Mendefinisikan ekopol komunikasi

Summary

This lecture covers the fundamentals of political economy in communication, discussing key definitions and theories from influential thinkers like Raymond Williams and Adam Smith. It explains how political economy involves managing resources at various levels—home, state, and marketplace—and how it applies to media, examining production, distribution, and consumption patterns. Using examples from Indonesian media, the lecture highlights shifts in consumer feedback's influence on production trends. It also discusses media monopolies during the New Order era and the subsequent rise of new competitors in the cinema and instant noodle industries after the reform period.

Takeaways

• 📚 The session focuses on political economy of communication, beginning with a foundational understanding of this concept.
• 🏛️ Raymond Williams emphasizes that the definition of terms should start from practical, social practices rather than theoretical concepts.
• 📖 The term 'economy' originates from the Greek words 'oikos' (house) and 'nomos' (law), initially referring to household management.
• 🏙️ 'Politics' comes from 'polis', meaning city-state in ancient Greek, representing fundamental units of political organization.
• 👨‍👩‍👧‍👦 Political economy, in this context, refers to the study of social relationships related to power, particularly in the domains of production, distribution, and consumption.
• 🎥 In communication, political economy examines how media products like films, books, and videos are produced, distributed, and consumed.
• 💻 The rise of digital media has shifted the focus toward how digital platforms are also products of communication and influence the economy.
• 📊 Consumer feedback, such as ratings, plays a significant role in the production and distribution decisions of media products.
• 🍜 An example of economic dominance is Indofood's control over the instant noodle market in Indonesia, due to its control of wheat imports via Bogasari.
• 🎬 The fall of the New Order in Indonesia allowed new players to enter previously dominated markets, such as cinema chains and instant noodle brands.

Q & A

What is the basic definition of political economy according to the transcript?

Political economy is defined as the study of social relations, particularly related to power, which typically involves the management of production, distribution, and consumption of resources. It originates from the management of a household (oikos) and state (polis).

How does Raymond Williams suggest we approach definitions in political economy?

Raymond Williams suggests that definitions in political economy should start with practical, everyday social practices, rather than purely theoretical concepts. He emphasizes that meaning is formed through social practices over time.

What is the etymological origin of the term 'economy'?

The term 'economy' comes from the Greek words 'oikos' meaning 'house' and 'nomos' meaning 'law,' which together originally referred to household management.

How is the term 'politics' defined in its original context?

The term 'politics' originates from the Greek word 'polis,' meaning city-state. In ancient Greece, this was the fundamental unit of political organization.

According to the transcript, how does Adam Smith's work relate to political economy?

Adam Smith's work, particularly in his book 'Wealth of Nations,' is foundational to understanding political economy. He connects the concept of economy with the family unit and suggests that political economy operates within the state.

What are the three key components of political economy according to the transcript?

The three key components of political economy are production, distribution, and consumption of resources.

How does political economy relate to the communication field?

In the context of communication, political economy examines how communication products like newspapers, books, films, and digital media are produced, distributed, and consumed. It also looks at how media companies make decisions based on consumer feedback, such as ratings or audience preferences.

What example from the media industry illustrates feedback influencing production?

An example is the rise in ratings for horror TV series, which leads production companies and TV stations to produce more horror-themed content. The success of films like 'KKN di Desa Penari' also encourages the production of similar films.

How did the instant noodle market in Indonesia evolve after the fall of the New Order in 1998?

After the fall of the New Order in 1998, new players like Wings Food entered the instant noodle market with products like Mie Sedap, breaking the dominance of Indofood brands like Indomie, Supermi, and Sarimi.

How did the cinema industry in Indonesia change after the New Order era?

During the New Order, the cinema industry was dominated by the 21 and XX1 networks, which controlled film distribution and screenings. After the New Order, new competitors like Blitz Megaplex emerged, diversifying the industry and reducing the dominance of the 21 network.