Extensive vs Intensive Properties of Matter - Explained
Summary
TLDREl Sr. Millington explica las diferencias entre las propiedades intensivas y extensivas de la materia. Las propiedades intensivas, como el punto de ebullición, la densidad y la flammabilidad, no dependen de la cantidad de materia presente. Mientras que las propiedades extensivas, como el volumen, la masa y la longitud, sí dependen de la cantidad. A través de ejemplos claros como el agua y el cobre, Millington aclara cómo identificar ambos tipos de propiedades. Concluye invitando a los espectadores a suscribirse y comentar si el video les resultó útil.
Takeaways
- 📘 Las propiedades intensivas son aquellas que no dependen de la cantidad de materia presente.
- 💧 El punto de ebullición del agua es de 100 grados Celsius, sin importar la cantidad de agua que se tenga.
- ⚖️ La densidad es una propiedad intensiva, ya que el agua siempre tiene una densidad de 1 gramo por mililitro, independientemente de la cantidad.
- 💎 La dureza de un material como el diamante es una propiedad intensiva, sin importar el tamaño del diamante.
- 🔥 La inflamabilidad, como la de la gasolina, es una propiedad intensiva, ya que siempre es inflamable, independientemente de la cantidad.
- 🧪 Las propiedades extensivas dependen de la cantidad de materia presente, como el volumen o la masa.
- 📏 El volumen, la masa, la longitud y el peso son ejemplos de propiedades extensivas que varían según la cantidad de materia.
- 🌡️ El punto de ebullición, punto de fusión y punto de congelación son propiedades intensivas que no cambian con la cantidad de materia.
- 🚫 Las propiedades intensivas incluyen la corrosividad, como la del ácido de batería, que es igual independientemente de la cantidad.
- ✅ En resumen, las propiedades intensivas no dependen de la cantidad de materia, mientras que las propiedades extensivas sí.
Q & A
¿Qué son las propiedades intensivas de la materia?
-Las propiedades intensivas son aquellas que no dependen de la cantidad de materia presente. Ejemplos incluyen el punto de ebullición, densidad, color y dureza.
¿Por qué el punto de ebullición es una propiedad intensiva?
-El punto de ebullición es una propiedad intensiva porque no cambia según la cantidad de sustancia que haya. El agua hierve a 100°C tanto si hay mucha como poca cantidad de agua.
¿Qué ejemplo da el video para explicar la densidad como propiedad intensiva?
-El video explica que la densidad del agua es 1 gramo por mililitro, sin importar si tienes mucha o poca cantidad de agua.
¿Qué ejemplos de propiedades intensivas se mencionan en el video?
-Se mencionan el punto de ebullición, la densidad, la dureza, el color, la inflamabilidad, la combustibilidad y la corrosividad como ejemplos de propiedades intensivas.
¿Qué son las propiedades extensivas de la materia?
-Las propiedades extensivas dependen de la cantidad de materia presente. Ejemplos incluyen el volumen, la masa, la longitud y el peso.
¿Por qué el volumen es una propiedad extensiva?
-El volumen es una propiedad extensiva porque depende de la cantidad de sustancia que hay. A mayor cantidad de agua, mayor será el volumen.
¿Cómo se diferencia la masa como propiedad extensiva?
-La masa es una propiedad extensiva porque depende de cuánta cantidad de materia tengas. Más materia implica mayor masa.
¿Qué ejemplos de propiedades extensivas se mencionan en el video?
-El video menciona el volumen, la masa, la longitud y el peso como ejemplos de propiedades extensivas.
¿La inflamabilidad es una propiedad intensiva o extensiva? ¿Por qué?
-La inflamabilidad es una propiedad intensiva porque no depende de la cantidad de sustancia; por ejemplo, la gasolina es inflamable tanto si tienes mucha como poca cantidad.
¿Qué ejemplos del mundo real da el video para ilustrar las propiedades intensivas?
-El video menciona el punto de ebullición del agua, la densidad del agua, la dureza del diamante, la inflamabilidad de la gasolina y la corrosividad del ácido de batería como ejemplos de propiedades intensivas.
Outlines
🧪 Propiedades intensivas del agua
En este párrafo, el profesor Millington introduce el concepto de propiedades intensivas de la materia, que no dependen de la cantidad de sustancia presente. Utiliza el ejemplo del punto de ebullición del agua para explicar que, sin importar si hay mucha o poca agua, su punto de ebullición sigue siendo 100 grados Celsius. Otros ejemplos de propiedades intensivas incluyen la densidad (1 g/mL para el agua), la dureza, el color, la inflamabilidad y la corrosividad, que se mantienen constantes independientemente de la cantidad de la sustancia.
📏 Propiedades extensivas del agua
En este segundo párrafo, se describen las propiedades extensivas, que sí dependen de la cantidad de materia. Ejemplos dados incluyen el volumen, la masa, la longitud y el peso, que varían según la cantidad de la sustancia. Se subraya cómo, a diferencia de las propiedades intensivas, estas propiedades cambian cuando cambia la cantidad de materia.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Propiedades intensivas
💡Propiedades extensivas
💡Punto de ebullición
💡Densidad
💡Masa
💡Volumen
💡Punto de congelación
💡Dureza
💡Inflamabilidad
💡Corrosividad
Highlights
Introduction to intensive and extensive properties of matter.
