Learners With Physical Disabilities

Summary

This educational video script discusses typology of learners, focusing on students with physical disabilities. It covers four major categories of physical disabilities: visual impairment, hearing impairment, speech impairment, and multiple physical impairments. The script provides detailed explanations of each type, including common conditions and strategies for educators to support these students effectively. It emphasizes the importance of inclusive education and early intervention, ensuring that students with physical disabilities have access to quality learning experiences.

Takeaways

• 🧩 Physical disabilities affect an individual's movement, posture, grasping, communication, eating, and reflexes.
• 🌟 Inclusive education has been introduced to help students with physical disabilities access learning opportunities.
• 👁 Visual impairment encompasses a range of conditions from complete blindness to legal blindness, including hyperopia, myopia, astigmatism, and color blindness.
• 👂 Hearing impairments can be conductive, sensorineural, or mixed, and may be pre-lingual or post-lingual, affecting a person's ability to hear or understand sounds.
• 🗣️ Speech impairments involve difficulties with speech sounds, fluency, or voice, impacting communication and educational performance.
• 📚 Learning strategies for visual impairments include using visual aids, ensuring suitable lighting, and increasing oral activities.
• 🎧 Strategies for hearing impairments involve using assistive listening devices, minimizing background noise, and providing supplementary materials.
• 💬 For speech impairments, collaboration with speech-language pathologists and the use of assistive technology are key.
• 🤝 Multiple physical impairments require a tailored approach, considering each student's unique set of skills, strengths, and learning needs.
• 🔧 Teachers should use assistive technology and provide related services in the classroom to support students with multiple physical impairments.
• 🌱 Early intervention services are crucial for children with disabilities to help them develop mobility, speech, and other skills.

Q & A

What is the main topic of the video script?

The main topic of the video script is about typology of learners with physical disabilities, specifically focusing on visual impairment, hearing impairment, speech impairments, and multiple physical impairments.

What are the challenges faced by individuals with physical disabilities in accessing education?

Individuals with physical disabilities may face challenges such as problems with movement, posture, grasping objects, communication, eating, and reflexed movement, which can hinder their ability to access and engage with the world of learning or education.

What is visual impairment and what are its types?

Visual impairment refers to any kind of vision loss that causes problems with seeing, ranging from complete blindness to legal blindness. Types include hyperopia (farsightedness), myopia (nearsightedness), astigmatism, color blindness, retinopathy of prematurity, macular degeneration, glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, cataract, amblyopia (lazy eye), strabismus (cross-eye), and coloboma.

What strategies can be applied to support students with visual impairments in learning?

Strategies include encouraging the use of visual aids, ensuring suitable lighting, using enlarged print materials, providing clear verbal explanations alongside visual materials, and increasing oral activities.

How is hearing impairment defined and what are its types?

Hearing impairment is defined as a hearing loss that makes it difficult to hear or understand sounds. It can range from deafness to partial hearing loss. Types include conductive loss, sensorineural loss, and mixed loss.

What are the common causes of hearing impairment?

Causes of hearing impairment can include a gradual build-up of earwax, ear infections, abnormal growths or tumors, ruptured eardrums, and damage to the inner ear.

What learning strategies can be applied for students with hearing impairments?

Learning strategies for students with hearing impairments include using assistive listening devices, minimizing background noise, repeating questions clearly, being mindful of facial obstructions, providing supplementary materials, and allowing for in-depth study of fewer texts.

What is speech impairment and what are its general categories?

Speech impairment is a disorder affecting speech sounds, fluency, or voice that interferes with communication. Categories include fluency disorders, voice disorders, and articulation disorders.

How can teachers support students with speech impairments?

Teachers can support students with speech impairments by collaborating with speech-language pathologists, using assistive technology, and employing alternative and augmentative communication (AAC) methods such as sign language.

What is meant by multiple physical impairments?

Multiple physical impairments refer to having more than one physical disability, such as a combination of intellectual disability, blindness, and conditions like autism and cerebral palsy.

What are some tips for teachers addressing students with multiple physical impairments?

