Who Created 'Nothing' Our Universe Formed From
Summary
TLDRThe video script delves into the mysteries of the universe's origin, highlighting Edwin Hubble's pivotal role in discovering the universe's expansion, leading to the Big Bang Theory. It introduces Alan Guth's Inflation Theory, explaining the even distribution of matter post-Big Bang. The script also explores Martin Bojowald's cyclic model of universes, suggesting our universe is part of an endless cycle. Lastly, it mentions Neil Turok and Paul Steinhardt's theory of branes and cyclic universes, proposing our universe is one of many in a multiverse, with Big Bangs resulting from brane collisions. The script concludes by acknowledging the ongoing search for answers and the possibility that our understanding of the universe's birth may evolve.
Takeaways
- 🔭 Edwin Hubble's observations revealed that galaxies are moving away from each other, indicating an expanding universe.
- 💥 The Big Bang Theory postulates that the universe began from a singularity, a hot and dense state, and has been expanding ever since.
- 🌌 The Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation is evidence of the early, hot universe cooling down over time.
- 🌀 Alan Guth's inflation theory suggests a rapid expansion of the universe shortly after the Big Bang, explaining the uniform distribution of matter.
- 🔄 Martin Bojowald proposes that our universe is part of a cyclical process, with each universe's beginning being the end of the previous one.
- 🌐 The concept of a multiverse suggests that our universe is one of many, possibly existing in a higher-dimensional space.
- 🌐 Neil Turok and Paul Steinhardt's theory of brane collisions in a higher-dimensional space could explain the origins of our universe.
- 🔬 String theory and M-theory are the theoretical frameworks that underpin the idea of brane collisions and the multiverse.
- 🤔 Despite the various theories, there is no consensus on the exact nature of the universe's origin, and much remains a mystery.
- 🔍 The pursuit of understanding the universe's origin involves challenging established beliefs and pushing the boundaries of human knowledge.
Q & A
What significant discovery did Edwin Hubble make about the universe?
-Edwin Hubble discovered that the universe is expanding, which suggested that it must have had a beginning.
What is the Big Bang Theory and how does it explain the origin of the universe?
-The Big Bang Theory posits that the universe began as an infinitely small, dense, and hot point known as a singularity, which expanded in an outburst of energy and matter, creating everything we see now.
What was Alan Guth's contribution to the understanding of the universe's origin?
-Alan Guth proposed the theory of inflation, suggesting that there was a force before the Big Bang that accelerated its expansion, distributing matter evenly and instantly in space.
How does the distribution of matter in the universe relate to the Big Bang Theory?
-According to the Big Bang Theory, the distribution of matter should be uneven, but Guth's inflation theory explains why it appears even and proportional.
What is the concept of Cosmic Singularity?
-Cosmic Singularity refers to the state of the universe before the Big Bang, where it was infinitely small, dense, and hot.
What is Martin Bojowald's view on the origin of the universe?
-Martin Bojowald suggests that the universe was not born from a singularity out of nowhere but is part of a cyclical process where each universe's beginning is the end of the previous one.
What is the concept of quantum time as opposed to classical time?
-Quantum time is not continuous like classical time; it is composed of small segments with short pauses, similar to the second hand of a clock.
What is the cyclic model of the universe proposed by Bojowald?
-Bojowald's cyclic model suggests that our universe is not the first and not the last, with millions of similar universes existing before and after us in a cycle of rebirths.
What is the ekpyrotic model of the universe proposed by Neil Turok and Paul Steinhardt?
-The ekpyrotic model proposes that our universe is one of an infinite number of parallel universes, all located within a 'brane' or membrane, and that they originate through brane collisions.
How do brane collisions relate to the creation of universes according to Turok and Steinhardt?
-In the ekpyrotic model, brane collisions create two big bangs and two parallel universes, which then move away from each other, continuing their existence until they collide again, creating new universes.
What are the implications of the ekpyrotic model for the understanding of dark energy?
-The ekpyrotic model suggests that the mysterious energy that accelerated the Big Bang could be explained by the collision of our universe with another, providing a potential explanation for dark energy.
Outlines
🌌 The Birth of the Universe and the Big Bang Theory
This paragraph discusses the origins of the universe, starting with the pivotal contributions of Edwin Hubble. Hubble's observations from Mount Wilson in California revealed that distant gas clouds were actually other galaxies, suggesting the universe is vast and expanding. This expansion implied a beginning, leading to the development of the Big Bang Theory. The theory describes the universe's birth from a singularity, an infinitely small, dense, and hot state that eventually exploded, creating time, space, and matter. The paragraph also touches on the formation of cosmic particles and the evolution into stars and galaxies approximately 12 to 14 billion years ago.
