Pengantar Fikih Jinayah ( Hukum Pidana Islam ) Bagian pertama
Summary
TLDRThe speaker introduces Islamic criminal law (fiqh jinayah), emphasizing its foundations in Islamic teachings, particularly faith (iman), law (Islam), and ethics (ihsan). The speaker outlines the six major branches of Islamic jurisprudence, with a focus on fiqh jinayah, which deals with Islamic criminal law. He explains how Islamic law is derived from the Quran and Hadith and touches on the limited application of Islamic criminal law in Indonesia, particularly in Aceh. The talk sets the stage for further exploration of key terms and principles in Islamic criminal law, encouraging serious study on the topic.
Takeaways
- 📜 Introduction of the speaker, Muhammad Nurul Irfan, a lecturer in Sharia and Law at UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, specializing in Islamic Criminal Law.
- 🌍 The speaker greets the audience, particularly Islamic Criminal Law students and those studying Islamic Constitutional Law in Indonesia.
- 📚 The talk focuses on *Fiqh Jinayah* (Islamic Criminal Law), which is part of the broader Islamic legal system (*Sharia*).
- 🕌 Islamic teachings cover three core aspects: *Iman* (faith), *Islam* (religious practice or *Sharia*), and *Ihsan* (moral excellence or ethics).
- 📖 These three core aspects are studied through three disciplines: *Aqidah* (faith, studied in *Ilmu Tauhid*), *Fiqh* (Sharia or Islamic law), and *Tasawuf* (ethics, studied in *Ilmu Tasawuf*).
- ⚖️ *Fiqh* is defined as the knowledge of Sharia law derived from detailed evidence found in the Qur'an and Hadith.
- 🔍 *Fiqh* is categorized into six main areas: *Ibadah* (worship), *Muamalah* (transactions), *Munakahat* (marriage), *Jinayah* (crimes), *Siyasah* (politics), and *Mawarith* (inheritance).
- 🕵️♂️ *Fiqh Jinayah* is a subfield of *Fiqh* dealing with crimes and punishments, which includes terms like *Jinayah* (crime), *Jarimah* (offense), and *Uqubah* (punishment).
- 🇮🇩 The implementation of Islamic Criminal Law in Indonesia is limited, with most cases handled in religious courts focusing on personal law (*Ahwal Syahsiyah*), while Islamic criminal law is practiced only in some areas like Aceh.
- 🙏 The speaker concludes by encouraging deeper study of *Fiqh Jinayah* and wishes for continued success in understanding and applying Islamic law.
Q & A
Who is the speaker in the video?
-The speaker is Muhammad Nurul Irfan, a lecturer at the Faculty of Sharia and Law at UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta.
What is the primary topic discussed in the video?
-The primary topic is an introduction to Islamic criminal law (Fiqh Jinayah), which is part of Islamic jurisprudence (Sharia).
What are the three fundamental aspects of Islam mentioned in the hadith cited by the speaker?
-The three fundamental aspects are Iman (faith), Islam (the practice of Sharia), and Ihsan (moral excellence or ethics).
What are the main fields of study within Islamic knowledge, according to the speaker?
-The main fields are Aqidah (theology), Fiqh (Islamic jurisprudence), and Tasawuf (Islamic mysticism or ethics).
How does the speaker define Fiqh?
-Fiqh is defined as the knowledge of Sharia laws that are derived from detailed evidence, specifically from the Qur'an and Hadith.
What are the six major areas of Fiqh according to the speaker?
-The six major areas are Fiqh Ibadah (ritual worship), Fiqh Muamalah (transactions), Fiqh Munakahat (marriage), Fiqh Jinayah (criminal law), Fiqh Siyasah (politics), and Fiqh Mawaris (inheritance).
What is the specific focus of Fiqh Jinayah?
-Fiqh Jinayah focuses on Islamic criminal law, which deals with crimes and their corresponding punishments.
Why does the speaker say that Islamic criminal law is 'melangit' (lofty or idealistic) in Indonesia?
-The speaker says this because Islamic criminal law is not widely practiced in Indonesia, with limited application in areas like Aceh, which only implements certain aspects like 'Takzir' (discretionary punishments).
What is the role of Islamic courts in Indonesia according to the speaker?
-Islamic courts in Indonesia primarily handle civil matters, such as personal status and family law, rather than criminal cases.
What does the speaker intend to cover in future discussions on Fiqh Jinayah?
-The speaker plans to delve deeper into key concepts such as Jinayah (crimes), Jarimah (criminal acts), and Uqubah (punishments) to provide a comprehensive understanding of Islamic criminal law.
