Sejarah Hidup Tribhuwana Wijayatunggadewi Sri Ratu Majapahit

Summary

Tribuana Wijaya Tunggadewi, the third queen of Majapahit, ruled from 1328 to 1351. As the sister of Jayanegara, she ascended the throne upon his death, supported by her mother Gayatri. Her reign marked a significant expansion of Majapahit under the military leadership of Gajah Mada, who became Mahapatih after her endorsement. Notably, she played a crucial role in establishing political foundations and expanding the empire beyond Java, including the conquests of Bali and remnants of Srivijaya. Tribuana's legacy continues through her son, Hayam Wuruk, who succeeded her, and her contributions to Majapahit's prominence remain influential.

Takeaways

• 👑 Tribuana Wijaya Tunggadewi was the third ruler and Queen of Majapahit, reigning from 1328 to 1351.
• 👩‍👧 She was the half-sister of King Jayanegara and the daughter of Raden Wijaya and Gayatri.
• 💍 After Jayanegara's death in 1328, Tribuana ascended to the throne at her mother's request.
• ⚔️ Tribuana played a crucial role in suppressing rebellions, including those in Sadeng and Keta, with the help of Gajah Mada.
• 📜 Her reign is noted for laying the foundations of Majapahit's political structure and expanding its territory.
• 🌍 Under her leadership, Majapahit began its expansion beyond Java, including conquests in Bali and other regions.
• 🤝 Gajah Mada was appointed as the Mahapatih (Prime Minister) during her reign, solidifying his power and influence.
• 🌊 The famous 'Sumpah Palapa' vow was made by Gajah Mada in 1334, pledging to unify the archipelago under Majapahit.
• 👶 Hayam Wuruk, her son, was born during her reign and later became a significant ruler of Majapahit.
• 🕊️ Tribuana's reign ended around 1350, coinciding with the death of her mother, Gayatri, though some records suggest she ruled until 1351.

Q & A

Who was Tribuana Wijaya Tunggadewi?

Tribuana Wijaya Tunggadewi was the third ruler and queen of Majapahit, reigning from 1328 to 1351. She was the half-sister of Prabu Jayanegara and the daughter of Raden Wijaya and Gayatri.

What led to Tribuana ascending the throne of Majapahit?

Tribuana ascended the throne after the death of her brother, Prabu Jayanegara, in 1328, upon her mother Gayatri's request, as she was the last surviving child of Raden Wijaya.

What was Tribuana's relationship with Gajah Mada?

Tribuana appointed Gajah Mada as Mahapatih (Prime Minister), and he became a key figure in expanding Majapahit's influence during her reign.

What significant military achievements occurred during Tribuana's reign?

Under Tribuana's rule, Gajah Mada led significant military campaigns, including the conquest of Bali in 1343 and various regions in Sumatra.

What is the Sumpah Palapa, and who initiated it?

The Sumpah Palapa, or 'Palapa Oath,' was a vow taken by Gajah Mada, promising not to enjoy worldly pleasures until he united the archipelago under Majapahit's rule.

How did Tribuana's reign impact the political structure of Majapahit?

Tribuana's reign laid the foundations of Majapahit's political structure, strengthening its governance and military organization.

What was the legacy of Tribuana Wijaya Tunggadewi?

Tribuana's legacy includes the rise of her son, Hayam Wuruk, who succeeded her and continued the expansion and consolidation of the Majapahit Empire.

What were the circumstances of Tribuana's retirement from the throne?

Tribuana retired in 1351, coinciding with the death of her mother Gayatri, after having ruled for 23 years.

Where were Tribuana and her husband Kertawardhana honored after their deaths?

After their deaths, Tribuana and Kertawardhana were honored with their remains enshrined in Candi Pantara Pura and Candi Sarwajaya, respectively.

How did the political dynamics change during Tribuana's reign?

The political dynamics during Tribuana's reign saw a rise in the power of Gajah Mada, which significantly influenced Majapahit's military and territorial expansions.