🔍 Theories Beyond the Big Bang
The second paragraph delves into alternative theories to the Big Bang. Alan Guth's inflation theory addresses inconsistencies in the distribution of matter post-Big Bang, proposing a force that evenly distributed matter in space before the explosion. Martin Bojowald's theory suggests that the universe's birth and death are cyclical, with our universe being neither the first nor the last. Neil Turok and Paul Steinhardt propose that our universe is one of many, existing within a 'brane' or membrane, and that universes are born from collisions between these branes. These theories, while complex and not yet proven, challenge our understanding of the cosmos and its origins.
🌟 Exploring the Unknown
The final paragraph serves as a call to action, encouraging viewers to like and share the video if it has satisfied their curiosity. It also invites viewers to explore more content by clicking on recommended videos, staying on the 'bright side' of knowledge and discovery. This paragraph acts as a conclusion, summarizing the journey through cosmic theories and the ongoing quest for understanding the universe's mysteries.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Universe
💡Edwin Hubble
💡Big Bang Theory
💡Cosmic Singularity
💡Inflation
💡Quantum Time
💡Cyclic Universe Theory
💡String Theory
💡M-Theory
💡Multiverse
💡Cosmological Constant
Highlights
Edwin Hubble discovered that galaxies are moving away from each other, implying the universe is expanding.
The Big Bang Theory suggests the universe began from a singularity, a small, dense, and hot state.
Alan Guth proposed the Inflation Theory to explain the even distribution of matter in the universe.
Inflation Theory posits a force that accelerated the Big Bang, distributing matter evenly and instantly.
Martin Bojowald suggests that our universe is not the first and that there have been countless others.
Bojowald's theory implies a cyclical universe where each Big Bang is the end of the previous universe.
Neil Turok and Paul Steinhardt propose a multiverse theory where our universe is part of a cycle of rebirths.
The multiverse theory suggests our universe is located inside a brane, a kind of elastic surface.
Universes in this theory can collide, creating two Big Bangs and two parallel universes.
The idea of brane collisions could explain the mysterious energy that accelerated the Big Bang.
The multiverse theory is based on string theory and M Theory, which are central to quantum mechanics.
Turok and Steinhardt's theory requires thinking in 11 dimensions, challenging the limits of the human mind.
The struggle and fear of change are barriers to accepting new scientific theories, such as the Earth being round or the Big Bang.
Currently, there is no evidence to definitively support any of the three major theories about the universe's origin.
The search for the truth about the universe's origin is ongoing, with the hope of finding definitive evidence in the future.
Theories about the universe's origin are crucial for understanding our existence and the nature of reality.
The video encourages viewers to like and share if they found the content satisfying and to explore more videos for further insights.
Transcripts
how was our universe born and if this
seems hard to answer then how about this
what was before our
universe while scientists are looking
for the answer to the most difficult
question in history let's find out what
they've come up with so
far in the 20th century we've shed the
light on this mystery all thanks to this
man Edwin Hubble
one day on Mount Wilson in Southern
California he aimed his telescope at the
sky and found out that these random
clouds of gas flying everywhere are
actually other galaxies and there are a
lot of them and also he learned
something else something that changed
the world forever they're
moving so what you may ask well it meant
one very important thing the universe is
expanding and if it's expanding then it
probably had a beginning somewhere right
now all we have to do is run time
backwards and see where the beginning
was it took the scientists many more
years to come up with a full-fledged
Theory The Big Bang Theory and here it
is nothing has ever been anywhere
because neither when nor where existed
do you get it but actually no there was
one thing it was the so-called CA mic
Singularity a state of our universe in
which it was incredibly small dense and
very hot imagine if our universe was
compressed into a small
ball the pressure and temperature inside
would be enormous at some point it
became impossible to withstand them and
here comes the Big Bang it was an
outburst of energy and matter that
created everything we see now time and
space
basic physical forces it also scattered
quirks
everywhere these corks tiny particles
that make up our world were all boiling
in an incredibly hot Cosmic
broth when it cooled down gravity began
to attract them to each other they
gathered into atoms then molecules and
then into the first objects into the
world stars and all this happened just
some 12 to 14 billion years ago
all right now we know how our universe
was created but what was before
that Alan Harvey Guth an American
theoretical physicist and cosmologist
has devoted his whole life to solving
this mystery after learning about the
Big Bang Theory Guth found some flaws in
it for example the distribution of
matter was very even although it
shouldn't have
been let's hang a balloon filled with
paint to the ceiling and lay a white
canvas on the floor if we drop the
balloon down it will burst and we'll see
absolute Chaos on the canvas a bunch of
spots scattered everywhere randomly
neither is like the
other but that's not really what the
universe looked like instead of throwing