Outlines
📚 Introduction to Islamic Criminal Law
The speaker, Muhammad Nurul Irfan, introduces himself as a lecturer at the Faculty of Sharia and Law at UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, focusing on Islamic criminal law (Fiqh Jinayah). He highlights the foundational concepts of Islam: Iman (faith), Islam (Sharia), and Ihsan (morality), based on a Hadith narrated by Abdullah bin Umar. This Hadith emphasizes that Islamic teachings cover belief, law, and ethics. These principles are explored through different fields of study: Aqidah (creed), Fiqh (law), and Tasawwuf (spirituality). Islamic criminal law, as part of Fiqh, belongs to the broader field of Sharia, which encompasses six main areas: worship, transactions, marriage, punishments, governance, and inheritance.
⚖️ Scope and Significance of Islamic Criminal Law
Fiqh Jinayah is presented as one of the six branches of Fiqh, forming a key part of Islamic law (Sharia). The speaker explains that Islamic criminal law is not widely practiced in Indonesia, except in specific regions like Aceh. He emphasizes that Fiqh Jinayah covers significant concepts such as 'jinayah' (crime), 'jarimah' (offense), and 'uqubah' (punishment). These concepts will be explored in future discussions. The speaker notes that Islamic criminal law is often seen as 'melangit' (heavenly or not yet applied in practice) in Indonesia, where the legal system primarily addresses personal matters, leaving criminal law relatively underutilized.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Fikih Jinayah
💡Syariah
💡Iman
💡Ihsan
💡Fiqh
💡Hadith
💡Jarimah
💡Muamalah
💡Qur'an
💡Takzir
Highlights
Introduction to the speaker, Muhammad Nurul Irfan, a lecturer at the Faculty of Sharia and Law at UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta.
The speaker is known for writing books on Islamic Criminal Law (Fiqh Jinayah).
The lecture addresses Islamic teachings, which cover three fundamental aspects: Iman (faith), Islam (practice), and Ihsan (excellence in character).
Hadith from Imam Muslim explaining the visit of Angel Jibril to Prophet Muhammad, asking about the three fundamentals of faith.
Iman is related to belief, Islam is associated with Sharia (law), and Ihsan is linked to ethics or morality.
The explanation of three core sciences in Islam: Aqidah (theology), Fiqh (jurisprudence), and Tasawuf (mysticism).
Islamic Criminal Law (Fiqh Jinayah) is a part of Sharia and one of the six main fields of Fiqh.
Definition of Fiqh: the understanding of Sharia laws derived from the Qur'an and Hadith.
Fiqh is categorized into six major areas: Ibadah (worship), Muamalah (transactions), Munakahat (marriage), Jinayah (criminal law), Siyasah (politics), and Mawaris (inheritance).
Fiqh Jinayah focuses on criminal law within Islamic jurisprudence.
Discussion on the current application of Islamic Criminal Law in Indonesia, where it is not widely practiced, except for limited applications in Aceh.
The lecture also introduces key terms in Islamic Criminal Law such as Jinayah, Jarimah (crime), and Uqubah (punishment).
The speaker emphasizes the need to study Fiqh Jinayah seriously, especially for students in Islamic Criminal Law programs.
The lecture highlights that Islamic courts in Indonesia mostly handle personal law (Ahwal al-Syakhsiyah) and rarely address criminal law.
Closing statement with hopes that the introduction to Fiqh Jinayah will be beneficial for the listeners.
