Sources and Kinds of Subject
Summary
TLDRThis lecture introduces the five major sources of art: nature, Greek and Roman mythology, Judeo-Christian tradition, literature and sacred texts, and history. It explains how each source influences artistic expression, from the beauty of nature and mythological stories to religious beliefs and historical events. The instructor highlights examples from artists like Vincent van Gogh and works such as 'Liberty Leading the People.' The lecture emphasizes how art reflects human culture, beliefs, and history, while encouraging students to appreciate the complexity and significance of art in society.
Takeaways
- 🌿 Nature is a recurring theme in art across cultures, used both literally and abstractly, to depict depth, beauty, or intellectual ideas.
- 🎨 Vincent van Gogh saw art and nature as inseparable, finding joy in painting nature as a source of solace and inspiration.
- 🗿 Greek and Roman mythology serve as major sources of art, with mythological imagery influencing figure paintings, often in large formats.
- 🖼️ Mythological paintings were particularly popular during the Renaissance, Romanticism, and the Age of Enlightenment, featuring gods like Zeus, Aphrodite, and Athena.
- ✝️ Judeo-Christian tradition in art reflects a belief in monotheism, often seen in early Christian artworks like the Sarcophagus of Junius Bassus.
- 📖 Indian art is deeply influenced by literature and sacred texts such as the Vedas, Mahabharata, and Ramayana, which often depict deities with multiple arms or heads.
- 👑 Historical events are significant sources of art, providing a means to understand human past and its connection to the present.
- 🖌️ Art plays a role in shaping and reflecting cultural identities, allowing people to see themselves and their world in new ways.
- ⚔️ Historical artworks, like Eugene Delacroix’s 'Liberty Leading the People', depict pivotal moments in history, such as the July Revolution in France.
- 📜 The five main sources of art are nature, Greek and Roman mythology, Judeo-Christian tradition, literature and sacred texts, and history, each offering unique inspiration and perspectives for artistic expression.
Q & A
What are the five major sources of art mentioned in the transcript?
-The five major sources of art are nature, Greek and Roman mythology, Judeo-Christian tradition, literature and sacred texts, and history.
How does nature influence art, according to the transcript?
-Nature can be a simple addition to convey depth in a painting or the main focus of an artwork. It can symbolize intellectual thought, spirituality, curiosity, or the sublime. It also offers a standard for artistic creation, where artists use it to represent or reimagine the natural world.
What was Vincent van Gogh's perspective on nature in relation to his art?
-Vincent van Gogh saw art and nature as inseparable, stating that without a love for nature, his work would make him unhappy. He found solace and happiness in painting from nature.
How has Greek and Roman mythology influenced art?
-Greek and Roman mythology has traditionally been used in art to depict mythological figures and stories. It has influenced history painting, Renaissance art, 19th-century Romanticism, and academic art. Mythological imagery often includes gods and goddesses, and themes from literature like Homer's Iliad and Odyssey.
What role does Judeo-Christian tradition play in art?
-Judeo-Christian tradition in art reflects monotheism, with themes of belief in one creator. Jewish art was limited due to the prohibition of graven images, but Christian art, like the Sarcophagus of Junius Bassus, showcases early religious iconography and the shift from paganism to Christianity in Roman society.
What are the key features of Indian art influenced by literature and sacred texts?
-Indian art, particularly from Hinduism, often depicts gods and goddesses with vibrant colors and dynamic scenes. Deities are sometimes shown with multiple arms or heads to represent their divine power and omnipresence. These features are rooted in sacred texts such as the Upanishads and epics like the Mahabharata and Ramayana.
How does history serve as a source of art?
-History provides a reference for art, where significant events and figures are depicted. Art reflects cultural visions of the past and helps create a culture's self-image. It also allows for the understanding of past human experiences and their relation to the present.
What is the significance of the painting 'Liberty Leading the People' by Eugène Delacroix?
-'Liberty Leading the People' is a painting by Eugène Delacroix that commemorates the July Revolution of 1830 in France. It symbolizes rebellion and the fight for freedom. The painting was initially met with mixed reviews but later became a symbol of justified revolt and national pride.
How are mythological stories incorporated into visual art?
-Mythological stories are depicted through figure paintings, often in large formats, and are based on fables, legends, and traditional tales. These include depictions of gods, goddesses, and mythological creatures, primarily from Greek and Roman sources.
What artistic features are highlighted in ancient Indian paintings?
-Ancient Indian paintings often feature deities with multiple limbs or heads, symbolizing their divine powers and cosmic abilities. This technique is used to express their omnipotence and omnipresence, especially during battles against forces of evil.
