Jaringan Parenkim (Jaringan Tumbuhan )

wety yuningsih

22 Jul 202003:25

Summary

TLDRIn this video, Yuningsih introduces the topic of parenchyma tissue in plants for grade 11 students. Parenchyma, also known as basic tissue, is present in most parts of the plant and is made up of large, living cells with a nucleus and many vacuoles. The video covers various types of parenchyma, including storage parenchyma (found in roots, tubers, and seeds), aerenchyma (found in water plants like lotus and water hyacinth), and other specialized forms like chlorenchyma and stellate parenchyma. Viewers are invited to like and subscribe for future content on plant support tissues.

Takeaways

🌱 The topic discussed is the parenchyma tissue in plants, which is a part of the Grade 11 curriculum.
🌿 Parenchyma is referred to as basic tissue because it is found in almost every part of the plant.
🌾 Parenchyma cells are living, large in size, and contain a nucleus and many vacuoles.
🪴 These cells have intercellular spaces, so they are not closely packed together.
🍃 Parenchyma has meristematic properties, meaning the cells can actively divide.
🥔 The first type of parenchyma mentioned is storage parenchyma, found in organs like tubers, roots, rhizomes, and seeds.
💨 The second type is aerenchyma, which stores air and is found in plants like lotus leaves and water hyacinth.
🌞 Mesophyll tissue contains palisade and spongy parenchyma, which have chlorophyll, so they are called chlorenchyma.
⭐ Another type is actinenchyma, whose star-shaped cells connect at the tips, found in plant petioles.
📚 The next topic in the lesson will be supportive tissues in plants.

Q & A

What is parenchyma tissue in plants?
-Parenchyma tissue is the basic tissue in plants, found in almost every part of the plant body. It consists of living cells that are large, have a nucleus, and many vacuoles.
Why is parenchyma tissue referred to as the 'basic tissue'?
-It is called the 'basic tissue' because it is found in almost every part of the plant body and forms the foundation for other plant tissues.
What are the characteristics of parenchyma cells?
-Parenchyma cells are living cells, large in size, with a nucleus, many vacuoles, and they have spaces between them, making their arrangement less dense.
What is the function of parenchyma tissue in plants?
-Parenchyma tissue has multiple functions, such as storing food, gases, or water, and it can also perform photosynthesis when it contains chlorophyll.
What is storage parenchyma?
-Storage parenchyma refers to parenchyma tissue that has large vacuoles for storing food reserves, typically found in parts like tubers, roots, rhizomes, and seeds.
What is aerenchyma tissue and where is it found?
-Aerenchyma is parenchyma tissue specialized for storing air, characterized by large intercellular spaces. It is found in aquatic plants like water lilies and water hyacinths.
What are the two types of mesophyll parenchyma in leaves?
-The two types of mesophyll parenchyma are palisade parenchyma and spongy parenchyma, both of which contain chlorophyll and are involved in photosynthesis.
What is chlorenchyma and what is its function?
-Chlorenchyma is parenchyma tissue that contains chlorophyll, which allows it to perform photosynthesis.
What is actinenchyma and where is it found?
-Actinenchyma is a type of parenchyma tissue with star-shaped cells that connect at their tips, commonly found in the petioles of leaves.
What will be the next topic after the discussion of parenchyma tissue?
-The next topic will cover supporting tissues in plants.

Outlines

00:00

🌱 Introduction to Parenchyma in Plants

The speaker introduces the topic of parenchyma tissue in plants, focusing on its importance as fundamental tissue. Parenchyma is present in almost every part of the plant body and consists of living cells that are large, have a nucleus, and contain many vacuoles. The cells have intercellular spaces, making them loosely packed. This tissue is meristematic, meaning it can actively divide.

🍽️ Storage Parenchyma for Food Reserves

The first type of parenchyma discussed is storage parenchyma, which is responsible for storing food reserves. These cells contain large vacuoles to store nutrients. Examples include storage in structures like tubers, roots, rhizomes, and seeds.

🌬️ Aerenchyma: Air Storage Parenchyma

Aerenchyma is a specialized type of parenchyma that stores air and has large intercellular spaces. This type of tissue is found in aquatic plants such as lotus leaves and water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes), allowing the plants to float.

☘️ Mesophyll: Photosynthetic Parenchyma

In the mesophyll layer of leaves, there are two types of parenchyma: palisade parenchyma and spongy parenchyma. Both contain chlorophyll and are involved in photosynthesis, which is why this type of parenchyma is also called chlorenchyma.

⭐ Stellate Parenchyma: Actinenchyma

Actinenchyma is a type of parenchyma with star-shaped cells that are interconnected at their tips. This structure is found in the petioles (leaf stalks) of certain species and provides mechanical support.

