Lasswell Model of Communication | English Lesson 📍

Summary

This video discusses Harold Lasswell's communication model, a simple yet comprehensive framework that identifies five key components of communication: who (the communicator), says what (the message), in which channel (the medium), to whom (the receiver), and with what effect (the impact). The video uses a CNN news example about a nuclear power station leak to illustrate the model. It highlights the model's advantages, such as its simplicity and applicability to various communication types, but also points out its lack of feedback mechanism and consideration for noise, which could affect the message's reception.

Takeaways

• 😀 Harold D. Lasswell was an influential American political scientist born on February 13, 1902, and died on December 18, 1978.
• 🔍 Lasswell's model of communication is defined by five key questions: Who, Says what, In which channel, To whom, and With what effect.
• 🗣️ 'Who' in the model represents the communicator, the source of the message.
• 📢 'Says what' refers to the message content, which is the information being communicated.
• 📡 'In which channel' pertains to the medium used for communication, such as television, radio, or newspapers.
• 👥 'To whom' identifies the receiver or audience of the message.
• 🌐 'With what effect' addresses the impact or outcome of the message on the receiver.
• 🔑 The model's distinctiveness lies in its control, content, media, audience, and effect analysis, which dissects different aspects of the communication process.
• 🌐 An example given in the script is a CNN news report about a water leak from a nuclear power station in Japan, illustrating how the model can be applied.
• 👍 The Lasswell model is advantageous for its simplicity and applicability to all types of communication, focusing on the concept of effect.
• 🚫 The model's disadvantages include the lack of feedback mechanism and the absence of considerations for noise, which could affect the communication process.

Q & A

Who is Harold Dwight Lasswell?

Harold Dwight Lasswell was an American political scientist born on February 13, 1902, and died on December 18, 1978.

What are the five key questions proposed by Lasswell to describe an act of communication?

Lasswell proposed that an act of communication can be described by answering the following five questions: Who, Says what, In which channel, To whom, and With what effect.

What is the significance of the 'Who' component in Lasswell's model?

In Lasswell's model, 'Who' refers to the communicator, the person or entity that initiates the communication process.

Can you explain the 'Says what' component in the context of Lasswell's model?

'Says what' in Lasswell's model represents the message being communicated, which is the content or information being conveyed.

What does 'In which channel' signify in Lasswell's communication model?

'In which channel' refers to the medium or tool used to transmit the message, such as television, radio, or newspapers.

How is the 'To whom' component defined in Lasswell's model?

The 'To whom' component in Lasswell's model denotes the receiver of the message, the audience or target of the communication.

What is the purpose of the 'With what effect' question in Lasswell's model?

'With what effect' is concerned with the impact or outcome of the message on the receiver, assessing the effectiveness of the communication.

What is the Control Analysis in Lasswell's model?

Control Analysis in Lasswell's model pertains to the power dynamics where the communicator has control over the content, target, and purpose of the message.

How does Media Analysis fit into Lasswell's communication model?

Media Analysis focuses on the channel or medium used in the communication process, examining how different media can affect the delivery and reception of messages.

What is Audience Analysis in the context of Lasswell's model?

Audience Analysis in Lasswell's model involves understanding the receiver's characteristics, needs, and how they process and interpret the message.

What are the advantages of Lasswell's model of communication?

The advantages of Lasswell's model include its simplicity and ease of use, as it consists of only five components, and its applicability to all types of communication due to its foundational nature.

What are the disadvantages of Lasswell's model as mentioned in the transcript?

The disadvantages of Lasswell's model include the lack of feedback mechanism, absence of noise consideration, and its linear nature, which implies a one-way communication process without return of the message.

How can Lasswell's model be applied to a real-world example, such as a news report?

In a real-world example like a news report, Lasswell's model can be applied by identifying the communicator (e.g., TEPCO operator), the message (e.g., radioactive material leak), the channel (e.g., television via CNN), the audience (e.g., the public), and the effect (e.g., alerting people in Japan).

Outlines

00:00

📢 Harold Lasswell's Model of Communication

The video introduces Harold D. Lasswell, an American political scientist, and his influential model of communication. Born on February 13, 1902, and died on December 18, 1978, Lasswell's model is characterized by five key questions: who, says what, in which channel, to whom, and with what effect. This model is straightforward and applicable to various forms of communication. It includes components such as the communicator, message, medium, receiver, and the effect of the message on the receiver. The video provides an example using a CNN news report on a water leak from a nuclear power station in Japan, demonstrating how to apply Lasswell's model. The model's advantages are its simplicity and universality, but it lacks a feedback mechanism and does not account for noise or barriers in communication.