Tips include understanding each student's unique set of skills and needs, making substantial modifications and accommodations, allowing partial participation in activities, using assistive technology, practicing and reinforcing learning tasks, and supporting related services in the classroom.

Outlines

00:00

👓 Understanding Visual Impairments

This paragraph introduces the topic of physical disabilities with a focus on visual impairments. It defines physical disabilities and explains how they can affect an individual's daily life, particularly in the context of education. The paragraph then delves into the specifics of visual impairments, defining them as conditions that affect an individual's ability to see. It outlines various types of visual impairments, including hyperopia (farsightedness), myopia (nearsightedness), astigmatism, color blindness, retinopathy of prematurity, macular degeneration, glaucoma, and diabetic retinopathy. Each type is briefly explained, highlighting the impact on vision and, in some cases, the potential causes.

05:02

👁️‍🗨️ Addressing Hearing Impairments

The second paragraph shifts focus to hearing impairments, which are defined as difficulties in hearing or understanding sounds. It discusses the broad range of hearing losses, from mild to profound deafness. The paragraph categorizes hearing impairments into conductive loss, sensorineural loss, and mixed loss, each affecting the auditory system differently. It also introduces the concepts of pre-lingual and post-lingual hearing impairments, which refer to the timing of when hearing loss occurs relative to language development. The paragraph concludes by mentioning common causes of hearing impairments, such as earwax buildup, ear infections, and damage to the inner ear.

10:02

🗣️ Tackling Speech Impairments

This paragraph discusses speech impairments, which are disorders affecting the fluency, sounds, or voice that can hinder communication and educational performance. It outlines three main types of speech impairments: fluency disorders, voice disorders, and articulation disorders. Fluency disorders are characterized by irregular speech patterns, while voice disorders involve issues with the quality or pitch of the voice. Articulation disorders are related to the incorrect production of speech sounds. The paragraph also touches on the causes of these impairments, such as brain injuries, developmental issues, and physical anomalies. It emphasizes the importance of educational professionals, including speech-language pathologists, in providing services to students with speech impairments.

15:03

🤲 Navigating Multiple Physical Impairments

The fourth paragraph addresses the complexities of multiple physical impairments, where an individual may have more than one type of disability. It uses the story of Sharon, a child with an intellectual disability, mobility issues, and speech impairment, to illustrate the challenges faced by such individuals. The paragraph discusses the causes of multiple physical impairments, including chromosomal abnormalities, premature birth, infections, and genetic disorders. It also provides tips for teachers on how to support students with multiple physical impairments, emphasizing the importance of understanding each student's unique set of skills, strengths, and learning needs.

20:03

📚 Strategies for Inclusive Education

The final paragraph offers strategies for educators to support students with physical disabilities in the classroom. It suggests substantial modifications and accommodations to help these students access the curriculum effectively. The paragraph also advocates for partial participation in activities, the use of assistive technology, and the reinforcement of learning through practice and feedback. It highlights the importance of related services such as speech therapy and occupational therapy, which can be integrated into the classroom routine to support students' learning. The paragraph concludes by expressing hope that the video has provided valuable insights into educating students with physical disabilities.

Keywords

💡Physical Disabilities

Physical disabilities refer to a range of conditions that affect an individual's mobility, posture, and ability to manipulate objects. In the context of the video, physical disabilities are central to the discussion as they directly impact the educational experiences of students. The video emphasizes the importance of recognizing these disabilities to provide appropriate educational accommodations, such as inclusive education practices.

💡Visual Impairment

Visual impairment encompasses a variety of conditions that affect an individual's ability to see, ranging from partial sight to complete blindness. The video discusses different types of visual impairments, including hyperopia, myopia, and color blindness, which are crucial for understanding the specific needs of students with these conditions. The script provides examples of how these impairments can affect learning and the strategies that can be employed to support students, such as using visual aids and providing clear verbal explanations.

💡Hearing Impairment

Hearing impairment is defined as a partial or total inability to hear sound, which can significantly impact a student's learning process. The video script mentions various types of hearing impairments, such as conductive loss and sensorineural loss, and discusses the importance of using assistive listening devices and minimizing background noise to support students with these conditions in an educational setting.

