Masa Orde Baru: Tritura, Supersemar, Kebijakan Politik Dalam Negri, dan Fusi Parpol | Part 1

Summary

This video by Andi from tutor sejarah.id delves into Indonesia's Orde Baru (New Order) period, spanning from 1966 to 1998. It outlines the historical context, including the 1965 G30S PKI coup attempt and the pivotal Supersemar order, which empowered General Suharto to restore stability. The discussion highlights key policies of the New Order, such as the dissolution of the Indonesian Communist Party, the establishment of several cabinets, and the implementation of a single-party political system based on Pancasila. The video concludes with an examination of the era's impact on Indonesia, setting the stage for the Reformation period.

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Q & A

What period did the New Order era in Indonesia cover?

The New Order era in Indonesia lasted from 1966 to 1998.

What event marked the beginning of the New Order era?

The New Order era began with a directive issued by President Sukarno to General Suharto in 1966 to secure the nation amidst chaos.

What significant event occurred in 1998 that indicated the end of the New Order?

In 1998, President Suharto announced his resignation, marking the end of the New Order era.

What was the G30S/PKI incident?

The G30S/PKI incident involved a failed coup by the Indonesian Communist Party that resulted in the abduction and murder of several army generals.

What were the main demands of the students during the February 1966 protests?

The students' demands, known as Tritura, included the dissolution of the Indonesian Communist Party (PKI), the cleaning of the cabinet from PKI elements, and a reduction in prices.

What is Supersemar, and why is it significant?

Supersemar, or the March 11 Directive, was a letter from President Sukarno to General Suharto that empowered him to take necessary actions to stabilize the country, marking the official start of the New Order government.

What was one of Suharto's first actions after receiving Supersemar?

One of Suharto's first actions after receiving Supersemar was the dissolution of the PKI.

What were the two main political parties that emerged from the fusion policy during the New Order?

The two main parties that emerged from the fusion policy were the United Development Party (PPP) and the Indonesian Democratic Party (PDI).

What was the dual function of the Indonesian Armed Forces (ABRI) during the New Order?

The dual function of ABRI involved both defense and security roles as well as active participation in social and political life.

What was the principle of the single ideology adopted during the New Order?

The principle of the single ideology, implemented in 1985, required all social and political organizations in Indonesia to adopt Pancasila as their sole ideology.