05:00

🔍 Understanding Noise in Lasswell's Communication Model

This paragraph delves into the concept of 'noise' within Lasswell's communication model. Noise refers to any interference or barrier that disrupts the communication process, such as the receiver's environment, lack of interest, or misinterpretation of the message. The video explains that in a linear model like Lasswell's, communication is one-way and does not include a feedback loop, which means the model does not consider the receiver's response or potential misunderstandings. The video concludes by summarizing the key points about Lasswell's model and encourages viewers to look forward to the next lesson.

Keywords

💡Harold Dwight Lasswell

Harold Dwight Lasswell was an American political scientist born on February 13, 1902, and died on December 18, 1978. He is known for his contributions to the field of communication, particularly for developing the Lasswell model of communication. In the video, Lasswell's model is the central theme, and his name is used to introduce the discussion on communication theory.

💡Model of Communication

A model of communication is a theoretical framework that describes the process of exchanging information. In the context of the video, the Lasswell model is the focus, which simplifies the communication process into five key questions. The video aims to explain how this model can be applied to understand various forms of communication.

💡Five Questions

Lasswell proposed that an act of communication can be described by answering five questions: Who, Says What, In Which Channel, To Whom, and With What Effect. These questions form the basis of his communication model and are used in the video to dissect the components of any communication act, providing a clear and structured approach to understanding the process.

💡Communicator

The communicator refers to the 'who' in Lasswell's model, the person or entity that initiates the communication process. In the video, the Tokyo Electric Power Corporation (TEPCO) is identified as the communicator in the example provided, highlighting their role in disseminating information about a water leak at a nuclear power station.

💡Message

The message is what is being communicated, which in Lasswell's model is represented by 'Says What.' It is the content that the communicator intends to convey. In the video example, the message is about the radioactive material flowing into the sea due to a water leak, which is the information TEPCO is trying to communicate to the public.

💡Channel

The channel, or 'In Which Channel,' refers to the medium used to transmit the message. It can be television, radio, newspapers, or any other form of media. In the video, CNN News is mentioned as the channel used by TEPCO to communicate the message about the nuclear power station incident.

💡Receiver

The receiver, or 'To Whom,' is the individual or group that the message is intended for. They are the audience that receives and interprets the communication. In the video, the public is identified as the receiver of the message about the radioactive material, highlighting their role in the communication process.

💡Effect

Effect, or 'With What Effect,' is the outcome or influence that the message has on the receiver. It is the purpose or result of the communication act. In the video, the effect is described as alerting the people of Japan about the radioactive material, which is the intended impact of TEPCO's communication.

💡Control Analysis

Control analysis is a component of Lasswell's model that focuses on the power dynamics in the communication process, specifically who has control over the message. In the video, this concept is used to discuss the communicator's role in shaping the content and purpose of the message.

💡Media Analysis

Media analysis pertains to the examination of the channel or medium used in communication. It is a part of Lasswell's model that looks at how different media can influence the communication process. The video uses this term to discuss the importance of choosing the right channel to effectively reach the intended audience.

💡Audience Analysis

Audience analysis involves understanding the receiver of the message, their characteristics, and how they might interpret the communication. In the video, this concept is used to discuss the public's role as the receiver and how they are affected by the message about the nuclear incident.

💡Effect Analysis

Effect analysis is the study of the impact or result of the message on the receiver. It is a crucial part of Lasswell's model that evaluates the success of the communication based on its effects. The video uses this term to explain how the message about the radioactive material is intended to alert and inform the public, which is the desired effect.

💡Feedback

Feedback is a concept that refers to the response or return message from the receiver to the communicator. While not a part of Lasswell's original model, the video mentions it as a missing element, suggesting that the model does not account for the receiver's reaction or further communication back to the sender.

💡Noise

Noise in communication refers to any interference or barrier that can distort or obstruct the message. The video discusses noise as a factor that can affect the communication process, such as misunderstandings, distractions, or lack of interest from the receiver, which were not explicitly included in Lasswell's model.

💡Linear Model

A linear model of communication implies a one-way flow of information without feedback. The video describes Lasswell's model as linear, emphasizing that it does not include a mechanism for the receiver to respond or for the communication to be a two-way exchange.

