Fungsi Rangka Manusia (Sistem Gerak)

wety yuningsih

17 Sept 202002:46

Summary

TLDRIn this educational video, Weti Yuningsih introduces the topic of the human movement system for 11th-grade students. The discussion begins with the skeletal system, highlighting the difference between passive movement (skeletal system) and active movement (muscular system). She explains the two types of skeletons—exoskeletons in invertebrates and endoskeletons in vertebrates and humans. Additionally, the video covers the functions of the skeletal system, such as giving shape, protecting organs, supporting muscles, enabling movement, producing blood cells, and storing minerals. The video concludes with a promise of more content on the axial skeleton.

Takeaways

😊 Introduction to the topic of human movement system for 11th-grade material.
👣 The movement system in humans consists of two types: passive (skeletal system) and active (muscular system).
🦀 There are two types of skeletons: exoskeleton (external skeleton in invertebrates like grasshoppers, cockroaches, lobsters, and crabs) and endoskeleton (internal skeleton in vertebrates and humans).
👤 The skeletal system in humans gives shape and posture to the body.
🛡️ The skeleton protects soft organs like the heart, brain, lungs, and spinal cord.
💪 The skeleton provides a place for muscles (skeletal muscles) to attach, which are crucial for movement.
🏃 The skeleton supports movement by acting as a structure for muscles to work against.
🩸 Hematopoiesis, the formation of blood cells, occurs in the red bone marrow.
⚙️ The skeleton serves as a storage for minerals, especially calcium.
🔔 Next topic to be covered: the axial skeleton in the human skeletal system.

Q & A

What are the two types of movement systems in humans?
-The two types of movement systems in humans are passive movement (skeletal system) and active movement (muscular system).
What is the passive movement system in humans?
-The passive movement system in humans is the skeletal system, which provides structure and support to the body.
What is the active movement system in humans?
-The active movement system in humans is the muscular system, which enables movement by contracting and relaxing muscles.
What are the two types of skeletons mentioned in the script?
-The two types of skeletons are exoskeleton and endoskeleton.
What is an exoskeleton, and which organisms have it?
-An exoskeleton is a skeleton located outside the body, commonly found in invertebrates such as grasshoppers, cockroaches, lobsters, and crabs.
What is an endoskeleton, and which organisms have it?
-An endoskeleton is a skeleton covered by muscles and skin, found in vertebrates and humans.
What are the primary functions of the skeletal system in humans?
-The skeletal system provides body shape and posture, protects soft organs, serves as attachment points for skeletal muscles, facilitates movement, aids in hematopoiesis (blood cell formation), and stores minerals like calcium.
How does the skeletal system protect the body?
-The skeletal system protects the body by shielding vital soft organs such as the heart, brain, lungs, and spinal cord.
What is hematopoiesis, and where does it occur in the body?
-Hematopoiesis is the process of blood cell formation, which occurs in the red bone marrow found within the skeletal system.
What will be the next topic discussed in the video series according to the script?
-The next topic to be discussed in the video series is the axial skeleton in the human skeletal system.

Outlines

00:00

🧑‍🏫 Introduction to the Human Movement System

The video begins with a greeting by Weti Yuningsih, who introduces the topic for the day: the human movement system, a key part of the 11th-grade curriculum. The focus is on the movement system's two components: the passive movement system (skeletal system) and the active movement system (muscular system). She urges viewers to pay close attention as they explore these foundational concepts.

💀 Types of Skeletons: Exoskeleton vs Endoskeleton

The second part of the video introduces two types of skeletons. The exoskeleton, which is found outside the body, is typical of invertebrates like grasshoppers, cockroaches, lobsters, and crabs. In contrast, the endoskeleton is covered by muscles and skin, characteristic of vertebrates, including humans.

🏋️‍♂️ Functions of the Human Skeleton

The next section delves into the functions of the human skeletal system. The skeleton provides body structure and posture, protects soft organs such as the heart, brain, lungs, and spinal cord, serves as a point of attachment for skeletal muscles, supports movement, enables hematopoiesis (blood cell production in the red bone marrow), and stores minerals like calcium.

