Dr Asha Anand - Energy resources

Summary

In this session, Asha Anand from Christ University’s Department of Life Sciences discusses non-renewable energy resources, explaining their types, examples, and pros and cons. The session covers fossil fuels like coal, oil, and natural gas, as well as nuclear energy, highlighting their formation, uses, and environmental impact. While these energy sources are abundant and high in energy density, they contribute to pollution, climate change, and health risks. The speaker concludes by emphasizing the importance of mindful use due to the finite nature of non-renewable resources.

Takeaways

• 🔬 Energy is defined as the capacity of a system to perform work.
• 🌿 Energy resources are natural resources of power that can be converted into usable forms like electricity and heat.
• ♻️ Energy resources are classified into nonrenewable and renewable based on their origin and availability.
• 🚫 Non-renewable energy resources are finite and cannot be replenished quickly, including fossil fuels and nuclear energy.
• 🌋 Coal, a combustible sedimentary rock, is used for heat and electricity generation and is a type of fossil fuel.
• 🛢️ Oil, or petroleum, is a liquid fossil fuel used for transportation, heating, and electricity, and as a raw material for chemicals.
• 💨 Natural gas, primarily methane, is used for heat, electricity, and as vehicle fuel, and is another type of fossil fuel.
• ⚛️ Nuclear energy is non-renewable and involves processes like nuclear fission and fusion to release energy.
• 🌐 Nuclear fission uses elements like uranium and plutonium, while fusion involves combining lighter nuclei like deuterium and tritium.
• 🌳 Non-renewable resources are advantageous due to their high energy density, making them easy to store and transport.
• 🚫 The disadvantages include the release of toxic compounds causing pollution, contributing to climate change, and adverse health effects.

Q & A

What is the definition of energy according to the script?

Energy is defined as the capacity of a system to perform work.

How are energy resources classified based on their origin and availability?

Energy resources are classified as nonrenewable energy resources and renewable energy resources based on their origin and availability.

What is the difference between non-renewable and renewable energy resources?

Non-renewable energy resources are finite and cannot be generated within a short period of time, while renewable energy resources are replenishable.

Why are non-renewable energy resources also called conventional energy resources?

Non-renewable energy resources are called conventional because they are traditional sources of energy and have been widely used for many years.

What are the main categories of fossil fuels mentioned in the script?

The main categories of fossil fuels mentioned are coal, oil or petroleum, and natural gas.

What is the primary chemical composition of coal?

The primary chemical composition of coal is carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and some amount of sulfur.

How is oil, or petroleum, formed according to the script?

Oil, or petroleum, is formed from dead planktons buried under layers of sand at the bottom of the sea.

What is the main component of natural gas?

The main component of natural gas is methane.

What are the two categories of nuclear energy mentioned in the script?

The two categories of nuclear energy mentioned are nuclear fission and nuclear fusion.

What are the advantages of non-renewable energy resources as discussed in the script?

The advantages of non-renewable energy resources are that they are easily accessible and extractable, and they have high energy density, making them easy to store and transport.

What are the disadvantages of using non-renewable energy resources according to the script?

The disadvantages include the release of highly toxic compounds or gases, contributing to environmental pollution, climate change, and harmful health impacts such as respiratory diseases and cardiovascular problems.

Outlines

00:00

🌱 Introduction to Non-Renewable Energy Resources

Asha Anand, from the Department of Life Sciences at Christ University, introduces the topic of non-renewable energy resources. She defines energy as the capacity of a system to perform work and describes energy resources as natural sources that can be converted into usable energy, such as electricity and heat. Energy resources are classified into two categories: non-renewable and renewable. Non-renewable energy resources are finite and cannot be replenished in a short period, making them conventional sources of energy. Examples include fossil fuels and nuclear energy. The first category discussed is coal, a combustible rock formed from plant remains and used primarily for heat and electricity generation. The next category is oil (petroleum), a liquid fossil fuel formed from dead plankton and used in fuels like gasoline and diesel, as well as in the production of plastics. Natural gas, mainly composed of methane, is another fossil fuel used for heat, electricity, and vehicle fuel. Nuclear energy, released from the atom's nucleus, is categorized into nuclear fission and fusion, both used for generating heat and electricity. The paragraph ends with an overview of the various non-renewable resources discussed.

