PENGANTAR KEBIJAKAN PUBLIK "Sejarah Kebijakan Publik" Oleh Fadillah Putra, MPAff., Ph.D

Summary

This video provides a comprehensive introduction to public policy analysis, discussing its evolution and key components. It explores the intersection of policy and neuroscience, highlighting the development of public policy over time, from early human history to modern governance. The video explains the essential aspects of public policy: deliberate action by public authorities, clear intentions, and broad societal impact. It also covers the four main types of public policy—distributive, redistributive, regulatory, and constituency—and emphasizes the importance of distinguishing between written and unwritten policies in analysis. Ultimately, the video aims to equip viewers with the foundational tools for effective policy analysis.

Takeaways

• 😀 Public policy is a decision made by government officials to address issues affecting society, and it directly impacts public welfare.
• 😀 Public policies can be classified into different types based on their purpose, such as regulatory, distributive, redistributive, or constituent policies.
• 😀 Policies are categorized into written and unwritten forms. Written policies are formally documented, while unwritten policies are informal decisions made in day-to-day governance.
• 😀 Most public policy decisions are made informally and do not result in official documentation, which can make analyzing their impact more challenging.
• 😀 The official documentation of written policies, like laws and regulations, is critical in ensuring they are formally recognized and enforceable.
• 😀 Public officials often make numerous informal decisions daily that significantly affect society but may not be formally recorded in legal documents.
• 😀 Analyzing unwritten policies requires an understanding of their implications, even when they are not formally documented, through tools and techniques.
• 😀 Policy analysis aims to uncover the underlying effects of decisions that may not be easily visible or verifiable through traditional documentation.
• 😀 The role of public policy analysts is to identify and analyze the effects of both written and unwritten policies on societal welfare.
• 😀 Understanding the types of policies and their respective implications is crucial for performing comprehensive public policy analysis.

Q & A

What is the difference between written and unwritten public policies?

Written public policies are formalized, legalized, and officially documented in government publications such as laws, decrees, or regulations. Unwritten policies, on the other hand, are informal decisions made by public officials in their daily work that are not officially recorded but still have an impact on the public.

Why are most public policies unwritten according to the speaker?

Most public policies are unwritten because public officials often make decisions daily that do not require formal documentation. These decisions may address immediate needs or requests from the community but do not necessarily result in formal legal documents.

How do unwritten policies impact society, even though they are not officially documented?

Unwritten policies can still have significant consequences for society. They may affect public welfare or development, as decisions made by public officials, though not recorded in official documents, can shape the lives of individuals and communities.

What are some examples of unwritten decisions in public policy?

An example of an unwritten decision might include a public official deciding to allocate resources to a specific group or community based on immediate needs, without formal documentation such as laws or regulations being created.

What challenges do policy analysts face when dealing with unwritten public policies?

Policy analysts face the challenge of not being able to verify or document the decisions made by public officials. Since these decisions are not formally recorded, it can be difficult to track their impact or analyze them in a systematic manner.

What tools and techniques can public policy analysts use to assess unwritten policies?

Public policy analysts can use various analytical tools and techniques to infer the effects of unwritten policies. These tools help them analyze the broader implications of decisions, even if those decisions are not formally documented.

Why is understanding both written and unwritten policies important for public policy analysis?

Understanding both written and unwritten policies is crucial because unwritten policies can have as significant an impact as written ones. A comprehensive analysis requires considering both types of policies to fully assess their implications for society.

How do unwritten policies differ from written ones in terms of documentation?

Written policies are officially documented in legal frameworks, such as laws, decrees, or regulations, and are accessible through government records. Unwritten policies, however, are informal and often do not appear in any formal documents, making them harder to track and analyze.

What is the role of public officials in making unwritten policy decisions?

Public officials play a key role in making unwritten policy decisions by addressing day-to-day public needs or requests. These decisions may involve allocating resources or making temporary adjustments based on immediate circumstances but are not formalized in legal documents.

What impact do unwritten policies have on public welfare or development?

Despite being undocumented, unwritten policies can significantly affect public welfare or development. These decisions can directly impact the lives of individuals, communities, and the overall functioning of public services, as they respond to immediate needs or evolving situations.