Intelligence artificielle : les métiers qui vont disparaître, ceux qui vont les remplacer

Summary

The script discusses the transformative impact of generative AI in 2023, highlighting its ability to create text, images, and even code. It raises concerns about job displacement, referencing a Swiss study showing France's vulnerability to automation. The discussion turns to potential solutions, such as a universal basic income, and the emergence of new jobs like AI ethicists. It also speculates on future careers, like space vacation preparation and virtual reality education.

Takeaways

• 🤖 2023 is expected to be the year of generative AI, with tools like ChatGPT gaining massive popularity.
• 📜 AI can now generate various forms of content, such as poems, texts, and even computer code, mimicking specific styles like that of Arthur Rimbaud.
• 🎨 Generative AI is also being used to create surprising and innovative images, which can be integrated into films and video games.
• 👨‍⚖️ AI is now capable of assisting in various fields such as legal pleadings, video game design, and even creating new materials.
• 🚨 Concerns about AI's impact on jobs are growing, with 40% of French people fearing that their jobs may be threatened by AI in the near future.
• 🇫🇷 France is among the countries most vulnerable to job automation by 2030, alongside Germany and Spain.
• 🔬 Studies predict that over 50% of jobs could be automated within the next 100 years, with AI possibly writing best-selling books by 2049 and assisting in surgeries by 2053.
• 💡 Sam Altman, creator of OpenAI, advocates for a universal basic income to mitigate concerns about AI replacing jobs.
• 📈 Short-term AI job replacements are likely to focus on repetitive tasks, but new professions such as AI ethics specialists will emerge.
• 🚀 New ventures like Orbite, a French company, aim to prepare people for space travel by simulating weightlessness and high-gravity conditions.

Q & A

What does the speaker identify as the major trend for 2023?

The speaker identifies 2023 as the year of generative AI, highlighting the growing impact of artificial intelligence programs that can generate text, images, and other creative outputs.

What are some examples of AI applications mentioned in the transcript?

AI applications mentioned include generating poetry, text, and computer code (e.g., in the style of Arthur Rimbaud), creating images, assisting in video games, and supporting legal arguments or inventing new materials.

What concerns do 40% of French citizens have about AI according to Statista?

40% of French citizens are concerned that their jobs might be threatened in the short or medium term by AI and automation.

Which countries are identified as the most vulnerable to job automation by 2030?

France, Germany, and Spain are identified as some of the countries most vulnerable to job automation by 2030, according to data observed by the European Centre for the Development of Vocational Training.

What does the study by Yale and Oxford researchers predict about job automation?

The study predicts that there is more than a 50% chance that all jobs could be automated within the next 100 years, with some tasks, like writing a bestselling book, becoming automated by 2049, and surgery by 2053.

What is Sam Altman’s proposed solution to job displacement caused by AI?

Sam Altman, the creator of OpenAI (which developed ChatGPT and DALL·E), advocates for a universal basic income (UBI) to help people cope with job displacement, allowing them to engage in creative activities or leisure.

What kind of tasks are most likely to be replaced by AI in the short term, according to the Berkeley professor?

The Berkeley professor explains that repetitive tasks are the most likely to be replaced by AI in the short term, while other non-repetitive tasks are less of a concern for now.

What new job roles are expected to emerge with the rise of AI?

New roles like 'AI ethicist' may emerge, focusing on guiding autonomous systems like self-driving cars to make ethical decisions in critical situations, such as minimizing harm during accidents.

What unique business venture does Nicolas Gaume plan to launch in 2024?

Nicolas Gaume, a French entrepreneur, plans to launch 'Orbit' in 2024, a space tourism training center with features like a neutral buoyancy pool and a centrifuge to simulate space conditions such as zero gravity and high-G forces.

How might virtual reality be used in education in the future?

Virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) are expected to be used in educational settings, with VR headsets allowing immersive learning experiences and AR enhancing real-world interaction with virtual content.