🎓 Conclusion and Teaser for Next Topic

The video wraps up the discussion on the human skeletal system, specifically its functions in movement. The presenter then previews the next lesson on the axial skeleton in the human body. Finally, she encourages viewers to like and subscribe to the channel for more educational content.

Mindmap

Keywords

💡Skeletal System

The skeletal system refers to the framework of bones and tissues that provide structure and support to the body. In the video, it is explained as part of the human movement system, divided into passive and active components. The passive part, which includes bones, is essential for maintaining the body's shape and facilitating movement.

💡Passive Movement Apparatus

The passive movement apparatus refers to the skeletal system, which doesn't generate movement on its own but provides the structure and support for movement. In the video, this is distinguished from muscles, which actively cause movement. It includes bones and joints that serve as the foundation for bodily motion.

💡Active Movement Apparatus

The active movement apparatus consists of muscles that control movement by contracting and relaxing. The video highlights this system as responsible for enabling physical motion, in contrast to the skeletal system, which acts as a passive framework. Muscles work in conjunction with bones to create motion.

💡Exoskeleton

An exoskeleton is a rigid external structure that supports and protects an animal's body. The video mentions it as the skeletal structure in invertebrates like insects (e.g., cockroaches, lobsters). In contrast to human endoskeletons, exoskeletons are found on the outside of the body.

💡Endoskeleton

An endoskeleton is an internal support structure found in vertebrates, including humans. In the video, it is described as a skeleton covered by muscles and skin, forming the internal framework that enables upright posture and movement. The endoskeleton supports soft tissues and provides a structure for muscle attachment.

💡Axial Skeleton

The axial skeleton refers to the central part of the human skeleton, including the skull, vertebral column, and rib cage. In the video, it's mentioned as a focus of the next lesson. The axial skeleton protects vital organs like the brain and heart, and provides central support for the body.

💡Vertebrates

Vertebrates are animals with a backbone, including humans, mentioned in the context of having an endoskeleton. The video contrasts vertebrates with invertebrates, which have exoskeletons. Vertebrates’ skeletal systems provide internal support and protect key organs, allowing for complex movements.

💡Invertebrates

Invertebrates are animals without a backbone, mentioned in the video as having exoskeletons. Examples include insects like grasshoppers and cockroaches. The exoskeleton in invertebrates serves as external protection and support, unlike the internal skeleton of vertebrates.

💡Hematopoiesis

Hematopoiesis is the process of blood cell formation, which occurs in the red bone marrow. In the video, it is identified as one of the key functions of the skeletal system. This process is crucial for maintaining healthy levels of blood cells, which are necessary for oxygen transport and immune function.

💡Calcium Storage

Calcium storage refers to the function of bones in storing calcium and other minerals. In the video, it is listed as one of the essential roles of the skeletal system. Calcium is vital for bone strength and plays a key role in various physiological processes, including muscle contraction and blood clotting.

Highlights

Introduction to the system of movement in humans, consisting of passive and active movement apparatuses.

Explanation of passive movement apparatus: the skeletal system.

Explanation of active movement apparatus: the muscular system.

Introduction to types of skeletons: exoskeleton and endoskeleton.

Exoskeleton definition: external skeleton found in invertebrates like grasshoppers, cockroaches, lobsters, and crabs.

Endoskeleton definition: internal skeleton covered by muscles and skin, found in vertebrates and humans.

Functions of the skeleton in humans: gives shape and posture to the body.

Skeleton protects soft organs such as the heart, brain, lungs, and spinal cord.

Skeleton serves as a place for muscle attachment, particularly skeletal muscles, also known as striated muscles.

Skeleton supports movement in the body.

Role of the skeleton in hematopoiesis: blood cell formation in red bone marrow.

Skeleton acts as a storage site for minerals like calcium.

Transition into discussing the axial skeleton within the human skeletal system.

Closing remarks and encouragement to like and subscribe.

Use of Islamic greeting at the beginning and end of the video.