💡Speech Impairments

Speech impairments refer to disorders that affect the fluency, voice, or articulation of speech, which can hinder communication and learning. The video script explains different types of speech impairments, including fluency disorders, voice disorders, and articulation disorders. It also suggests strategies for educators to support students with speech impairments, such as collaborating with speech-language pathologists and utilizing assistive technology.

💡Inclusive Education

Inclusive education is an educational approach that aims to provide all students, including those with disabilities, with equal opportunities to learn and develop in a mainstream setting. The video script highlights the importance of inclusive education for students with physical disabilities, emphasizing that it should be introduced early to ensure that all students have access to the world of learning.

💡Assistive Technology

Assistive technology refers to the devices and tools designed to help individuals with disabilities perform tasks more easily. In the video, assistive technology is mentioned as a critical support for students with visual and speech impairments, including the use of glasses, magnifiers, and alternative communication systems. These technologies can significantly enhance the learning experience for students with disabilities.

💡Multiple Physical Impairments

Multiple physical impairments indicate the presence of more than one physical disability in an individual. The video script shares the story of Sharon, who has intellectual disability, mobility issues, and speech impairment, illustrating the complexity of needs for students with multiple impairments. The video emphasizes the importance of understanding each disability and the individual's strengths to provide effective educational support.

💡Early Intervention

Early intervention refers to a set of services and supports provided to young children with disabilities to promote their development and help them reach their full potential. The video script mentions that Sharon, a child with multiple disabilities, began receiving early intervention services, which helped her learn to crawl, understand, and eventually walk with assistance. This highlights the crucial role of early intervention in the lives of children with disabilities.

💡Related Services

Related services are supplementary aids and supports that are provided to students with disabilities to help them benefit from special education. The video script discusses the importance of services such as speech therapy, occupational therapy, and orientation and mobility services in the classroom. These services are integral to creating an inclusive and supportive learning environment for students with disabilities.

💡Accommodations

Accommodations in the educational context refer to the modifications made to the learning environment or materials to meet the needs of students with disabilities. The video script suggests that students with multiple physical impairments often need substantial modifications and accommodations to access the curriculum effectively. Examples include providing modified tasks or using assistive technology to ensure equal participation.

Highlights

Introduction to the topic of typology of learners, focusing on special needs learners with physical disabilities.

Definition of physical disabilities and their impact on an individual's life, including movement, posture, and communication.

The importance of inclusive education for students with physical disabilities.

Exploration of the four major categories of physical disabilities, starting with visual impairment.

Definition and types of visual impairment, including hyperopia, myopia, astigmatism, and color blindness.

Explanation of less common visual impairments such as retinopathy of prematurity and macular degeneration.

Discussion on the causes of visual impairments, ranging from genetic factors to environmental conditions.

Learning strategies for students with visual impairments, emphasizing the use of visual aids and suitable lighting.

Introduction to hearing impairments as a type of physical disability, including conductive and sensorineural losses.

Description of the impact of hearing impairments on speech and language development, distinguishing between pre-lingual and post-lingual losses.

Strategies for supporting students with hearing impairments in educational settings, such as using assistive listening devices.

Overview of speech impairments, including fluency, voice, and articulation disorders.

Teaching strategies for students with speech impairments, involving collaboration with educational professionals and the use of assistive technology.

Understanding multiple physical impairments and the story of Sharon, a child with intellectual disability, mobility issues, and speech impairment.

Causes of multiple physical impairments, such as chromosomal abnormalities and genetic disorders.

Tips for teachers on addressing the needs of students with multiple physical impairments, including knowing their strengths and providing modifications.

The role of assistive technology in supporting students with multiple physical impairments.

Conclusion and call to action for educators to continue learning and adapting their practices to better serve students with physical disabilities.

