exploring various options like real estate investment, ETF savings plans, company pension schemes (BAV), and government-supported Riester and Rürup pensions. The speaker emphasizes the importance of starting early and benefiting from compound interest. Viewers are encouraged to evaluate their individual financial situations and consider low-cost, flexible solutions like ETF savings plans, while also weighing the pros and cons of other retirement options. The video aims to help users make informed, personalized decisions for securing their financial future.

Takeaways

• 😀 Start saving early for retirement to benefit from compound interest, especially if you have at least 15 years before retirement.
• 🏠 Buying a home can be a good retirement investment, but it depends on factors like having sufficient equity, affordable financing, and being comfortable with property management.
• 💡 To determine if a home is a good investment, ensure that the price-to-rent ratio is below 25 by dividing the purchase price by the potential annual rental income.
• 💼 A low-cost, flexible ETF savings plan is a great retirement option, especially for young people and freelancers who are uncertain about the future.
• 📊 With an ETF savings plan, you can adjust contributions and withdrawals based on life changes, but it's ideal to leave the money invested for at least 10-15 years for reliable returns.
• 💼 The company pension (BAV) is beneficial if your employer contributes 50% of the premiums, but if the employer’s contribution is minimal, it might not be the best option.
• 💵 Rürup pensions are suitable for self-employed individuals and can be tax-deductible, but they are inflexible since you cannot access the funds until retirement.
• 👶 Riester pensions are most beneficial for people with children or low income, as you can receive state subsidies and tax benefits.
• 🏡 Wohn-Riester allows you to use your Riester savings for homeownership, with the state contributing to part of your loan repayment, making it a good option for those planning to buy a house.
• ⚖️ When choosing a retirement product, always consider the costs, expected returns, and flexibility, not just the tax benefits or state subsidies.
• 🔑 It’s important to mix different retirement products based on your needs, the expected pension from the state, inflation rates, and your financial goals.

Q & A

What is the key benefit of starting retirement planning early?

The key benefit of starting early is the power of compound interest, which significantly enhances the growth of investments over time, making early contributions more valuable.

How can an individual determine if buying a property is a good retirement strategy?

To evaluate if buying a property is a good strategy, an individual should consider factors like having enough equity (at least 20%), affordability of the mortgage payments, and whether they are comfortable with the responsibilities of homeownership. Additionally, the purchase price should be reasonable, ideally with a price-to-rent ratio below 25.

What is the advantage of an ETF savings plan for retirement?

An ETF savings plan is cost-effective, flexible, and provides the ability to adjust contributions or pause them as needed. It’s especially suitable for individuals uncertain about their future or income, offering a low-risk option with potential for long-term growth.

What are the key limitations of a company pension (BAV)?

A company pension (BAV) is illiquid, meaning the money cannot be accessed until retirement. Its benefits depend on the employer's contributions, and its overall value may be lower if the employer only provides the minimum required contribution. Additionally, employees may face social security contributions on payouts.

Who should consider a Riester pension as part of their retirement strategy?

A Riester pension is ideal for individuals with low to moderate incomes, especially those with children, as it offers state subsidies. It can also be beneficial for high-income earners who can deduct contributions from their taxes. However, it’s important to choose a contract with low fees to maximize the benefits.

What are the pros and cons of a Rürup pension?

The Rürup pension offers tax benefits, as contributions can be deducted from taxable income, which is useful for individuals with high earnings. However, it is inflexible and the money cannot be accessed until retirement. It's particularly suited for self-employed individuals, though younger people should proceed cautiously.

What is the difference between Riester and Rürup pensions in terms of flexibility?

Riester pensions offer more flexibility compared to Rürup pensions. For example, Riester allows early withdrawal of the funds under specific conditions, such as using the money for buying a home. In contrast, Rürup pensions are unmodifiable, and contributions cannot be retrieved until retirement.

How do tax advantages affect the choice between Riester and Rürup pensions?

Riester pensions are advantageous for those seeking direct subsidies and tax deductions, particularly families with children or individuals with lower taxable income. Rürup pensions are more beneficial for high-income earners due to the ability to deduct larger contributions from taxes.

What is the recommended strategy for self-employed individuals planning for retirement?

Self-employed individuals are encouraged to begin with a flexible and low-risk option, like an ETF savings plan, before considering more rigid strategies like a Rürup pension. The flexibility of an ETF plan allows for adjustments based on income fluctuations.

What should one consider when choosing between an ETF savings plan and a property investment for retirement?

When deciding between an ETF savings plan and property, consider your long-term financial goals, liquidity needs, and risk tolerance. ETFs offer flexibility and lower initial capital requirements, while property investments can build equity but are less liquid and more management-intensive.