a colored ball from the ceiling let's
draw a small red dot on the
canvas now let's expand it a little more
and more and capture this all on frame
by frame shooting we'll see a circle
gradually growing in all
directions that's the reality the early
Universe was very even and proportional
that was guth's Discovery the theory of
inflation here's what it says even
before the Big Bang there was some kind
of force that could give the bang a
strong acceleration something that was
able to distribute everything in space
instantly and evenly
guth's theory was a success and now most
scientists rely on it for most of them
this idea of the birth of the universe
is quite enough for most but not for
all Martin bojowald is a German
professor of physics and in his opinion
the universe was born quite differently
remember when we talked about Cosmic
Singularity the state of the universe in
which it was small infinitely dense and
super hot according according to
Martin's Theory The Singularity couldn't
just appear out of nowhere this is
nonsense but then where did it come
from let's look at a pendulum on an old
clock the pendulum rotates back and
forth its movement is smooth continuous
and non-stop this is how we usually see
time it flows and never
stops but Quantum time ho ho Quantum
time doesn't work that way it's more
like the second hand of a clock
it consists of small segments and makes
short pauses and just like with the
second hand of a clock the beginning of
one segment of time is always the end of
another see what I'm getting at let's go
back to balloons again according to the
Big Bang Theory Once Upon a Time our
universe began to expand inflate like a
balloon but sooner or later it will blow
away back the universe will start
shrinking and return to the state of
Cosmic
Singularity and then guess what the big
bang too nothing appears out of nowhere
and disappears into nowhere according to
boj wald's Theory the beginning of each
universe is the end of the previous one
our universe is not at all the first and
not the last millions of similar
universes existed before us and will
exist after
us this Theory although it sounds very
logical is far far from complete
unfortunately we don't have enough
knowledge to find all the evidence for
it so for now all this is just a
hypothesis but some people come up with
even stranger ideas scientists promote
such unusual theories that no one could
even think
of Neil Turk a South African physicist
and his colleague Paul steinhardt an
American theoretical physicist look for
answers far beyond our
universe they say that yes our universe
isn't the first one there have been and
will be an infinite number of them and
not only will there be endless Big Bangs
our universe is just one of an infinite
number of others and all of us are stuck
in a cycle of endless rebirths of
parallel worlds this sounds incredible
and frightening at the same time but how
does it
work according to this Theory our
universe is located inside a so-called
brain as in membrane in other words
we're stuck in some kind of elastic
surface that's capable of Contracting
stretching oscillating and so on like
pieces of fabric on a rope these
parallel universes are located near each
other each one has a neighbor we're not
the
exception another universe may be an
inch from ours but we can't see it
that's because there's a tiny space
between us and this tiny space contains
the fourth dimension
how do these universes originate through
brain Collision these brains are getting
closer to each other very very slowly
until one day they finally Collide their
Collision creates two big bangs and two
parallel
universes then they're moving away from
each other the created worlds continue
to live we're currently at this stage
but when they disappear the brains
Collide again and this will lead to the
birth of a new
universe remember the inflation Theory
there was a mysterious energy that
pushed and accelerated the Big Bang well
if we did Collide With Another Universe
that would explain
everything of course everything
described here is a great simplification
when you hear that our world is some
piece of fabric on a rob it sounds like
complete nonsense but this idea is based
on string theory and M Theory two giants
of quantum mechanics if they turn note
to be true they could explain almost
everything in our
universe creating a theory is an
incredibly huge process Turk and
steinhardt made a huge amount of
calculations and swept away many many
non-working
theories also to work this out they have
to overcome the limits of the human mind
and think in 11 Dimensions at once
unfortunately this crazy and elegant
idea was laughed at
turro and steinhardt say that scientists
are regular people just like everyone
else they're also afraid of change and
the unknown and it's really scary to
question everything we once believed in
many years ago people didn't believe
that the Earth was round then they were
outraged by The Big Bang Theory we can't
make discoveries without struggle and
fear that's why Turk and steinhardt
don't plan to give up so easily after
all the evidence that we have now only
says that each of the three theories is
equally possible so which answer is
correct we may never know at least not
at this stage of human development
unfortunately as long as we have no
evidence we can only theorize but maybe
one day we'll find something that will
open our eyes once and for all maybe one
day we'll solve the mystery of how our
universe came to be
that's it for today so hey if you
pacified your curiosity then give the
video a like and share it with your
friends or if you want more just click
on these videos and stay on the bright
side
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