Outlines
🌿 Nature as a Source of Art
This paragraph introduces nature as a timeless theme in art, present across various cultures such as American, Korean, and Philippine art. The depiction of nature can be literal or abstract, representing different aspects of the natural world, from colors to landscapes. Nature may serve as a background or the focal point of a piece, and it often symbolizes intellectual thought and spirituality. Examples include Vincent van Gogh's 'Plane of Offers' and a still life featuring insects, demonstrating how nature can inspire scientific observation, philosophical ideas, or simply depict beauty. Artists like Van Gogh viewed nature and art as inseparable, finding joy in painting natural scenes.
🏛️ Greek and Roman Mythology in Art
This paragraph explores the influence of Greek and Roman mythology on art, particularly history paintings. Mythological images are drawn from traditional tales explaining beliefs or events and are often depicted in large formats. Renaissance art and 19th-century romanticism played significant roles in shaping this genre. Common mythological subjects include gods and goddesses like Aphrodite, Apollo, and Zeus. Renaissance and Enlightenment thinkers revered classical antiquity, which influenced the development of mythological art. Examples include 'The Chimera' by Gustave Moreau and 'Allegory with Venus and Cupid' by Agnolo Bronzino.
✝️ Judeo-Christian Tradition in Art
This paragraph examines the role of Judeo-Christian traditions in art. The Roman Empire's transition from polytheism to monotheism, specifically Judaism and Christianity, influenced artistic expressions. Jewish artists were scarce due to prohibitions on visual art, but the influence of Christianity became prominent in early Christian art, such as the sarcophagus of Genius Bassus. This sarcophagus, made in 395 CE, showcases early Christian symbols and is an example of how faith and art intersected in a culturally diverse empire. The art reflects deep religious convictions, often with hidden Christian elements to avoid persecution.
📚 Literature and Sacred Texts in Indian Art
This paragraph delves into the influence of Indian literature and sacred texts on art. Indian artists were influenced by various historical and religious factors, resulting in a rich tradition of art deeply rooted in texts like the Upanishads, Puranas, and the Mahabharata. Vibrant colors and dynamic scenes depict Hindu gods and goddesses, often with multiple limbs symbolizing their immense power. These representations serve to express omnipresence and omnipotence, with demons often shown with multiple heads to symbolize their superhuman abilities. Deities like Shiva are depicted with multiple faces to reflect different aspects of their character.
🗺️ History as a Source of Art
This paragraph highlights how historical events have inspired countless works of art. Art reflects cultural identity and helps create a society's vision of itself. By studying historical art, we understand humanity's past and its relevance to the present. Ancient art was often used to influence others, distinguish between cultures, or serve political and economic purposes. An example is Eugène Delacroix’s 'Liberty Leading the People,' which commemorates the 1830 July Revolution in Paris. The painting, combining realism and idealism, reflects the artist’s expressive style and serves as a powerful emblem of rebellion and liberty.
🎨 Conclusion: Sources of Art
This paragraph provides a summary of the five main sources of art discussed: nature, Greek and Roman mythology, the Judeo-Christian tradition, literature and sacred texts, and history. Each source provides a unique perspective on the world, from the beauty of nature to the deities of mythology, the monotheistic beliefs of Christianity and Judaism, the vibrant religious texts of India, and significant historical events. Art from these sources helps us understand both the past and ourselves, reflecting humanity's creativity, spirituality, and social evolution.
👋 Final Thoughts and Goodbye
In this closing paragraph, the instructor, Ianpulhd, thanks the audience for their attention throughout the discussion on the sources of art. He emphasizes the complexity and beauty of the subject, reminds students of their uniqueness and value, and looks forward to the next class, ending with a cheerful farewell.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Nature
💡Greek and Roman Mythology
💡Judeo-Christian Tradition
💡Literature and Sacred Text
💡History
💡Vincent van Gogh
💡Mythological Imagery
💡Renaissance Art
💡Vedic Texts
💡Liberty Leading the People
Highlights
Nature has been a consistent theme in art across cultures, serving as both a literal and abstract element.
Art can depict nature's beauty, intellectual thought, and spirituality, often creating new ways to view the natural world.
Vincent van Gogh believed that art and nature were inseparable, finding solace and happiness in painting nature.
Greek and Roman mythology has significantly influenced art, especially in historical paintings depicting mythological figures and stories.
Mythological paintings were often large format, focusing on gods like Aphrodite, Zeus, and Apollo, inspired by Renaissance art and Romanticism.
Judeo-Christian traditions impacted art through religious symbols and depictions, such as early Christian sarcophagi like that of Genius Basses.
Art in India, influenced by literature and sacred texts, often depicts deities with multiple arms, representing power and omnipresence.
Indian art frequently portrays gods and demons using symbolism like multiple heads to indicate superhuman powers or different divine aspects.
