Contemporary Global Governance | D11A (Group 4)

Summary

The video script discusses global governance, focusing on its institutions like the UN, ICC, and World Bank. It explains the UN's formation post-WWII, its purposes, principles, and principal organs. It also highlights the UN's role in maintaining peace, promoting human rights, and addressing global issues like poverty and climate change, emphasizing the need for effective global cooperation.

Takeaways

• 🌐 Global governance is a movement that coordinates diverse actors to address global issues and provide public goods like peace, security, and functioning markets.
• 🏛️ The United Nations (UN), founded in 1945, is an intergovernmental organization that aims to maintain international peace and security, promote friendly relations among nations, and encourage social progress and human rights.
• 👨‍⚖️ The International Criminal Court (ICC) investigates and tries individuals charged with the most serious crimes of concern to the international community, including genocide and war crimes.
• 🏦 The World Bank is a major source of funding and knowledge for developing countries, focusing on reducing poverty, increasing shared prosperity, and promoting sustainable development.
• 📜 Global governance can be defined as the process of creating laws, rules, and regulations for a global scale, managing global processes without a global government, and forming international consensus on guidelines and agreements.
• 🌍 The UN was formed in response to the failures of the League of Nations and the devastation of World War II, with the aim of preventing future conflicts.
• 🔄 The purposes of the UN include maintaining international peace and security, developing friendly relations among nations, achieving cooperation on international issues, promoting human rights, and serving as a center for harmonizing national actions.
• 🌟 The UN operates on five basic principles: sovereign equality of all member states, prohibition of the use of force, fulfilling obligations in good faith, ensuring non-members act in accordance with the charter, and non-intervention in domestic jurisdiction except to enforce peace.
• 🏢 The principal organs of the UN include the General Assembly, Security Council, Economic and Social Council, Trusteeship Council, International Court of Justice, and the Secretariat.
• 🔑 The General Assembly is central to the UN, making key decisions on international peace and security, development, human rights, and international law.
• 🛡️ The Security Council plays a leading role in determining threats to peace and can impose sanctions or authorize the use of force to maintain international peace and security.

Q & A

What is the primary goal of global governance?

The primary goal of global governance is to address gaps in the international system for managing complex issues and to engage stakeholders on practical steps for collective problem-solving.

What are the three main institutions under global governance mentioned in the script?

The three main institutions under global governance mentioned in the script are the United Nations (UN), the International Criminal Court (ICC), and the World Bank.

What was the main goal of the League of Nations?

The main goal of the League of Nations was to create world peace.

What was the Atlantic Charter and why was it significant?

The Atlantic Charter was a joint declaration by the United States and the United Kingdom, which outlined idealistic goals for the world after World War II. It was significant as it laid the groundwork for the principles that would later be embodied in the United Nations.

How many countries signed the Declaration by United Nations during the Arcadia Conference?

Initially, 26 different countries signed the Declaration by United Nations during the Arcadia Conference.

What were the key outcomes of the Dumbarton Oaks Conference?

The Dumbarton Oaks Conference resulted in proposals for a world organization that became the basis for the United Nations. However, it did not provide a complete blueprint, as it failed to agree on crucial questions such as the voting system of the proposed Security Council.

What did the Yalta Conference resolve that the Dumbarton Oaks Conference had not?

The Yalta Conference resolved issues regarding the voting system of the proposed Security Council and the membership provisions for the constituent republic of the Soviet Union, which were not agreed upon in the Dumbarton Oaks Conference.

What are the five purposes of the United Nations?

The five purposes of the United Nations are: 1) To maintain international peace and security, 2) To develop friendly relations among nations, 3) To achieve cooperation in solving international economic, social, cultural, and humanitarian problems, 4) To promote and encourage respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms for all, and 5) To be a center for harmonizing the actions of nations in achieving these ends.

What are the five basic principles underlying the United Nations?

The five basic principles underlying the United Nations are: 1) Sovereign equality of all member states, 2) No member shall use force or threaten force against the territory or political independence of any state, 3) All member states pledge to fulfill their obligations under the Charter in good faith, 4) The UN shall ensure that non-members act in accordance with the principles of the Charter, and 5) The UN shall not intervene in matters which are essentially within the domestic jurisdiction of any state.

What are the six principal organs of the United Nations?

The six principal organs of the United Nations are: 1) The General Assembly, 2) The Security Council, 3) The Economic and Social Council, 4) The Trusteeship Council, 5) The International Court of Justice, and 6) The Secretariat.

What is the role of the International Court of Justice within the United Nations?

The International Court of Justice settles legal disputes submitted to it by states in accordance with international law and gives advisory opinions on legal questions referred to it by authorized United Nations organs and specialized agencies.