Transcripts

afternoon everybody this is jeremy

romero and i will be your speaker this

afternoon together with mr michael

taranya and we are from math major

and in this informational video we will

going to

um cover all about typology of learners

with uh special needs learners with

physical disabilities to be specific

to start let us first broaden the praise

physical disabilities physical

disabilities this is a person with

physical conditions affecting how

individual lived their lives students or

persons with physical disabilities may

have problems related to

movement postures like sitting or

sanding grasping or manipulating objects

communication eating an even reflexed

movement

as we all know the initial barrier

experienced by children with physical

disabilities is physically accessing to

the world of learning or education

fortunately

in this present time there are many

shelters that are accepting that kind of

situation

the good thing is that inclusive

education is introduced

in an early time let us now explore the

four major categories of physical

disabilities starting with visual

impairment

visually impaired children may be

defined as those children who is

suffering from the impaired conditions

difficulties and deficiencies present in

their visual organs which make them

different from children with normal

vishon the extent of requiring special

education prohibition

to make it more

comprehensive

when we're talking about visual

impairment

um this is any kind of vision loss

this is a conditions that

causes problems to inability to see

some people are completely blind but

many others have what as you call legal

blindness

so under this visual impairment there

are various types

and let's begin with hyperopia

hyperopia or farsightedness can see

objects for far away but not near so

meaning to say

you can see things that are far away

better than things that are up close in

the case of persons with this this

ability

nerve eye objects may appear blurry

[Music]

next is myopia or nearsightedness

can see objects for near but not far

away

this is an opposite of hyperopia when

you are

aligned to the definitions earlier

persons with this myopia have difficulty

seeing distant objects but can see

objects that are nearby clear

[Music]

astigmatism so

astigmatism you cannot focus at one

object regularly

this is a common eye condition that

causes blurred vision that's why many

people uses lenses or eyeglasses so if

you are having trouble seeing objects

specifically if you are looking for a

particular object and you found it

blurry you probably have astigmatism

color blindness is also part of visual

impairment

i know that some of you are aware with

this condition

this is a problem with cone cells of the

eye

trouble telling the difference between

colors so if you have this condition it

means you see colors differently than

most people do

okay next is red ten novelty of

prematurity this is an eye

caused by abnormal blood vessels brought

in the light sensitive part of the eyes

of premature infants

scarring and detachment of the retina

can result from this condition

the next is macular degeneration

macular degeneration loss

of central version

i mean this is a chronic eye disorder

that causes blurred vision or a blind

spot in our visual field it's generally

caused by abnormal blood vessels that

leak fluid or blood into the part of

retina were responsible for central

vascon

next is glaucoma

glaucoma is true to the blockage of the

fluids that normally circulate within

the eye

this is a group of eye conditions that

damage the optic nerve

and this is this damage is often caused

by abnormally high pressure in our eye

this disability or condition is

primarily one of the leading causes of

blindness for people over at the age of

60.

synthetic retinopathy is also part of

visual impairment

diabetes unusual interference with a

blood supply to the retina it may result

in serious vision impairment

from the word itself diabetic this is an

eye disease caused by the high blood

sugar from diabetes next is cataract

cataract is a condition or state of

cloudiness in the lens into in a

distorted or incomplete vision in a

simple context

people who have this visual impairment

is like seeing through a frosty or fog

area or surrounding you can identify

easily if you have cataracts through

that symptoms next is amblyopia or a

lazy eye this means one eye vision loss

due to muscle imbalance this is

generally developed from birth

up to age seven years and amblyopia

develops when the image and one eye is

blurred and the other eye is clear next

is cross eye

it represents an inability of the

individual to focus on the same object

with both eyes simultaneously

in other words one eye

[Music]

is joined

in direction that is different from the

one eye the last part is

condition in which the central areas of

the ratana of a newborn are found

incomplete in their formation

a condition that occurs before birth

in simple description you have kalabama

when part of the tissue on your eye is

or are missing more awareness upon

knowing how this visual impairment is

acquired i will mention some causes of

it and the first one is transfer of

genes associated from the parents

or probably carelessness adapted by

pregnant mothers

mishaps and incidents unfavorable

conditions

eye infections and eye disease

evil effects of fatal disease or

improper postures adapted at workplace

or probably

reading writing and working and

effective in improper lights

for you all know i am telling this

variety of visual impairment because

first as a student right now we can be

aware to those conditions so we can

you know easily notify ourselves

if we are experiencing symptoms that

match on any of those visual impairments

also we can be able to take actions

easily before something getting worse

in addition as

future educators studying this kind of

talks or context we will be able to

address students with this kind of

situation in the future and we can think

strategies that will improve their

learning despite their active conditions

and

speaking of strategies i will show you

the different

learning strategies that can apply to

this uh

persons with physical disabilities

[Music]