05:03

⚠️ Environmental and Health Impacts of Non-Renewable Energy

This paragraph highlights the environmental and health impacts of non-renewable energy resources. It points out that while these resources are accessible, have high energy density, and are easy to transport, their use comes with significant disadvantages. Fossil fuels release toxic compounds like carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, and nitrogen oxides during combustion, contributing to air, water, and land pollution. This pollution drives environmental issues such as global warming, climate change, and acid rain, which damages forests and buildings. The negative health impacts include respiratory and cardiovascular diseases, particularly for those living near extraction sites or power plants. The paragraph concludes by emphasizing the limited availability of non-renewable resources and the importance of mindful usage due to their associated pros and cons.

Keywords

💡Energy

Energy is defined as the capacity of a system to perform work. In the video, energy is discussed as a fundamental concept, and various types of energy resources are explored. It is the central focus of the session, with the speaker emphasizing how different energy resources are used to generate electricity, heat, and mechanical energy.

💡Non-renewable energy resources

Non-renewable energy resources refer to energy sources that are finite and cannot be replenished within a short period. The video classifies fossil fuels and nuclear energy under this category, highlighting their long history of use and the environmental consequences of relying on them, such as pollution and climate change.

💡Fossil fuels

Fossil fuels are energy resources like coal, oil, and natural gas formed from the remains of plants and animals over millions of years. The video explains that they are a major source of heat and electricity but are non-renewable, meaning their extraction and use contribute significantly to environmental pollution.

💡Coal

Coal is a combustible sedimentary rock composed mainly of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and small amounts of sulfur. The video discusses coal as one of the most widely used fossil fuels for generating heat and electricity. However, its combustion releases toxic gases, contributing to air pollution and climate change.

💡Oil (Petroleum)

Oil, also known as petroleum, is a liquid fossil fuel extracted from underground reservoirs. It is used primarily for transportation fuels such as gasoline and diesel, as well as in the production of plastics. The video mentions oil’s versatility but also points out that its extraction and refinement have environmental drawbacks.

💡Natural gas

Natural gas is a mixture of hydrocarbon gases, primarily methane, that is extracted from underground reservoirs. It is used for heating, electricity generation, and as a vehicle fuel. The video notes that while natural gas is considered a cleaner alternative to coal and oil, it still contributes to greenhouse gas emissions.

💡Nuclear energy

Nuclear energy is energy released from the nucleus of an atom through processes like nuclear fission or fusion. The video categorizes nuclear energy as non-renewable due to its reliance on finite resources like uranium. It emphasizes the high energy output of nuclear reactions but also notes the potential risks and environmental concerns associated with nuclear power.

💡Nuclear fission

Nuclear fission is a reaction in which the nucleus of an atom splits into smaller nuclei, releasing energy. The video explains that fission is used in nuclear power plants to generate steam and electricity. Uranium and plutonium are the primary elements involved in this process, and while efficient, fission produces radioactive waste.

💡Global warming

Global warming refers to the gradual increase in Earth’s average temperature due to the buildup of greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. In the video, global warming is highlighted as a major consequence of using non-renewable energy resources, particularly fossil fuels, which release large amounts of carbon dioxide during combustion.

💡Acid rain

Acid rain is rainfall that has been acidified due to pollutants like sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides released from burning fossil fuels. The video discusses how acid rain negatively impacts forests, buildings, and human health. It illustrates the broader environmental consequences of relying on conventional energy resources like coal and oil.

Highlights

Energy is the capacity of a system to perform work.

Energy resources are natural resources of power that can be converted to usable energy forms.

Energy resources are classified as nonrenewable and renewable based on origin and availability.

Non-renewable energy resources are finite and cannot be generated within a short period of time.

Renewable energy resources are replenishable.

Non-renewable energy resources are also called conventional energy resources.

Fossil fuels and nuclear energy come under non-renewable energy resources.

Coal is a combustible sedimentary rock formed from the remains of plants buried under mud for millions of years.

Coal is used for heat generation and electricity generation.

Oil, or petroleum, is a liquid fossil fuel extracted from underground reservoirs.

Liquid fossil fuels are used for transportation, heating, and electricity generation.

Natural gas is a mixture of hydrocarbon gases extracted from underground reservoirs.

Natural gas is used for heat and electricity generation and as a vehicle fuel.

Nuclear energy is released from the nucleus of an atom and is categorized as nuclear fission and fusion.

