The Sci Guys: Science at Home - SE2 - EP11: Gay-Lussac's Law of Ideal Gases
Summary
TLDRIn this S guys video, hosts Ryan and Adam explore Gay-Lussac's Law, which states that temperature and pressure of an ideal gas are directly proportional. They demonstrate this through an experiment involving candles, water, food coloring, and a beaker. As the candles burn, the air molecules' temperature increases, raising the pressure and causing the water level to rise. The experiment visually illustrates the law, showing how changes in temperature affect pressure in a closed system.
Takeaways
- 🔍 The video discusses Gay-Lussac's Law, which states that the temperature and pressure of an ideal gas are directly proportional.
- 🧪 The experiment involves using candles, a beaker, water, food coloring, and a butane lighter to demonstrate the law.
- 👔 Safety precautions are emphasized, including wearing protective gear and ensuring adult supervision when dealing with fire.
- 🔥 The candles' flames decrease as the air inside the beaker heats up, causing the water level to rise due to increased pressure.
- 🌡️ Gay-Lussac's Law applies to a fixed amount of gas at a constant volume in a closed system, where temperature and pressure are directly related.
- 🌌 Ideal gases, like oxygen and hydrogen, behave according to gas laws such as Gay-Lussac's, assuming particles are non-interacting and randomly moving.
- 🔑 The experiment shows that as the air molecules' temperature increases, so does the pressure, pushing the water level up.
- 🔄 The combustion of candles produces carbon dioxide and water vapor, which displace oxygen and lead to the candles' extinguishment.
- ♨️ After the candles are out, the air molecules cool, decreasing the pressure and causing the water level to rise to equalize the pressure.
- 📚 The video concludes by reinforcing the observable relationship between temperature and pressure in an ideal gas as described by Gay-Lussac's Law.
Q & A
What is the main concept discussed in the video?
-The main concept discussed in the video is Gay-Lussac's Law, which states that the temperature and pressure of an ideal gas are directly proportional.
What equipment is needed for the experiment demonstrated in the video?
-The equipment needed includes candles, a beaker or glass, water, a shallow dish, food coloring, and a butane lighter or matches.
Why is it important to wear an apron or lab coat during the experiment?
-Wearing an apron or lab coat is important to protect from spills and splashes, and it's also a safety measure to prevent any hazards associated with fire.
How does the experiment demonstrate Gay-Lussac's Law?
-The experiment demonstrates Gay-Lussac's Law by showing that as the temperature of the gas inside the beaker increases due to the burning candles, the pressure also increases, causing the water level to rise.
What happens to the candles when the beaker is placed over them?
-The candles' flames get smaller and eventually extinguish as the oxygen in the beaker is consumed and the pressure increases due to the heat.
Why does the water level rise under the beaker after the candles are extinguished?
-The water level rises because the pressure under the beaker decreases as the air molecules cool down and lose pressure, causing the water to be pulled up into the beaker to equalize the pressure.
What is an ideal gas according to the script?
-An ideal gas is a theoretical gas composed of randomly moving, non-interacting particles that follow the laws of gases such as Gay-Lussac's Law.
What happens to the air molecules in the beaker when the candles are lit?
-The air molecules in the beaker get excited and try to spread further apart due to the increase in temperature from the burning candles.
What are the products of the combustion reaction that occurs when the candles burn?
-The products of the combustion reaction are carbon dioxide gas and water vapor.
Why do the candles eventually go out in the experiment?
-The candles go out because the oxygen in the beaker is consumed, and the increasing levels of carbon dioxide and water vapor produced by the combustion reduce the available oxygen needed for the candles to burn.
How does the experiment relate to the real-world behavior of gases?
-The experiment relates to real-world behavior of gases by illustrating how gases behave under changes in temperature and pressure, which is a fundamental concept in understanding gas laws and their applications.
Outlines
🔥 Demonstrating Gay-Lussac's Law with a Candle Experiment
In this educational video segment, hosts Ryan and Adam (or possibly Adam and Teresa) introduce Gay-Lussac's Law, which describes the direct proportionality between temperature and pressure in an ideal gas. They conduct a simple experiment to illustrate this principle using candles, water, food coloring, and a beaker. The setup involves lighting candles in a shallow dish of water and then covering them with a beaker. As the candles burn, they consume oxygen and produce carbon dioxide and water vapor, which increase the pressure under the beaker and cause the water level to rise. The experiment visually demonstrates the relationship between temperature increase (from the burning candles) and the corresponding pressure increase under the beaker. The hosts emphasize safety precautions, such as wearing protective gear and adult supervision when dealing with fire, and they explain the behavior of ideal gases and how real gases like oxygen and carbon dioxide approximate this behavior under normal conditions.
📢 Engaging with the Scientific Community
The second paragraph of the script encourages viewers to engage with the scientific community by sharing their own experiments on social media platforms like Facebook and Google+. It reminds viewers to seek parental permission before sharing any personal content online. The hosts express their curiosity about the outcomes of the experiments and invite viewers to interact with them through comments or direct messages on social media. This part of the script aims to foster a sense of community and continued learning beyond the video.
Mindmap
Keywords
💡Gay-Lussac's Law
💡Ideal Gas
💡Temperature
💡Pressure
💡Volume
💡Candles
💡Beaker
💡Water Level
💡Carbon Dioxide
💡Combustion
Highlights
Gay-Lussac's Law states that temperature and pressure of an ideal gas are directly proportional.