Historically significant events serve as a source for art, allowing artists to depict humanity's past and its relationship with the present.
Autobiographies, diaries, and interviews of artists can serve as primary sources of art, helping to understand the personal history behind their work.
Art has been used historically for various purposes, such as appeasing gods, frightening enemies, and distinguishing cultures.
The painting 'Liberty Leading the People' by Eugene Delacroix is an example of history-inspired art, commemorating the July Revolution in Paris.
Nature-based art reflects the beauty of the natural world and conveys philosophical ideas about humanity's connection to nature.
Greek and Roman mythology in art often illustrates stories from literature like Homer’s 'Iliad' and 'Odyssey.'
Judeo-Christian tradition prohibited certain forms of art due to religious beliefs, leading to a unique evolution in artistic expression.
Transcripts
i hope you did well on our first
activity
this time we will discuss the different
sources of art and the major
contributors of it
okay
all right
first one we have nature
the theme of nature in art has almost
always been present whether in american
art korean art
or art from any other culture even
philippine art
sometimes its depiction can be literal
or even abstract
narrowing it down to just colors of the
natural world
nature can be a simple add-on to a
painting to convey a sense of depth
or perspective
however
it can also be the main focus of an
artwork
of art
just like nature can be recreated
through art
it can also be used as a standard
for greater the thought
a realistic depiction of a mountain for
example can symbolize not only the
sublime but also curiosity for the
unknown
depictions of nature can also be about
intellectual thought and spirituality
take a closer look for these two
examples or paintings
we have the first one the plane of
offers by vincent van gogh and the
second one is a still life it's the
title is cockroach fur
beetle
wood lice and other insects with a sprig
of articulant
art involving nature can be done simply
to display the beauty of the nature
world around us
to make scientific observation in
environment or to open our minds to
philosophical ideas about our own
connection
to nature and beyond
the philosophers
the philosopher aristotle once wrote
that art not only imitates nature but it
also completes its deficiencies
this can be interpreted as art not only
recreating the natural world but also
creating new ways in which to see it in
another light in other words art is the
missing voice of what nature lacks to
speak
so we have here vincent van gogh
according to him
if i felt no love for nature and my work
then i would be unhappy so this is his
letter to his brother theo
according to van vincent go he saw art
and nature as inseparable
often finding solace and happiness in
painting in it and painting from it
next we have another source of art which
is the greek and roman mythology
traditionally classified as a form of
history painting mythological pictures
are based on themes taken from mythology
that is from traditional tales invented
to explain a particular belief
historical event or fact of nature
mythological imagery can also be based
on fables or parables
or historical legends
whatever their origin is these pictures
usually involved figure painting and are
often executed in a large format
influences on the development of
mythological painting included
renaissance art from 1400 to 1600 and
19th century romanticism as well as the
aesthetics of academic art as championed
by the major european academies of fine
art notably the prestigious french
academy in paris
take a closer look for this two example
painting
we have the first one the chimera from
187 by gustav morrow and allegory with
venus and cupid by agnolo branzino
up until the 20th century
the most common mythological paintings
were those that illustrates greek and
roman myths involving greek gods and
goddesses like aphrodite apollo
artemis athena dionysus
hera
hermes and zeus as well as callisto io
europa
janae
ganymede leather and semi roman dieties
like apollo diana juno
jupiter mars mercury neptune and venus
were also popular subjects all of this
was because the italian renaissance
venerated anything to do with the art of
classical antiquity as did the leading
art critics of the age of enlightenment
like johann jochem winkelmann
and the 19th century like john ruskin in
a wider sense mythological pictures
might be based on stories taken from
literature
typical sources are the place of william
shakespeare
the poetry of tennyson as well as books
such as the iliad and odyssey by homer
or aesop's fables and many more next we
have the judeo-christian tradition
the roman empire was extraordinarily
diverse with respect to social
ethical racial linguistic and religious
backgrounds
during the second and third centuries
many romans started to reject polytheism
in favor of monotheism
judaism and christianity are both
monotheism meaning a belief in one
creator of the universe who hears
prayers and rules
jews believe that god made covenant with
them and that they are the chosen people
awaiting the coming of the messiah
or what we call the anointed one
christians believe that jesus christ was
the messiah
the second commandment as noted in the
old testament warns all followers of the
hebrew god yahweh
thou shalt not make unto thee any graven
image
as most rabbinical authorities
interpreted this commandment as the
prohibition of visual art
jewish artists were relatively rare
until they lived in assimilated european
communities beginning in the late 18th
century we have here an example of
judeo-christian tradition art which is a
sarcophagus of genius basses from 3559ad
the sarcophagus of genius basis is a
prominent example of the early christian
art that was completed in 395 ce
this sarcophagus was specifically made
for genius and was made from marble
however the artist is unknown
genius hid the fact that he was a
christian most likely because of the
fact that he held a high political
status and most of the public officials