Transcripts
Hai Mungkinkah menurunkan tampil tanpa
engkau kenapa warga Dharma
Assalamualaikum warohmatullohi
wabarokatuh Bismillah Alhamdulillah
shalatu was salamu ala rasulillah
Sayyidina wamaulana Muhammad Ibni
Abdillah wa ala alihi wa ashabihi owalah
ammabadu Para pendengar para pemirsa
kamus lebih muslimat yarhamukum loh
wakil khusus kepada para mahasiswa
dimanapun anda berada khususnya pada
prodi-prodi hukum pidana Islam atau tata
negara Islam diseluruh Indonesia di
kalangan eh pt.kyb
di perguruan tinggi keagamaan Islam
Perkenalkan nama saya Muhammad Nurul
Irfan salah seorang pengajar di fakultas
syariah dan hukum UIN Syarif
Hidayatullah Jakarta yang cukup banyak
menulis buku-buku hukum pidana Islam
atau fikih jinayah Pada kesempatan kali
ini Izinkan saya akan memberi pengantar
terkait dengan fikih jinayah atau hukum
pidana Islam kita tahu persis bahwa
ajaran agama Islam itu meliputi tiga
aspek pokok yaitu iman Islam dan ihsan
atas dasar satu hadits riwayat Imam
muslim melalui Abdulloh bin Umar yang
menyebutkan mengenai Malaikat Jibril
datang kepada Rasulullah Valencia
salam dengan mempertanyakan atau menanya
soal tiga Hal mendasar di atas yaitu
iman Islam dan ihsan pada saat terakhir
eh Malaikat Jibril ini bertanya kepada
nabi atau penjelasan Rosulullah terkait
dengan hadits ini beliau mengatakan gua
jibrilu atakum ygum dinakum tadi adalah
malaikat jibril yang menjelma seseorang
yang berwajah ganteng rambutnya Ikal
rample pakaiannya serba putih dan lebih
mengatakan dia adalah malaikat jibril
yang mendatangi kalian Eh mengajari
ajaran agama kalian yuallimu hukum
dinakum mengajari kalian prinsip-prinsip
ajaran agama yaitu ada iman Islam dan
ihsan Iman = a
tidak Islam sama dengan syariah dan di
Hasan sama dengan akhlak jadi ada akidah
Syariah akhlak ketiga Hal mendasar ini
dipelajari melalui tiga disiplin ilmu
yang sangat mendasar yaitu terkait
aqidah ilmu yang mempelajarinya disebut
dengan ilmu tauhid ilmu tentang Syariah
ilmu yang mempelajari soal shariah dan
ke soal keislaman ini adalah ilmu fiqih
dan ilmu yang mempelajari soal Ihsan
atau soal eh akhlak adalah ilmu tasawuf
dari sini ilmu aqidah atau ilmu tauhid
lalu ilmu fiqih dan ilmu tasawuf
Hai hukum pidana Islam atau fikih
jinayah itu bagian dari Islam atau
bagian dari Syariah atau tepatnya
merupakan salah satu dari enam bidang
fiqih Jadi kalau fiqih itu sendiri
definisinya adalah alghoul urutan Aufa
mu secara etimologis fiqih artinya paham
selalu secara terminologis fiqih adalah
ilmu bilah ramisya Rohayati al-musthafa
mbapoh bin Abdillah DH tafshiliyah ilmu
tentang hukum-hukum Syariah yang digali
yang disimpulkan dari dalil-dalil yang
tafsir dari dalil-dalil yang terperinci
yaitu al-qur'an dan Hadist itu dalil
video itu
hadits dan ini adalah definisi fiqih
lalu fiqih itu oleh para ulama
Hai the dibagi dalam enam fiqih besar
pertama fiqih ibadah
Hai yang kedua fiqih muamalah yang
ketiga fiqih munakahat yang keempat bike
Senayan yang ke yang kelima fiqih
siyasah dan yang keenam adalah figur
mawaris atau fiqih tentang kewarisan
dengan demikian maka fiqih jinayah itu
adalah bagian dari ilmu Syariah atau
bagian dari disiplin mentang shariah dan
ilmunya adalah ilmu fiqih Lalu ada
diantara bagian yaitu fiqih jinayah
inilah kemudian yang perlu kita dalami
ke para mahasiswa Para pendengar
dimanapun anda berada bahwa fiqih
jinayah itu bagian dari enam fiqih yang
telah diuraikan diatas dan karenanya
lebih lanjut kita
terus mempelajari secara seksama secara
serius mengenai fiqih jinayah nanti akan
ada istilah jinayah akan ada istilah
jarimah mokuba dan lain sebagainya ini
kita akan pelajari dengan baik tapi
berperantara ini harus disampaikan
supaya kita lurus pemahamannya terkait
dengan soal hukum pidana Islam hukum
pidana Islam itu dengan hukum yang masih
sementara ini melangit ya Kenapa
melangit karena Emang tidak dipraktekkan
di Indonesia ini ya Pengadilan Agama
Kita ini ranahnya hanya soal hukum
perdata atau ahwalus syahsiyah sehingga
hukum pidana relatif kecil sedikit
dipraktikkannya khususnya di Nanggroe
Aceh Darussalam itupun hanya Bagian
kecil dari takzib
nanti akan kita Uraikan mengenai efisien
ayah lalu ruang lingkup pembahasan
pembahasan fiqih jinayah terkaot ke
terkait hal-hal yang mendasar soal Fiqih
jinayah dan Nanti insya Allah kita akan
dalami mudah-mudahan pengantar singkat
bermanfaat wallahul muwaffiq Ila aqwamit
Thariq Wassalamualaikum warohmatullohi
wabarokatuh
[Musik]
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