An increase in temperature leads to an increase in pressure, and vice versa.
The experiment requires candles, a beaker, water, a shallow dish, food coloring, and a butane lighter or matches.
Safety measures include wearing an apron or lab coat and ensuring adult supervision when dealing with fire.
The experiment involves placing candles in a dish of water and covering them with a beaker.
As the candles burn, the water level under the beaker rises due to the pressure increase.
Gay-Lussac's Law applies to a fixed amount of gas at a constant volume in a closed system.
Ideal gases, like oxygen and hydrogen, follow Gay-Lussac's Law under normal conditions.
The beaker filled with air molecules represents a closed system where volume is constant.
The energy from the flames raises the temperature of the air molecules, increasing pressure.
The increase in pressure under the beaker causes the water level to rise as the candles burn.
The combustion of candles produces carbon dioxide gas and water vapor, displacing oxygen.
The candles are extinguished as the oxygen level decreases and the pressure inside the beaker drops.
After the candles are out, the air molecules cool, reducing pressure and causing the water level to equalize.
The experiment demonstrates the direct proportionality between temperature and pressure in an ideal gas.
The relationship between temperature and pressure is known as Gay-Lussac's Law.
The video encourages viewers to share their own experiments on social media and to ask questions for further clarification.
Transcripts
today on S guys Gaya
[Music]
[Music]
AAW welcome to S guys I'm Ryan and I'm
Adam and today we're doing guax law of
Ideal gases you're not Adam you're
you're girl no I Madam I'm
confused gays a law states that the
temperature and pressure of an ideal gas
are directly proportional this means
that as the temperature increases the
pressure increases and vice versa the
equipment you're going to need for this
episode includes a couple of candles a
beaker or glass some water and a shallow
dish to hold it in some food coloring
and a butane lighter or
matches although we're not dealing with
anything particularly hazardous in this
episode it's always a good idea to wear
an apron or lab coat to protect from
spills and splashes as well as our
younger viewers always make sure to have
adult supervision anytime you're dealing
with fire so what we're going to do
first is fill our shallow dish with an
inch or two of
water and then we're just going to add
some food coloring to make it easier to
see the next step in our experiment is
to take your two candles place them in
the center of the water
and light them with a butane
lighter for the final step take your
Beaker or large glass and place it over
top of the
candles after a little while of having
our Beaker over our candles you'll
notice the candles Flames will get
smaller and smaller until they're
extinguished if you watch closely you'll
see that the water level underneath our
Beaker begins to rise as the candles
fade away the water level will continue
need to rise for a short time after the
candle has been fully extinguished
you'll notice that the water underneath
the beaker is much higher than the water
in the shallow dish let's look at this
experiment a little closer gac's law
states that when a fixed amount or mass
of an ideal gas is kept at a constant
volume and in a closed system then its
temperature and pressure are directly
proportional what this means is that
when a gas's temperature increases its
pressure increases or as its temperature
decreases its pressure decreases as we
mentioned in our last last episode an
ideal gas is a theoretical gas composed
of a set of randomly moving
non-interacting particles under normal
conditions many Gases such as oxygen
hydrogen and some heavier gases like
carbon dioxide will behave like an ideal
gas this means they follow the laws of
Gases such as galac law in our
experiment our Beaker is filled with
gaseous air molecules the energy from
our Flames transfers to the air
molecules exciting them by raising their
temperature when the air molecules in
our beer are excited they try and spread
further apart but because our Beaker
won't expand like a balloon the volume
of space our air molecules can take up
is limited as they try and expand in
volume the air molecules press harder
and harder against the walls of our
Beaker and the water at its base this
increase in air pressure under our
Beaker causes the water level under it
to be pushed lower than the water level
outside of it the higher the temperature
or the more energy the air molecules get
the more pressure will be created under
our Beaker as the candle Flames burn
they use some of the oxygen contained in
the beaker for combustion the products
of this reaction are carbon dioxide gas
and water vapor as more and more hot
carbon dioxide gases and water vapor are
produced they fill up the top of our
Beaker forcing the oxygen in our Beaker
that the candles need to burn lower and
lower until the candles are extinguished
once the flame is extinguished the air
molecules under our Beaker begin to cool
off dropping in temperature and losing
their excitement this causes the amount
of pressure our air molecules are
exerting on the sides of our Beaker and
the water at its base to drop as the
pressure drops the air under our Beaker
wants to be equal to the pressure
outside of our Beaker this need for
balance causes a pull on the sides of
the beaker and the water at its base
because it's much easier to pull water
into our Beaker than it is to collapse
the sides of our Beaker the water in our
shallow container is pulled into our
Beaker raising the water level under the
beaker equalizing its pressure by
changing the temperature under our
Beaker we can clearly see the directly
proportional relationship between the
temperature and pressure of an ideal gas
this relationship is known as Galax law
that's it for Gaya ax law ideal gases
thanks for watching if you enjoyed this
episode let us know in the comments
below and subscribe for future episodes
and be sure to like us on Facebook and
follow us on Twitter if you have any
questions related to this episode or
about signs in general let us know in
the comments below or message us on
Facebook and we'll try to help you out
as best possible thanks for watching bye
bye you're not Adam you're Teresa you
can't fool me good job you got it here
at SAU we're always curious how
experiments turn out so if you do these
experiments at home share a video or
photo of them with us on our Facebook or
Google+ Page but remember to always ask
your parents permission before you share
any photos or videos
5.0 / 5 (0 votes)