during that time were pagans as were
most romans in general
many art historians that were that have
studied his sarcophagus believed that
this might be why he waited until he was
on his deathbed to get baptized
the majority of his sarcophagus is
either destroyed or eroded however
one side does remain intact and it is
easy to see that it is highly christian
next we have literature and sacred text
when it comes to india's paint we all
should keep in mind that this is a very
vast region that receives influences
from other cultures
indian artists developed their art and
generals cultured tradition according to
historical moments and religious
situations that unfolded differently in
each region
at different periods in the long history
of ancient paintings in india we see
that the result of this amalgam of
cultures
religions politics and social castes
as well as the performance of economic
development in each region define
pictorial
trends and development of different
techniques according to their origin
it also offers some common
implementation features
and by the way literature and sacred
text deeply wrote rooted in vedic texts
such as upanishads puranas sanskrit
epics like mahabharata and ramayana
so usually it has vibrant colors and
dynamic scenes represent mystic legends
of gods and goddesses in hinduism
painting in india take a closer closer
look of this picture or this painting
it is an ancient painting from india
in the ancient painting of india
especially in flourish period of
hinduism and them further on
often deities are represented with
multiple arms
especially when they are engaged in
combat using its cosmic form for the
destruction of power forces of evil the
multiplicity of arms highlights the
immense power of the deity and their
ability to perform various acts or
achievement involving courage skill or
strength at the same time
indian artist leans to represent
representations of this kind of
multi-limbed creatures since they
constitute a simple and also effective
means of expressing the omnipresence and
omnipotence of a deity
demons are often symbolized with
multiple heads to indicate their
superhuman powers but the occasional
representation of a deity with more than
one head is generally motivated by a
desire to portray different aspects of
the character of that deity
so when lord shiva is depicted with a
triple head
the central face indicates its essential
character and the remaining faces
represents the aspects of ferocity and
happiness
next we have history
historically significant events
particularly in the affairs of humanity
are abundant reference for art
production
so the primary sources in art may take
many forms including the artwork
autobiographies
film of the artist
interviews diaries speeches letters
artifacts of the artist and photographs
of artworks or artists
art both reflects and helps to create a
culture's vision of itself
studying the art of the past teaches us
how people have seen themselves and
their world
and how they want to show this to others
history as a source of art provides a
means by which we can understand our
human past and its relationship to our
present because the act of making art is
one of humanity's most ubiquitous
activities
art has existed for a very long time
even before the beginning of formal
education
in the ancient times it was used to
appease the gods frighten enemies compel
people and distinguish between various
cultures and even served reasons for
personal and economic importance
most of the pieces of art that you see
have a personal history behind them
and while the average eye only
appreciates the aesthetic of that piece
of art an art student would take time to
see the main essence of
it now let's have an example of an
artwork that depicts history
we have here the liberty leading the
people by eugene de la crosse
from 1830
liberty leading the people
is an oil painting from 1830 by french
artist eugene de la cruz
a commemoration from the july revolution
in paris that removed charles ii
the restored bourbon king from the
throne the heroic scene of
rebellion was initially received with
mixed
reviews
but it became one of the lacrosse most
popular paintings an emblem of the july
revolution and justified revolt
de la crosse
finished the painting in three months
and it was shown with 23 other
revolution inspired works at the night
that at the 1831 salon and animal
exhibition of french art held at the
loave
yet the lacrosse by combining realism
and idealism
and by applying his characteristics or
characteristically
expressive brushwork created a more
modern scene that contrasted with those
of his competitors
contemporary critics and viewers were
nonetheless divided on whether the
painting was heroic or distasteful
now we have all the sources of art
subjects actually we have five first one
we have nature
second greek and roman mythology
followed by judeo-christian tradition
next is the literature in sacred text
and the last is the history
to sum up there are five sources of
artwork
nature as a source of art depicts the
beauty of the sceneries and the life it
represents
greek and roman mythology explores the
deities from the world of mythology and
its impact to their artworks
gdo-christian tradition on the other
hand focuses on the belief of a supreme
deity or monotheism
that is reflected in their gravestones
pots and even architectural structures
literature and sacred text
touches the stories from the sacred text
mainly from india like the vedas and how
they were depicted on their paintings
and even stages
lastly history as a source of art
subject where it uses the events in the
past as the focus of an artwork
this could show the events that happen
in the past the political stand or even
the simple events that represent amy
marble seen in the past
now thank you for always listening to
this complex yet beautiful world of art
once again this is ianpulhd your
instructor for ga 106 art appreciation
remember that you are a masterpiece and
you are unique see you in our next class
bye
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you
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