Intensive properties do not depend on the amount of matter present.
Boiling point is an example of an intensive property: the boiling point of water is 100°C, regardless of the amount.
Other examples of intensive properties include freezing point, melting point, condensation point, and density.
The density of water remains 1 gram per milliliter, regardless of the volume.
Hardness is an intensive property: a large diamond and a small diamond have the same hardness.
Properties like flammability, combustibility, and corrosiveness are also intensive properties.
Extensive properties depend on the amount of matter present, such as volume, mass, and length.
The volume of water is an extensive property because it changes with the amount of water.
Mass and weight are extensive properties as they depend on the amount of substance.
Length of a substance also changes depending on how much of it is present, making it an extensive property.
Volume, mass, and length are summarized as extensive properties of matter.
Density, flammability, corrosiveness, and boiling point are summarized as intensive properties of matter.
Key distinction: extensive properties depend on the amount of matter, while intensive properties do not.
Final summary of how to differentiate between intensive and extensive properties.
Transcripts
hey you guys this is mr. Millington
today we're going to learn about
intensive versus extensive properties of
matters so let's take a look here at
what intensive properties are it says
that intensive properties are properties
of a substance that do not depend on the
amount of matter present so what does
that mean well let's suppose we have a
beaker here and this beaker is filled
with a lot of water and we have a beaker
here and this beaker right here is not
filled with very much water at all and
our to ask you hey what is the boiling
point of this water if I ask you what
the boiling point of beaker one's water
is you might say it's a hundred degrees
Celsius right and if I ask you what the
boiling point of beaker twos water is
you might also say that it's 100 degrees
Celsius that is because things like
boiling point are intensive properties
of matter it doesn't matter how much
substance you have the boiling point of
water is going to be the same whether
you have a lot or just a little bit the
boiling point of water is going to be a
hundred degrees Celsius right so things
like boiling point freezing point
melting point and condensation point all
these are examples of intensive
properties properties of a substance
that do not depend on the amount of
matter present if I were to ask you hey
what is the density of this water right
here in beaker one you might tell me
that the density of the water and beaker
one is one gram per mil one gram per
milliliter and if I were to ask you what
the density of the water and beaker two
is you might also tell me that it's also
one gram per milliliter so it really
doesn't matter how much water you have
the density of water is going to be one
gram per milliliter whether you have a
lot of it or just a little bit that is
because density is an intensive property
of matter a property that doesn't depend
on the amount of a matter present what
about hardness in earth science you
learned about the hardness scale in
regard to different minerals and you
learned that diamond is the hardest
mineral there is right and so it doesn't
matter how much diamonds you have
whether you have a big diamond or little
diamonds they both have the same
hardness to them things like color also
is an intense
property things like flammability or
combust ability or corrosiveness these
are also intensive properties for
example if you have a lot of gasoline
it's going to be equally as flammable as
if you have just a little quantity of
gasoline for example oxygen is
combustible regardless of whether you
have a lot or a little bit it's going to
be combustible and last but not least
battery acid is going to be corrosive
regardless of whether you have a lot of
matter e acid or a little bit of battery
acid that too is going to be corrosive
okay so intensive properties once again
are properties of a substance that do
not depend on the amount of matter
present let's now take a look at
extensive properties and see how they
work okay so extensive properties of
matter are properties of a substance
that do depend on the amount of matter
present for example if I were to ask you
hey what is the volume of water you
might say to me well it depends on how
much water you have that is because
volume is an extensive property of
matter if I were to ask hey what is the
mass of copper you might say well it
really depends on how much copper you
have that is because mass is an
extensive property of matter if I said
hey what is the length of copper or a
copper bar you might say well it depends
on how big the copper bar is it depends
on how much you have and last but not
least if I were to say hey what is the
weight of this copper here you might say
or of copper in general you might say it
depends on how much copper you have so
things like volume mass length and
weight are going to be extensive
properties of matter properties of a
substance that depend on the amount of
matter present so let's take a look at a
few examples and determine whether or
not they are intensive or extensive
properties of matter okay just to
summarize here we're just going to work
through a few example properly
properties of matter and determine
whether or not they're extensive or
intensive so volume if we take a look
volume if I said hey what is the volume
of water like we just said it's going to
depend on how much you have so that's
going to be an extensive property of
matter volume is extensive so is mass
it's going to depend on how much you
have so that two will be an extensive
property of matter what about density
the density of water is always one gram
per milliliter
no matter how much you have so that is
going to be an intensive property
what about flammability once again
gasoline is flammable regardless of how
much you have so that's going to be
intensive corrosive same thing doesn't
matter how much you have that's going to
be in an intensive property as well
whoops I misspelled that no big deal is
cross that out an intensive property as
well what about boiling point
well boiling point water boils at 100
degrees Celsius at sea level regardless
of how much you have so that too is
going to be intensive combust ability if
we take a look at combust ability oxygen
is combustible regardless of how much
you have doesn't matter how much you
have so it's going to be intensive
freezing point same thing and melting
point doesn't matter how much you have
they're going to freeze and boil at the
same temperature so that is going to be
intensive as well okay so most of these
are going to be intensive properties of
matter doesn't matter how much you have
okay so that that's an explanation of
intensive and extensive properties and
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