Nuclear fission involves the splitting of an atom's nucleus, releasing energy for steam and heat generation.

Nuclear fusion involves fusing lighter nuclei, releasing energy for heat and electricity generation.

Non-renewable energy resources are easily accessible and have high energy density.

The combustion of fossil fuels releases highly toxic compounds and gases, contributing to environmental pollution.

Non-renewable energy resources contribute to climate change, acid rain, and harmful health impacts.

We have limited non-renewable energy resources with their own advantages and disadvantages.

It is important to be mindful while using non-renewable energy resources.

Transcripts

welcome everyone I'm Asha Anand from the

Department of Life Sciences Christ

University today's session we will

discuss various non-renewable energy

resources and then we can conclude this

session by analyzing the the pros and

cons of this energy resources first of

all we must know what is energy energy

is the capacity of of a system to

perform work then what are energy

resources energy resources are the

natural resources of power which can be

converted to usable energy such as

electricity heat and other mechanical

energy based upon the origin and

availability of energy resources they

are classified as nonrenewable energy

resources and renewable energy resources

non-renewable energy resources are those

energy resources which are finite

and cannot be generated within a short

period of time whereas renewable energy

resources are

replenishable coming to non-renewable

energy resources they are also called

conventional energy resources because

they are the traditional sources of

energy and have been widely used for

many

years then what are the example of

non-renewable and conventional energy

resources generally fossil fuels and

nuclear energy come under this class

coming to fossil fuels the very first

category in is coal Coal is a

combustible sedimentary rock which is

formed from the remains of the plants

buried under the layer of muds for

billions or millions of

years the chemical composition of coal

is carbon hydrogen oxygen nitrogen and

some amount of sulfur

coal is generally used for the heat

generation and electricity generation

the next category in fossil fuel is oil

or petroleum it is a liquid fossil fuel

which is extracted from the underground

reservoir basically it is formed from

the dead planktons buried under the

layer of Sands in the bottom of

sea they are further refined as fuels

like gasoline Diesel and Jet fuels

liquid fossils fuels are mainly used for

the transportation Heating and

electricity

generation liquid fossils can also be

used as a raw material for the

production of plastics and other

prochemical

products natural gases which is another

category of fossil fuel it is a mixture

of hydrocarbon gases and extracted from

the underground reservoir or produced as

a byproduct of oil extraction

basically they are having more

percentage of methane in them and this

form of energy is used for generation of

heat and electricity and fuel for the

vehicles nuclear energy is another

example of non-renewable energy

resources it is a form of energy which

is released from the nucleus nucleus is

a core of an atom made up of neutrons or

protons further nuclear energy is

categorized as nuclear fusion and

nuclear

fusion as the name suggest nuclear

fusion is a reaction where a nucleus of

an atom splits into two or more smaller

nuclei and releases some amount of

energy which will be used for the

generation of steam and heat the example

of nuclear fishion is uranium and

plutonium fishion next Cate in nuclear

energy is nuclear fusion where lighter

nuclei will be fused for example Fusion

of deuterium and tritium and some amount

of energy will be released that can be

used for the generation of heat and

electricity now we know various

categories of resources of the

non-renewable energy so we can have a

view on the advantages and disadvantages

of this energy resources the advantages

of non-renewable energy resources are

they are easily accessible and

extractable they have high energy

density so that they can be stored

easily and transported easily then what

are the

disadvantages most of the conventional

energy resources are fossil fuels so

once they are extracted processed and

combusion is done they release highly

toxic compounds or gases for example

example carbon carbon dioxide sulfur

dioxide nitrogen oxide and many various

particulate matter which causes

pollution to the air water and land

therefore conventional or non-renewable

energy resources are the major

contributor to the environmental

pollution climate change and harmful

health impact once the carbon dioxide is

released in high amount in the

environment it leads to global warming

and clim climate change sulfur dioxide

when it is dissolved in water it causes

acid rain which is not good for Forest

as well as for the

buildings then the use of conventional

energy resources are having harmful

impact on human

health they cause different kind of

diseases for example respiratory

diseases and cardiovascular problems

particularly to those population who are

living near the the extraction sites or

the power plant

sites in conclusion I can say that we

have limited non-renewable energy

resources with their own advantages and

disadvantages so one should be mindful

while using this resources I hope the

session will be useful for you thank you