Urusan Pemerintahan & Azas Penyelenggaraan - UU 23/2014

Summary

This video delves into Indonesia's governance framework as outlined in Law No. 23 of 2014. It explores key government affairs, including absolute, concurrent, and general affairs, and how these are divided between central and regional authorities. The video also explains the principles of governance—centralization, deconcentration, delegated duties, and decentralization—highlighting their practical applications in local and national governance. Additionally, it reviews the regulations that guide these principles, such as the implementation of regional finance and planning policies, ensuring effective governance across Indonesia.

Takeaways

• 😀 The Law No. 23 of 2014 on Regional Government defines three categories of government affairs: Absolute, Concurrent, and General Affairs.
• 😀 Absolute Affairs are entirely under the central government's control, including defense, security, foreign policy, justice, and monetary and fiscal matters.
• 😀 Concurrent Affairs involve shared responsibilities between the central government, provincial governments, and local governments. They are divided into mandatory and optional categories.
• 😀 Mandatory Concurrent Affairs include essential services such as education, healthcare, and social welfare, which must be implemented by local governments.
• 😀 Optional Concurrent Affairs, like tourism and fisheries, allow local governments to choose whether to manage them based on regional needs.
• 😀 General Affairs refer to issues related to national unity, Pancasila ideology, and democratic governance, often handled by the central government.
• 😀 The four principles of governance in Indonesia are Centralization, Decentralization, Delegation of Tasks, and Deconcentration.
• 😀 Centralization refers to the full control of certain matters by the central government, including foreign policy and defense.
• 😀 Deconcentration is when the central government delegates tasks to local officials, such as governors or vertical agencies, to manage in specific regions.
• 😀 Decentralization involves the transfer of authority to local governments, allowing them to manage public affairs independently, especially in areas like education and healthcare.
• 😀 Derivative regulations like Government Regulations (PP) and Ministerial Regulations (Permendagri) support the implementation of Law No. 23/2014, guiding the financial management, reporting, and planning at local levels.

Q & A

What are the three main topics discussed in the video related to government affairs?

The three main topics are: 1) Government affairs, 2) Principles of governance, and 3) Regulations derived from Law No. 23 of 2014 on Regional Government.

What is the concept of 'Absolute Affairs' in the context of government affairs?

Absolute Affairs refer to matters that are entirely under the authority of the central government. Examples include defense, security, religion, justice, foreign policy, and fiscal and monetary matters.

How is 'Concurrent Affairs' different from 'Absolute Affairs'?

Concurrent Affairs are shared responsibilities between the central government, provincial governments, and municipal governments. This allows for a division of tasks across different levels of government.

Can you explain what 'General Affairs' refer to in government?

General Affairs refer to matters under the authority of the President, involving national ideology, governance, national security, and public order. These affairs do not fall under specific regional government jurisdiction.

What are the key differences between decentralization and deconcentration?

Decentralization involves transferring political authority to regional governments, allowing them to manage their own affairs with financial resources from the local budget. Deconcentration, on the other hand, is the delegation of authority from the central government to its representatives in the regions, such as governors or vertical agencies, but the political control remains with the central government.

What is the purpose of decentralization in Indonesia?

Decentralization in Indonesia is aimed at promoting good governance and democracy, allowing local governments to manage their own affairs and better meet the needs of the community at the regional level.

What are some examples of 'Concurrent Affairs' under the 'Mandatory' and 'Optional' categories?

Mandatory Concurrent Affairs include public services such as education, health, and social services, which must be provided by local governments. Optional Concurrent Affairs include areas like tourism, fisheries, and industry, where local governments can choose to prioritize based on regional needs.

How are 'Mandatory Basic Services' in education and health handled by the government?

For mandatory basic services, such as education and health, the government sets minimum service standards (SPM), which must be met by local governments. For example, secondary education is managed by provincial governments, while primary education is managed at the district or city level.

What does the term 'Task Assignment' refer to in the context of government affairs?

Task Assignment refers to the delegation of certain government duties from the central government to regional governments or local agencies. These tasks are usually responsibilities of higher-level authorities that need to be carried out locally due to geographic or administrative considerations.

What are some examples of regulations derived from Law No. 23 of 2014?

Examples of regulations derived from Law No. 23 of 2014 include: Government Regulation No. 18 of 2016 on regional government devices, Government Regulation No. 12 of 2019 on regional financial management, and Permendagri No. 86 of 2017 on regional development planning.