okay

here are some of learning strategies

that we can apply for the students with

a visual impairment

first is encourage the student to use a

visual aids or resources that have been

prescribed like glasses magnifiers

big print books and many more

next one is that we should also make

sure that light is suitable for those

students with problems related to light

next is consider the use of enlarged

print

magnified award sheets and printed

materials must be clear and dark

next is supplement visual materials with

clear verbal explanation and the last

one strategy is increased oral

activities

apart from visual impairment as physical

disabilities

we also have three remaining um

topics of impairments and

hearing impairment is one of those

hearing impairment is

hearing loss

children or somebody who are suffering

hard time to hear or understand sounds

that is hearing impairment this is often

used to describe a wide range of hearing

losses including deafness

uh earlier i stated visual impairment

which is kind of physical condition that

talks about vision now this hearing

impairment is also any physical

condition that affect our auditory

just like visual impairment there are

also variety of types under

this hearing impairment and first one is

conductive loss

so conductive loss refers to decrease

and sound caused by a problem in the

outer or middle ear

it happens when sounds cannot get

through the outer and middle ear for

those people who have this kind of

condition they may be hard to hear soft

sounds

louder sounds maybe muffled

next type of hearing impairment is

sensory neural loss

refers to a problem located in the inner

ear or along the nerve pathway between

the inner ear and the brain you can have

this condition if you have in trouble

hearing sounds when there is background

noise trouble hearing high pitch sounds

or feeling like you can hear voices but

can understand that

and the third

or and last type is mixed lost it refers

to a conductive loss and sensory neural

loss occurring at the same time

when we're talking about this hearing

loss this is the combination of two

hearing impairments the conductive loss

and sensory neural loss okay in this

hearing impairment we have two ages

pre-lingual and post-lingual when we're

talking about pre-lingual this is the

loss of hearing where speech and

language have not yet developed or deaf

child

it means that this impairment can exist

before a child acquiring speech and

language it appears in a newborn baby

and infants up to the age where they can

understand the surrounding

the last or the second one is

post-lingual the loss of hearing after

spontaneous speech and language develop

this impairment appears at any point

after a child has acquired speech well

i know that some of you will ask

how hearing impairments occurs and i

will tell you some of them the first one

is a gradual build up of earwax

next is ear infections in abnormal grots

or tumors

or ruptured ear drum and the last one is

damage to the inner ear okay

earlier i mentioned variety of learning

strategies that we can apply for those

students with

visual impairment and now let's move on

to

some of learning strategies that we can

apply for those students with hearing

impairment the first strategy is use

assistive listening devices such as

induction loops if this are available in

the lecture theater hearing aids may be

include transmitter or receiver systems

with any clip on microphone for the

lecturer

also ensure that any background noise is

minimized

and this third one is repeat clearly any

questions asked

by students in the lecture or class

before giving a response

we also have strategy like do not speak

when facing the blackboard

be aware that mustache

beards hands books or microphones in

front of your face can add to the

difficulties okay provide re-end

materials to supplement all lectures

tutorials and laboratory sessions it is

somehow

difficult for student with hearing

impairment to follow the lectures and

discussion

so

it is necessary to provide learning

materials for them in order to get a

clear knowledge for

the discussion

and the last one is allow assignments

and reviews to be completed on a

in-depth

study of a few texts rather than a broad

study of planning

this is michael j terrenia and i'm going

to discuss the remaining physical

impairments

speech impairments

speech impairments a disorder of speech

sounds fluency or voice and interfere

with communication adversely affect

performance and or functioning in

educational environment

and result in the need for exceptional

student of education

in a simple description this is a kind

of physical disorder that having time

pronouncing different speech sounds

they might distort the sounds of some

words and leave others

other sounds completely

general categories of speech impairments

there are the three types of speech

impairment and the first one is the

fluency disorders

it is difficulties with the rhyme and

timing of speech characterized by

hesitation repetition and prolongation

of sound syllables

words and phrases in a simple definition

this type of speech impairment can

describe as unusual expectation

of sounds in rhyme they accept cause of

fluency disorders at not known

it is said to be generally fast and run