🌿 Conclusion: Parenchyma Overview

The speaker concludes the discussion on parenchyma tissues, summarizing the different types: storage parenchyma, aerenchyma, chlorenchyma, and actinenchyma. The video promises to cover supporting tissues in plants in the next segment and encourages viewers to like and subscribe for future content.

Mindmap

Keywords

💡Parenchyma

Parenchyma is a fundamental tissue in plants, often referred to as the 'ground tissue' because it is found in almost every part of the plant. These are living cells with a large central vacuole and thin cell walls, which provide support and storage. In the video, it is highlighted as a key topic, emphasizing its role in various functions such as storage, photosynthesis, and gas exchange.

💡Meristematic

Meristematic refers to the ability of plant cells to divide and form new cells, aiding growth. Parenchyma tissues can exhibit meristematic properties, meaning they can actively divide to contribute to plant growth and repair. This concept is discussed in the video as an important characteristic of parenchyma, highlighting its role in the plant's development.

💡Storage Parenchyma

Storage parenchyma refers to parenchyma cells specialized in storing nutrients and water. These cells have large vacuoles to hold reserves, found in structures like roots, tubers, and seeds. The video uses examples like potatoes and seeds to illustrate how plants store essential resources in these tissues.

💡Aerenchyma

Aerenchyma is a type of parenchyma tissue adapted for gas exchange, characterized by large air spaces between cells. It is crucial for plants that grow in aquatic environments, aiding in buoyancy and oxygen supply. The video mentions water lilies and water hyacinth as examples where aerenchyma enables the plants to float and survive in waterlogged conditions.

💡Chlorenchyma

Chlorenchyma refers to parenchyma cells containing chloroplasts, making them essential for photosynthesis. These cells are often found in leaf mesophyll and help in producing food for the plant. The video discusses chlorenchyma in the context of mesophyll tissues, indicating its role in supporting the plant's energy production through photosynthesis.

💡Palisade Parenchyma

Palisade parenchyma consists of columnar cells packed with chloroplasts, found just beneath the leaf epidermis. It is responsible for capturing light efficiently for photosynthesis. In the video, this type of parenchyma is part of the discussion on mesophyll, highlighting its role in maximizing light absorption for energy production in plants.

💡Spongy Parenchyma

Spongy parenchyma is composed of loosely arranged cells with large air spaces, located below the palisade layer in leaves. This structure facilitates gas exchange and contributes to the plant's respiration and photosynthesis. The video mentions spongy parenchyma in the context of leaf mesophyll, emphasizing its role in allowing efficient movement of gases like oxygen and carbon dioxide.

💡Actinenchyma

Actinenchyma is a form of parenchyma where cells have a star-shaped appearance, often found in the stems and petioles. These cells connect at their tips, providing structural support and facilitating gas diffusion. The video highlights actinenchyma's unique shape and its occurrence in the leaf stalks of some plant species, demonstrating the diversity of parenchyma tissues.

💡Mesophyll

Mesophyll is the inner tissue of a leaf, consisting mainly of parenchyma cells. It is divided into two types: palisade and spongy parenchyma, both crucial for photosynthesis and gas exchange. The video describes mesophyll as the site where chlorenchyma is located, emphasizing its importance in capturing sunlight and facilitating the exchange of gases for the plant's metabolic processes.

💡Vacuole

A vacuole is a large, membrane-bound organelle within plant cells that stores nutrients, waste products, and helps maintain turgor pressure for structural support. In parenchyma cells, especially storage parenchyma, vacuoles are significant for holding starch, oils, and other substances. The video mentions the presence of large vacuoles in parenchyma cells, underscoring their role in nutrient storage and cell rigidity.

Highlights

Introduction to the lesson on plant parenchyma tissues for 11th-grade students.

Parenchyma tissue is referred to as the 'basic tissue' because it is found in almost every part of a plant's body.

Parenchyma tissue consists of living cells, which are large in size and contain a nucleus and many vacuoles.

These cells have intercellular spaces, meaning the cells are not tightly packed together.

Parenchyma tissue is meristematic, meaning it has the ability to divide actively.

The first type of parenchyma tissue mentioned is storage parenchyma, which contains large vacuoles for food storage.

Examples of storage parenchyma can be found in tubers, roots, rhizomes, and seeds.

The second type is aerenchyma, a parenchyma tissue that stores air, with large intercellular spaces.

Examples of aerenchyma tissue include the leaves of lotus plants and the water hyacinth (Eichornia crassipes).

Mesophyll parenchyma, which is found in leaves, includes both palisade and spongy parenchyma.

Parenchyma tissue that contains chlorophyll is referred to as chlorenchyma.

Another type of parenchyma tissue mentioned is actinenchyma, which consists of star-shaped cells that are connected at their points.

Actinenchyma tissue is commonly found in the petioles of leaves.

The lesson concludes with an overview of parenchyma tissue and a teaser for the next topic on supporting tissues in plants.

Reminder to like and subscribe to the channel for more educational content.