Highlights

Introduction to Harold D. Lasswell, an American political scientist born on February 13, 1902, and died on December 18, 1978.

Lasswell's model of communication is defined by his five key questions: Who, Says What, In Which Channel, To Whom, and With What Effect.

The 'Who' in Lasswell's model represents the communicator, initiating the communication process.

The 'Says What' component refers to the message being communicated.

The 'In Which Channel' aspect highlights the medium used for communication, such as television, radio, or newspapers.

The 'To Whom' part identifies the receiver or audience of the message.

The 'With What Effect' question addresses the impact or outcome of the message on the receiver.

Control analysis within the model focuses on the communicator's power and intent behind the message.

Content analysis examines the target, motive, or purpose of the message.

Media analysis looks at the channel or medium used in the communication process.

Audience analysis considers the receiver or target audience of the message.

Effect analysis is concerned with the result or outcome of the message on the audience.

An example of applying Lasswell's model is given using a CNN news report about a water leak from a nuclear power station in Japan.

In the example, TEPCO (Tokyo Electric Power Corporation) is identified as the communicator.

The message in the example is about radioactive material flowing into the sea due to a water leak.

The channel used in the example is television, specifically CNN news.

The audience in the example is the public, particularly people in Japan.

The effect of the message in the example is to alert the Japanese public about the radioactive material in the sea.

Advantages of Lasswell's model include its simplicity and applicability to all types of communication.

The model's disadvantages include the lack of feedback mechanism and consideration of noise in the communication process.

Lasswell's model is linear, implying a one-way communication process without feedback.

Conclusion of the lesson, summarizing the key points about Lasswell's model of communication.

Transcripts

[Music]

hello everyone so this time

let's have series of discussions of

the model of communication so this time

let's have

the last one model of communication so

first

who is laswell so lesvos full name

is harold dwight laswell he was born on

february 13 1902

and he died on december 18 1978.

he is an american political scientist

so let's discuss how his model of

communication looks like

but first with the definition so for

harold

lasso model of communication he believes

that

a convenient way to describe an act of

communication

is to answer the following questions so

he proposed

five questions number one who

two says what three in which

channel for to whom and for number five

with what effect so below we have here

the components of the model so who

that is for the communicator says what

that is the message in which channel

therefore the medium used

it could be a television a radio or a

newspaper

to whom that means the receiver of the

message

and with what effect therefore the

effect of the message

to the receiver of the message so below

we have here the analysis so this

makes this less well model of

communication

distinctive from each or from the other

communication model

so we have here the control analysis so

when we see control

analysis that means the person or say

the

communicator has all the power in this

communication process

for the content that means the

target or the motive or the purpose of

that message

for the media analysis that means the

um channel or the medium use in that

form of communication the audience

analysis

that means the receiver or the target

receiver

of that message and for the effect that

means the result of the message

so that is the components of the model

of

well so let's have here the example

how are we this one cnn news

a water leak from japan's tsunami

crippled

nuclear power station resulted in about

100

times the permitted level of radioactive

material

flowing into the sea operator tokyo

electric

power corporation said on saturday

so that is the example so let's identify

the this message or say

this example using lasso model of

communication

first for the who that means the tepc

operator so this is the name of the

company

that is um has the problem

when you talk about this water leak

because of japan's tsunami

so they are the communicator and what is

the message

it's all about the radioactive material

flowing into the sea

the channel that they used they used

television as their medium

and they connected with the cnn news

and whom that means the audience that

means the public

and the effect of course to alert the

people of japan

from the rejection so that is how you're

going to use this last one model of

communication easy right so

last we have here the advantage and the

disadvantage

for the advantage of this lasso model of

communication

it is easy and simple because there are

only

five components and then it suits for

all types of communication because

most of the model of communication has

some similarities with the components of

lasswell

and then another advantage is that it

uses the concept of

effect for the disadvantage there is no

feedback

we see feedback that means there is no

return message

from the receiver of the message

so the receiver will just absorb all the

message

another one noise was not mentioned

when you say noise that means the

barrier

of that communication process for

example

if the receiver could not understand or

he has this

another interpretation of the message

another noise could be like

he is actually along the road while

he is listening to the message so he

cannot

listen very well or another one noise is

that

the receiver himself is not interested

with a message so that is what we mean

with the noise

and for the linear model of

communication we say linear that means

there is only one-way process of

communication

there is no feedback there is no return

of message

so that's all for last world model of

communication

i hope that you learned from this lesson

see you in my next video