in the families the number two is the

boy's disorders problems with the

quality or

use of one's voice

resulting from disorder is the larynx it

means you have the typical tone of voice

it could be an usual pitch quality

resonance or volume there are a lot of

situation that can cause

voice disorder including surgery

respiratory illness or allergies

number three is the articulation

disorder

this is the errors in production speech

sounds that may be related to anatomical

or neo-muscular support for speech

production

if you have

disorder you might deserve a certain

sound like silly for ship you could also

pull him with sounds like boo or both

or substitute sounds like wabi

for rabbit

brain injury

thinking or development disabilities

physical problems

that affects speech such as clean palate

or clip lip

are cause of this disorder

teaching strategies for children or

students with speech impairment

number one educational professional

student with speech or language

impairment will receive service from

many educational professionals including

general educational teacher

special education teacher and speech

language pathologist

the general education and speech special

education teacher should

both collaborate with the speech

language pathologist

for intervention and teaching strategies

number two assistive technology

students with speech and language

impairments have an array of computer

software packages

available to develop their speech and

language skills

students with speech impairment may use

agreement or alternative communication

aac

aac is a is the use of symbols

aids and techniques to enhance the

communication process

this includes sign language and various

communication boards another impairment

is multiple physical impairment

having multiple disabilities means that

the person has more than one

physical disability for example an

impairment in intellectual blindness

disability and a combination of autism

and cerebral palsy

for better comprehension listen to the

story of sharon who has multiple

physical impairment

sharon is an active 5 year old who loved

to spend time with her grandmother

she also loved to pink her pain and play

with the family dog

sharon has multiple disabilities

when she was born she didn't get enough

oxygen

as a result she has intellectual

disability

which result for problem in mobility and

speech impairment that makes it hard to

understand what she's saying

that doesn't stop sharon from shattering

she has a lot to say

for sharon's parents it's been a long

road from sharon's bed today

when she was a baby she began receiving

special services

called early intervention

these services helped children with

disability convert to their third

birthday in early intervention sharon

learned to crawl and to understand and

finally to walk with races

from sharon's story you could say that

she has an intellectual

disorder and speech impairment and also

problems immobility

which we can call as an example of

multiple physical impairment

what causes of multiple physical

impairment

chromosomal abnormalities

premature back

difficulties from birth

for development of the brain or spinal

cord

infection

genetic disorders

injuries from accidents tips for

teachers on how to address students with

multiple physical impairment

known the needs play the strengths

each students with multiple disabilities

will have his or her own set of skills

strength and learning needs

learning more about each disability of

students will help all in addressing

those learning needs in addition as a

teacher you have to find out more about

the students strengths and interests

reference this can be used to motivate

the students and enrich this education

he or she receives or to make motivation

students with multiple disabilities

often need substantial modification and

accommodation in the classroom this will

help

them access the general education

curriculum at a great appropriate level

number three allow partial participation

as necessary partial participation means

the students with multiple disabilities

aren't excluded from activities because

they might not be able to complete a

task

or independently modification can be

made to the task itself or to how

students particularly consider

a sensitive technology associative

technology is appropriate

even essential for many students with

multiple disabilities without a

sensitive technology there may be many

tasks they simply cannot perform or will

be have difficulty performing

practice and reinforce

in this particular scenario teachers

should be concrete in anything

gives a lot of hands-on opportunities

for learning practice

give feedback immediately that will help

boosting intellectual and emotional

aspects

repeat the learning tasks in different

settings

support related services in the

classroom depending on student

disabilities children may need related

services to benefit special education

related services may include speech

language therapy

occupational therapy or orientation and

mobility services

it best practices to provide the

services in the classroom during the

natural routine of the school we are

hoping that you end enough and valuable

lesson in our educational video thank

you for listening and have a nice day

everyone